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Diagnostics
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Innovations in Laboratory Hematology and Flow Cytometry
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Innovations in Laboratory Hematology and Flow Cytometry

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 10289

Special Issue Editor

Dr. John L. Frater

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
Interests: hematology; automated hematology; flow cytometry; hematopathology; evidence-based medicine

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Laboratory hematology testing is a routine feature of the practice of clinical medicine.  The complete blood count (CBC), for example, is the most commonly ordered test in the clinical laboratory.  Advances in technology have been applied to clinical hematology testing, and current test menus offer a broad spectrum of test types that are reliable, inexpensive, and can be resulted in a short time frame.  Examples of these technological improvements include 1) the use of image analysis to facilitate review of abnormal blood cells; 2) the expanded CBC, which is part of many contemporary platforms and generates a variety of routine and research parameters; and 3) the application of information technology to facilitate the reporting of test results.

In addition to the enhancements in technology that result in better performance characteristics for hematology testing, the medical community has developed innovative uses for laboratory hematology data to improve patient care.  Examples from the vast number of clinical applications of this information include:

  1. The use of CBC parameters, including data derived from the expanded CBC, as novel biomarkers useful for risk stratification in many solid tumor and hematologic malignancy types.
  2. The use of serial CBC and other clinical laboratory data in machine learning algorithms applied to infectious disease states including sepsis and COVID-19 disease to predict the outcome and risk of severe disease.
  3. The use of newly available flow cytometry systems to facilitate the rapid screening of specimens and for assessment of minimal residual disease in a variety of hematologic malignancies.

This special issue of Diagnostics welcomes primary studies and reviews that address innovations in hematology laboratory testing and flow cytometry technology and their potential clinical applications. The aim of this Special Issue is to examine in detail the often underappreciated information originating from the clinical hematology laboratory.

Dr. John L. Frater
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Automated hematology
  • Complete blood count
  • Expanded complete blood count
  • Flow cytometry
  • Evidence-based medicine in laboratory hematology
  • Image analysis in laboratory hematology
  • Machine learning in laboratory hematology

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1227 KiB  
Article
Multiple Myeloma Immunophenotype Related to Chromosomal Abnormalities Used in Risk Assessment
by Mantas Radzevičius, Vaidas Dirsė, Indrė Klimienė, Rėda Matuzevičienė, Zita Aušrelė Kučinskienė and Valdas Pečeliūnas
Diagnostics 2022, 12(9), 2049; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12092049 - 24 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1341
Abstract
(1) Background: At diagnosis, multiplemyeloma risk estimation includes disease burden, end-organ damage, and biomarkers, with increasing emphasis on genetic abnormalities. Multicolor flow cytometry (MFC) is not always considered in risk estimation. We demonstrate associations found between genetic abnormalities and antigen expression of plasma [...] Read more.
(1) Background: At diagnosis, multiplemyeloma risk estimation includes disease burden, end-organ damage, and biomarkers, with increasing emphasis on genetic abnormalities. Multicolor flow cytometry (MFC) is not always considered in risk estimation. We demonstrate associations found between genetic abnormalities and antigen expression of plasma cells measured by MFC. (2) Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphism microarray (SNP-A) karyotyping as well as MFC using standardized next-generation flow (NGF) panels and instrument settings were performed from bone marrow aspirates at the time of diagnosis. (3) Results: We uncovered specific immunophenotype features related to different genetic risk factors. Specifically, we found higher malignant/normal plasma cell ratio and lower expression of CD27, CD38, CD45, CD56, CD117 and CD138 in higher-risk genetic groups or risk categories. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Laboratory Hematology and Flow Cytometry)
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13 pages, 1629 KiB  
Article
Development of an Automated Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay for Measuring Thrombopoietin in Human Plasma
by Yukihiro Nishikawa, Shiyo Nishida, Keiko Kuroda, Hirokazu Kashiwagi, Yoshiaki Tomiyama and Masataka Kuwana
Diagnostics 2022, 12(2), 313; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12020313 - 26 Jan 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3916
Abstract
Plasma thrombopoietin (TPO) measurements help distinguish between different types of thrombocytopenia but are not feasible in routine clinical practice. We developed a fully automated quantitative chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) for measuring TPO (TPO-CLEIA), which is a one-step sandwich-type assay. This assay utilizes a [...] Read more.
Plasma thrombopoietin (TPO) measurements help distinguish between different types of thrombocytopenia but are not feasible in routine clinical practice. We developed a fully automated quantitative chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (CLEIA) for measuring TPO (TPO-CLEIA), which is a one-step sandwich-type assay. This assay utilizes a mouse monoclonal capture antibody, which has the neutralizing epitope of the interaction between TPO and the TPO receptor, and a newly generated rabbit monoclonal detector antibody. In analytical performance studies, this assay showed good linearity over the measuring range and high sensitivity. The limit of quantification (LoQ) of this assay was 3.4 pg/mL; low TPO concentration values of almost all healthy individuals exceeded the LoQ value. In clinical validation studies, TPO levels obtained from patients with aplastic anemia (AA) significantly increased, whereas those of patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) were normal or slightly increased. The cutoff value for TPO-CLEIA corresponding to the previously reported values was useful for distinguishing between ITP and AA. These results suggest that TPO-CLEIA can quantify human plasma TPO levels with high accuracy and sensitivity and has the potential to facilitate routine clinical measurement of TPO in patients with various types of thrombocytopenia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Laboratory Hematology and Flow Cytometry)
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Review

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17 pages, 1684 KiB  
Review
TEG® and ROTEM® Traces: Clinical Applications of Viscoelastic Coagulation Monitoring in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
by Giulia Cannata, Elena Mariotti Zani, Alberto Argentiero, Caterina Caminiti, Serafina Perrone and Susanna Esposito
Diagnostics 2021, 11(9), 1642; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics11091642 - 07 Sep 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2945
Abstract
The concentration of the majority of hemostatic proteins differs considerably in early life, especially in neonates compared to adulthood. Knowledge of the concept of developmental hemostasis is an essential prerequisite for the proper interpretation of conventional coagulation tests (CCT) and is critical to [...] Read more.
The concentration of the majority of hemostatic proteins differs considerably in early life, especially in neonates compared to adulthood. Knowledge of the concept of developmental hemostasis is an essential prerequisite for the proper interpretation of conventional coagulation tests (CCT) and is critical to ensure the optimal diagnosis and treatment of hemorrhagic and thrombotic diseases in neonatal age. Viscoelastic tests (VETs) provide a point-of-care, real-time, global, and dynamic assessment of the mechanical properties of the coagulation system with the examination of both cellular and plasma protein contributions to the initiation, formation, and lysis of clots. In this work, we provide a narrative review of the basic principles of VETs and summarize current evidence regarding the two most studied point-of-care VETs, thromboelastography (TEG®) and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM®), in the field of neonatal care. A literature analysis shows that viscoelastic hemostatic monitoring appears to be a useful additive technique to CCT, allowing targeted therapy to be delivered quickly. These tools may allow researchers to determine the neonatal coagulation profile and detect neonatal patients at risk for postoperative bleeding, coagulation abnormalities in neonatal sepsis, and other bleeding events in a timely manner, guiding transfusion therapies using the goal-oriented transfusion algorithm. However, diagnosis and treatment algorithms incorporating VETs for neonatal patients in a variety of clinical situations should be developed and applied to improve clinical outcomes. Further studies should be performed to make routinary diagnostic and therapeutic application possible for the neonatal population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Laboratory Hematology and Flow Cytometry)
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Other

Jump to: Research, Review

3 pages, 192 KiB  
Comment
Complete Blood Cell Count-Derived Biomarkers and Clinical Studies: Is It Time for New Reporting Criteria? Comment on Anand et al. Utility of Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) as a Noninvasive Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 5222 Cases. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 1011
by John L. Frater and M. Yadira Hurley
Diagnostics 2022, 12(10), 2329; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102329 - 27 Sep 2022
Viewed by 900
Abstract
We read with great interest the article entitled “Utility of Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) as a Noninvasive Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 5222 Cases” by S. Anand et al. which has been recently published [...] Read more.
We read with great interest the article entitled “Utility of Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW) as a Noninvasive Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Acute Appendicitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 5222 Cases” by S. Anand et al. which has been recently published in Diagnostics [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Laboratory Hematology and Flow Cytometry)
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