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Diagnostics
Special Issues
Maternal–Fetal and Neonatal Diagnostics
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Maternal–Fetal and Neonatal Diagnostics

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 3179

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Elisa Bevilacqua

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Women, Children, and Public Health Sciences, IRCCS Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
Interests: prenatal diagnostics; fetal medicine; twin pregnancy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Maternal–fetal medicine has been a discipline since 1960 and it is one of the most rapidly evolving fields in medicine, especially in regard to the fetus. In this context, twin pregnancies represent a fascinating challenge in daily obstetric practice.

Antenatal fetal assessment, maternal assessment, the management of labor, and the postnatal follow-up of newborns represent major topics in this field. This Special Issue is dedicated to the study of pregnant women with chronic conditions, women at risk for pregnancy-related complications, and women with at-risk fetuses.

I am pleased to invite you to submit your works to advance the management of perinatal medicine. We welcome a diverse range of contributions, including reviews, original research articles, case reports, interesting images, and guidelines, all aiming to advance our understanding of perinatal medicine.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Elisa Bevilacqua
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • high risk pregnancy
  • twin pregnancy
  • maternal–fetal medicine
  • prenatal diagnosis

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 780 KiB  
Article
High Serum Adrenomedullin and Mid-Regional Pro-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Concentrations in Early Pregnancy Predict the Development of Gestational Hypertension
by Aleksandra Jagodzinska, Agnieszka Wsol, Agata Gondek and Agnieszka Cudnoch-Jedrzejewska
Diagnostics 2024, 14(23), 2670; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14232670 - 27 Nov 2024
Viewed by 632
Abstract
Objectives: Adrenomedullin (AM) and natriuretic peptide levels are elevated in pre-eclampsia. The aim of the present study was to determine AM and natriuretic peptide concentrations before 20 weeks of pregnancy in women who later developed gestational hypertension and in normal pregnancies. Methods: 95 [...] Read more.
Objectives: Adrenomedullin (AM) and natriuretic peptide levels are elevated in pre-eclampsia. The aim of the present study was to determine AM and natriuretic peptide concentrations before 20 weeks of pregnancy in women who later developed gestational hypertension and in normal pregnancies. Methods: 95 pregnant Caucasian women were included in the study. Gestational hypertension (GH) was diagnosed in 18 patients. The control group consisted of 41 patients with normal pregnancies (non-GH). Blood samples were taken during the first trimester of pregnancy. Results: Analysis of NT-proBNP showed no significant differences between the group of patients who later developed GH and those with normal pregnancies. Patients who developed GH later in pregnancy had higher levels of both MR-proANP (p < 0.001) and adrenomedullin (p < 0.001). Higher levels of MR-proANP were found in the GH with pre-eclampsia group compared with the GH without pre-eclampsia group. Higher levels of AM (p < 0.05) and MR-proANP (p < 0.005) correlated with the risk of preterm birth. Conclusions: (1) Plasma adrenomedullin and MR-proANP concentrations were higher before the 20th week of pregnancy in women who later developed GH; (2) NT-proBNP concentrations did not differ between women with pregnancy-induced hypertension and normal pregnancies; (3) MR-proANP concentrations were highest in patients who developed pre-eclampsia in advanced pregnancy; and (4) there was a correlation between higher plasma adrenomedullin, MR-proANP concentrations before the 20th week of pregnancy, and the risk of preterm birth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maternal–Fetal and Neonatal Diagnostics)
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Review

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45 pages, 554 KiB  
Review
Review of Precision Medicine and Diagnosis of Neonatal Illness
by Safaa ELMeneza, Naglaa Agaba, Rasha Abd El Samad Fawaz and Salwa Samir Abd Elgawad
Diagnostics 2025, 15(4), 478; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15040478 - 16 Feb 2025
Viewed by 973
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Precision medicine is a state-of-the-art medicine tactic that tailors information about people’s genes, environment, and lifestyle to aid the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various diseases to provide an overview of the currently available knowledge and applicability of precision medicine in [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Precision medicine is a state-of-the-art medicine tactic that tailors information about people’s genes, environment, and lifestyle to aid the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various diseases to provide an overview of the currently available knowledge and applicability of precision medicine in the diagnosis of different cases admitted to the NICU, such as encephalopathies, respiratory distress syndrome of prematurity, hemodynamic instability, acute kidney injury, sepsis, and hyperbilirubinemia. Methods: The authors searched databases, such as PubMed and PubMed Central, for the terms neonatal “precision medicine”, “personalized medicine”, “genomics”, and “metabolomics”, all related to precision medicine in the diagnosis of neonatal illness. The related studies were collected. Results: The review highlights the diagnostic approach that serves to implement precision medicine in the NICU and provide precision diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. Conclusions: In this review, we projected several diagnostic approaches that provide precision identification of health problems among sick neonates with complex illnesses in the NICU; some are noninvasive and available in ordinary healthcare settings, while others are invasive or not feasible or still in ongoing research as machine learning algorithms. Future studies are needed for the wide implementation of artificial intelligence tools in the diagnosis of neonatal illnesses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maternal–Fetal and Neonatal Diagnostics)
13 pages, 266 KiB  
Review
Lung Ultrasound in Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Narrative Review of the Last 10 Years
by Federico Costa, Annachiara Titolo, Mandy Ferrocino, Eleonora Biagi, Valentina Dell’Orto, Serafina Perrone and Susanna Esposito
Diagnostics 2024, 14(24), 2793; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14242793 (registering DOI) - 12 Dec 2024
Viewed by 1414
Abstract
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common and potentially life-threatening condition in preterm infants, primarily due to surfactant deficiency. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical to guide timely interventions such as surfactant administration and respiratory support. Traditionally, chest X-rays have been used [...] Read more.
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a common and potentially life-threatening condition in preterm infants, primarily due to surfactant deficiency. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical to guide timely interventions such as surfactant administration and respiratory support. Traditionally, chest X-rays have been used for diagnosis, but lung ultrasound (LUS) has gained prominence due to its non-invasive, radiation-free, and bedside applicability. Compared to chest X-rays and CT scans, LUS demonstrates superior sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing RDS, particularly in identifying surfactant need and predicting CPAP failure. Additionally, LUS offers real-time imaging without radiation exposure, an advantage over other modalities. However, its broader adoption is limited by challenges in standardizing training, ensuring diagnostic reproducibility, and validating scoring systems, especially in resource-limited settings. This narrative review aims to evaluate the role of LUS in the diagnosis and management of neonatal RDS over the past decade, focusing on its clinical utility, scoring systems, and emerging applications. We reviewed the literature from 2013 to 2023, focusing on studies evaluating LUS’ diagnostic accuracy, scoring systems, and its potential role in guiding surfactant therapy and predicting CPAP failure. Despite its benefits, addressing the variability in operator expertise and integrating artificial intelligence to enhance usability are crucial for ensuring LUS’ efficacy across diverse clinical environments. Future research should prioritize standardizing training and scoring protocols to facilitate wider implementation and optimize neonatal respiratory care outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Maternal–Fetal and Neonatal Diagnostics)
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