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Detection, Diagnosis, and Management of Bladder Cancer—Integration of Non-invasive Diagnostics...
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Detection, Diagnosis, and Management of Bladder Cancer—Integration of Non-invasive Diagnostics into Medical Decision Making

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 8016

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hideki Furuya

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
Interests: urinary biomarkers; early detection; prognostics; prediction of the response to treatment; bladder cancer; the role of sphingolipid signaling cascade in cancers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Charles Rosser

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
Interests: molecular diagnostics and experimental therapeutics; specifically bladder cancer biomarkers for early detection, clinical diagnosis and prognosis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite the improvement of diagnosis and treatment of bladder cancer, the death rates of bladder cancer have increased over the past two decades. In addition, bladder cancer has one of the highest recurrence rates of any tumor type. Although treatment, such as administration of intravesical immunologic or chemotherapeutic agents, helps to lower the risk of recurrence, the risk still remains 31–78% after 5 years. Unfortunately, up to 45% of cases of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) progress to muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) after 5 years, leading to dismal survival rates associated with more advanced disease.  When patients are diagnosed early as NMIBC, including stage 0 or I, cure with surgical resection is possible in a high percentage of cases, with a 5-year survival rate 98% and 88%, respectively. However, once it becomes MIBC or metastatic including stage II, III, and IV, it is fatal, with an estimated 5-year survival rate of 63%, 46%, and 15%, respectively. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop novel strategies for the prevention and treatment of bladder cancer. The forthcoming Special Issue will welcome submissions on, but not limited to, the following topics:

  • Risk factors (epidemiological and biological factors including the mechanism);
  • Non-invasive detection biomarkers, such as saliva-, blood- and urine-based biomarkers (liquid biopsy);
  • Imaging, such as X-ray, CT, MRI;
  • Novel DNA, RNA, protein biomarkers;
  • -omics based discovery research, such as genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, radiomics, and radiogenomics;
  • Extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes;
  • Precision medicine;
  • Immunotherapy including immune check point inhibitors;
  • Predictive biomarkers.

Dr. Hideki Furuya
Dr. Charles Rosser
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Personalized medicine
  • Molecular diagnosis
  • Biomarkers (early detection, grading, staging, prognosis, prediction of response to chemo- and immuno-therapies)
  • Novel therapies (gene, cell, and molecular therapy)
  • Genotype–phenotype correlation and modifier genes
  • Preclinical models (cell and tissue, organoids, animal models)
  • OMICS
  • Immunotherapy
  • Targeted therapy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 509 KiB  
Article
Utility of Contemporary Health Screening in the Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer
by Chung-Un Lee, Wan Song, Michael Jakun Koo, Youngjun Boo, Jae-Hoon Chung, Minyong Kang, Hyun-Hwan Sung, Hwang-Gyun Jeon, Byong-Chang Jeong, Seong-Il Seo, Hyun-Moo Lee, Jeongyun Jeong and SeongSoo Jeon
Diagnostics 2022, 12(5), 1040; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12051040 - 21 Apr 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1216
Abstract
Background: To evaluate the utility of contemporary health screening (HS) in the diagnosis of bladder cancer (BCa). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 279,683 individuals who underwent HS between February 1995 and April 2015. Among these individuals, 74 were diagnosed with BCa within a year [...] Read more.
Background: To evaluate the utility of contemporary health screening (HS) in the diagnosis of bladder cancer (BCa). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 279,683 individuals who underwent HS between February 1995 and April 2015. Among these individuals, 74 were diagnosed with BCa within a year after the HS and were included in the analysis. Screen-detected BCa was defined as when a referral was made to a urologist due to microscopic hematuria (MH) on urinalysis, abnormal imaging, or any urological symptoms observed at the HS. Screen-undetected BCa was defined as when no referral was made to a urologist because of no abnormality observed at the HS, but a visit to a urological outpatient clinic later was followed by a BCa diagnosis. The incidences of screen-detected BCa and BCa in the Korean population were compared. Clinicopathological characteristics were compared between the screen-detected BCa and screen-undetected BCa groups. Results: The detection rate of BCa was 17.2 per 100,000, which exceeded the 2020 estimated national crude incidence rate of 9.3 per 100,000 by approximately 1.7 times. Among the 74 patients diagnosed with BCa within a year after HS, 48 (64.9%) had screen-detected BCa. The screen-detected BCa group had a higher T stage (p = 0.009) and grade (p = 0.019) than the screen-undetected BCa group. However, the overall survival was not significantly different between the two groups (p = 0.677). A positive correlation between the MH grade and the T stage was identified (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Although HS is not focused on BCa screening, contemporary HS can contribute to the detection of BCa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Detection, Diagnosis, and Management of Bladder Cancer—Integration of Non-invasive Diagnostics into Medical Decision Making)
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9 pages, 1156 KiB  
Article
Clinical Utility of Oncuria™, a Multiplexed Liquid Biopsy for the Non-Invasive Detection of Bladder Cancer—A Pilot Study
by Kaoru Murakami, Ian Pagano, Hideki Furuya, Timothy Daskivich, Dave Mori and Charles J. Rosser
Diagnostics 2022, 12(1), 131; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12010131 - 06 Jan 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1431
Abstract
Oncuria™ is a validated quantitative multiplex immunoassay capable of detecting bladder cancer from a voided urine sample. Herein, we sought to determine whether Oncuria™ affects physicians’ use of non-invasive and invasive diagnostic tests for microhematuria, gross hematuria, and bladder cancer surveillance. We conducted [...] Read more.
Oncuria™ is a validated quantitative multiplex immunoassay capable of detecting bladder cancer from a voided urine sample. Herein, we sought to determine whether Oncuria™ affects physicians’ use of non-invasive and invasive diagnostic tests for microhematuria, gross hematuria, and bladder cancer surveillance. We conducted a survey-based study to assess physician management of nine clinical scenarios involving real-world data from patients with gross hematuria, microhematuria, and bladder cancer on surveillance. We randomly sampled 15 practicing urologists and generated data including 135 patient-by-urologist interactions and 2160 decision points. Urologists recommended a selection of diagnostic tests and procedures before and after Oncuria™ results were provided. We assessed changes in provider use of non-invasive and invasive diagnostic tests after Oncuria™ results were provided. Over 90% of all urologists changed their diagnostic behavior in at least one patient case with the addition of Oncuria™ results. The total number of diagnostic procedures was reduced by 31% following the disclosure of a negative Oncuria™ test and 27% following the disclosure of a positive Oncuria™ test. This is pilot study has the potential to shed light on the analysis of our four large multicenter international studies deploying OncuriaTM. The Oncuria™ urine-based test, a molecular diagnostic capable of ruling out the presence of bladder cancer, reduces both unnecessary invasive and non-invasive diagnostics and has the potential to reduce costs and improve patient outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Detection, Diagnosis, and Management of Bladder Cancer—Integration of Non-invasive Diagnostics into Medical Decision Making)
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Review

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23 pages, 928 KiB  
Review
Clinical Characteristics and Current Status of Treatment for Recurrent Bladder Cancer after Surgeries on Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
by Xinfeng Hu, Yufan Xue and Guodong Zhu
Diagnostics 2023, 13(5), 1004; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13051004 - 06 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3191
Abstract
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a relatively rare, but highly malignant, disease with an estimated annual incidence of 2 cases per 100,000 people. The main surgical treatment modalities for UTUC are radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with bladder cuff resection. After surgery, intravesical recurrence [...] Read more.
Upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) is a relatively rare, but highly malignant, disease with an estimated annual incidence of 2 cases per 100,000 people. The main surgical treatment modalities for UTUC are radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) with bladder cuff resection. After surgery, intravesical recurrence (IVR) can occur in up to 47% of patients, and 75% of them present with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, there are few studies focused on the diagnosis and treatment of postoperatively recurrent bladder cancer for patients with previous UTUC history (UTUC-BC), and many of the influencing factors are still controversial. In this article, we performed a narrative review of the recent literature, mainly summarizing the factors influencing postoperative IVR in patients with UTUC and discussing the subsequent prevention, monitoring, and treatment tools for it. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Detection, Diagnosis, and Management of Bladder Cancer—Integration of Non-invasive Diagnostics into Medical Decision Making)
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Other

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5 pages, 2893 KiB  
Case Report
Tuberculosis Epididymo-Orchitis Mimicking Malignancy Resulting from Intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin Immunotherapy for Bladder Cancer: A Case Report of a Rare Complication
by Liang-Wei Chiu, Li-Hsien Tsai, Po-Fan Hsieh, Wen-Chi Chen and Chao-Hsiang Chang
Diagnostics 2022, 12(11), 2663; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112663 - 02 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1645
Abstract
Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis is a rare complication of intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy for bladder cancer. We report a patient with bladder cancer and a history of intravesical BCG immunotherapy who presented with right scrotal pain for 1 week. A heterogeneous, hypoechoic, and solid [...] Read more.
Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis is a rare complication of intravesical bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy for bladder cancer. We report a patient with bladder cancer and a history of intravesical BCG immunotherapy who presented with right scrotal pain for 1 week. A heterogeneous, hypoechoic, and solid mass surrounded by increased blood flow in the right testis was seen on scrotal echogram. Urine ordinary and tuberculosis culture yielded negative results. After failure of antibiotic treatment and the inability to rule out tumor, the diagnosis was confirmed by radical orchiectomy. Acid-fast staining of pus in the tumor and tumor tissue was positive, and a pus culture was positive for Mycobacteria tuberculosis complex. Right radical orchiectomy was performed, and anti-tuberculosis treatment with rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide was given. The patient is still currently under anti-tuberculosis treatment, and no significant adverse effects have been noted. BCG-related epididymo-orchitis should be suspected in patients with a history of intravesical BCG immunotherapy if the empiric antibiotic treatment typically used to treat common epididymo-orchitis fails. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Detection, Diagnosis, and Management of Bladder Cancer—Integration of Non-invasive Diagnostics into Medical Decision Making)
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