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Diagnostics
Special Issues
Respiratory Tract Infections: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Management
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Respiratory Tract Infections: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Management

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (21 July 2023) | Viewed by 1442

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Orienka Hellferscee

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
2. School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Interests: respiratory viruses; emerging zoonotic diseases; molecular epidemiology; One Health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Acute respiratory infections remain a major cause of death globally, despite the use of interventions such as antimicrobial drugs and vaccinations against pneumonia-causing pathogens. Mild respiratory infections are also responsible for a substantial burden on healthcare systems. This high burden lends support to initiatives to accelerate the development of specific preventative interventions such as vaccination and expanded use of vaccinations (if available).

The aim of this Special Issue is to gather and showcase the most recent developments in the areas of respiratory tract infections in the form of original research articles and reviews. Research areas may include (but are not limited) to the following: pathogenesis, diagnosis, management, burden of disease, risk groups, impact and effectiveness of interventions, epidemiology and clinical development of interventions.

Dr. Orienka Hellferscee
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • respiratory tract infection
  • pneumonia
  • pathogenesis
  • diagnosis
  • management
  • disease burden

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 3247 KiB  
Article
Human Parainfluenza Virus (HPIV) Detection in Hospitalized Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in the Western Cape, South Africa during 2014–2022 Reveals a Shift in Dominance of HPIV 3 and 4 Infections
by Jane Parsons, Stephen Korsman, Heidi Smuts, Nei-Yuan Hsiao, Ziyaad Valley-Omar, Tathym Gelderbloem and Diana Hardie
Diagnostics 2023, 13(15), 2576; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13152576 - 02 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1226
Abstract
The epidemiology of human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV), particularly its role as a cause of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in infants, has not been formally studied in South Africa. We evaluated HPIV prevalence in diagnostic samples from hospitalized children from public sector hospitals in [...] Read more.
The epidemiology of human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV), particularly its role as a cause of acute respiratory infection (ARI) in infants, has not been formally studied in South Africa. We evaluated HPIV prevalence in diagnostic samples from hospitalized children from public sector hospitals in the Western Cape between 2014 and 2022. HPIV infection was detected in 2–10% of patients, with the majority of infections detected in children less than 1 year of age. Prior to 2020, HPIV 4 (40%) and HPIV 3 (34%) were the most prevalent types, with seasonal peaks in late winter/spring for HPIV 3 and autumn/winter for HPIV 4. HPIV 4A and 4B co-circulated during the seasonal activity between 2014 and 2017. Pandemic restrictions in 2020 had a profound effect on HPIV circulation and the rebound was dominated by waves of HPIV 3, accounting for 66% of detections and a sustained decline in the circulation of HPIV 1, 2 and 4. An immunity gap could account for the surge in HPIV 3 infections, but the decline in prior HPIV 4 dominance is unexplained and requires further study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Respiratory Tract Infections: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Management)
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