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New Advances in Thoracic Surgery: Clinical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis—2nd...
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New Advances in Thoracic Surgery: Clinical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis—2nd Edition

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Diagnosis and Prognosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2025 | Viewed by 1322

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Stefano Elia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy
2. Thoracic Surgery Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
Interests: thoracic surgery; lung cancer; pleural diseases; mediastinal diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The significant strides made in the last three decades in surgical techniques, medical devices, intraoperative anaesthesiological management, and postoperative patient care have affected thoracic surgery more than any other discipline. This has brought about improvements in and the implementation of thoracic surgical care in a growing number of patients who were previously excluded from surgery. The surgical outcome of most cancer diseases, even in elderly patients, has achieved astonishing results. The advent of video-assisted and robotic-assisted thoracic surgery has shortened hospital length of stay, ameliorated postoperative outcomes, and reduced the incidence of severe complications. The aim of this Special Issue is to provide readers with the most recent updates on the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of thoracic surgical diseases.   

Prof. Dr. Stefano Elia
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • thoracic surgery
  • lung cancer
  • pleural diseases
  • mediastinal malignancies
  • surgical outcome

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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26 pages, 2158 KB  
Review
Advancing Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Management Through Multi-Omics Integration: Insights from Genomics, Metabolomics, and Radiomics
by Martina Pierri, Giovanni Ciani, Maria Chiara Brunese, Gianluigi Lauro, Stefania Terracciano, Maria Iorizzi, Valerio Nardone, Maria Giovanna Chini, Giuseppe Bifulco, Salvatore Cappabianca and Alfonso Reginelli
Diagnostics 2025, 15(20), 2586; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15202586 - 14 Oct 2025
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Abstract
The integration of multi-omics technologies is transforming the landscape of cancer management, offering unprecedented insights into tumor biology, early diagnosis, and personalized therapy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of omics approaches, with a particular focus on the application [...] Read more.
The integration of multi-omics technologies is transforming the landscape of cancer management, offering unprecedented insights into tumor biology, early diagnosis, and personalized therapy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of omics approaches, with a particular focus on the application of genomics, NMR-based metabolomics, and radiomics in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Genomics currently represents one of the most established omics technologies in oncology, as it enables the identification of genetic alterations that drive tumor initiation, progression, and therapeutic response. Interestingly, genomic analyses have revealed that many tumors harbor mutations in genes encoding metabolic enzymes, thus establishing a tight connection between genomics and tumor metabolism. In parallel, metabolomics profiling—by capturing the metabolic phenotype of tumors—has, in recent years, identified specific biomarkers associated with tumor burden, progression, and prognosis. Such findings have catalyzed growing interest in metabolomics as a complementary approach to better characterize cancer biology and discover novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Moreover, radiomics, through the extraction of quantitative features from standard imaging modalities, captures tumor heterogeneity and contributes predictive information on tumor biology, treatment response, and clinical outcomes. As a non-invasive and widely available technique, radiomics has the potential to support longitudinal monitoring and individualized treatment planning. Both metabolomics and radiomics, when integrated with genomic data, could support a more comprehensive understanding of NSCLC and pave the way for the development of non-invasive, predictive models and personalized therapeutic strategies. In addition, we explore the specific contributions of these technologies in enhancing clinical decision-making for lung cancer patients, with particular attention to their potential in early diagnosis, treatment selection, and real-time monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Thoracic Surgery: Clinical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis—2nd Edition)
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7 pages, 934 KB  
Case Report
First Experiences with Ultrasound-Guided Transthoracic Needle Biopsy of Small Pulmonary Nodules Using One-Lung Flooding: A Brief Report
by Thomas Lesser, Christian König, Seyed Masoud Mireskandari, Uwe Will, Frank Wolfram and Julia Gohlke
Diagnostics 2025, 15(18), 2374; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics15182374 - 18 Sep 2025
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Abstract
Introduction: Non-surgical biopsy is recommended for diagnosing solid pulmonary nodules measuring >8 mm when the probability of malignancy is low to moderate. However, currently available biopsy methods do not have a sufficient diagnostic yield for nodule size <20 mm. Previous work has shown [...] Read more.
Introduction: Non-surgical biopsy is recommended for diagnosing solid pulmonary nodules measuring >8 mm when the probability of malignancy is low to moderate. However, currently available biopsy methods do not have a sufficient diagnostic yield for nodule size <20 mm. Previous work has shown that one-lung flooding (OLF) enables complete lung sonography and good demarcation of lung nodules. Therefore, here, we report the first experiences with ultrasound-guided transthoracic core needle biopsy (USgTTcNB) under OLF for the histological diagnosis of small pulmonary nodules. Methods: In two patients with small pulmonary nodules, a transbronchial/thoracic biopsy was not indicated due to the size and location of the nodules. Following nodule detection under OLF, the USgTTcNB was performed. The biopsy cylinder was immediately examined via the frozen section procedure. After liquid draining and re-ventilation, the patients were extubated in the operation room and monitored in the intermediate care unit. Results: In both patients, a histological diagnosis was achieved. In the case of malignancy, the patient underwent lobectomy during the same session. In the case of a benign diagnosis, a futile operation was avoided. In case two, a small apical pneumothorax occurred. The hemodynamic values during and after the intervention were in the normal range. Lung function on day 2 after the intervention increased compared with that before the intervention. Conclusions: USgTTcNB under OLF is feasible and enables a histological confirmation of small pulmonary nodules. Nevertheless, this new promising technique should be evaluated in a study with a larger cohort. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Advances in Thoracic Surgery: Clinical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis—2nd Edition)
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