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Dentistry Journal
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Bone Augmentation in Dentistry
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Bone Augmentation in Dentistry

A special issue of Dentistry Journal (ISSN 2304-6767).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 December 2025) | Viewed by 17895

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Daniele Botticelli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
ARDEC Academy, Viale Giovanni Pascoli 67, 47923 Rimini, Italy
Interests: dental implant; oral surgery; sinus floor elevation; bone volume augmentation; histology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is a pleasure to invite you to submit manuscripts to the forthcoming Special Issue, “Bone Augmentation in Dentistry”.

In daily clinical practice, we must deal with people with insufficient alveolar ridge volumes who wish to receive an implant. Therefore, we are forced to use regenerative techniques to increase the bone volume. In this Special Issue, we aim to include articles presenting innovative techniques that can prevent the excessive bone resorption of the alveolar ridge after tooth extraction, or that can regenerate lost bone volume via regeneration performed before or during dental implant placement.

As a member of the Dentistry Editorial Board, I invite you to submit a high-quality article on this topic. I thank you in advance and wish you the best.

Dr. Daniele Botticelli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Dentistry Journal is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2000 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sinus floor elevation
  • lateral augmentation
  • vertical augmentation
  • socket preservation
  • alveolar ridge preservation
  • bone regeneration
  • membrane
  • bone regeneration
  • graft
  • biomaterial

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2628 KB  
Article
Guided Alveolar Ridge Preservation (G-ARP) Using a Cortical Lamina: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
by Giacomo Mainetti, Franco Bengazi, Tomaso Mainetti, Karol Alí Apaza Alccayhuaman, Andrea Grassi, Eddy Troya Borges and Daniele Botticelli
Dent. J. 2026, 14(4), 193; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj14040193 - 24 Mar 2026
Viewed by 234
Abstract
Background/Obectives: Alveolar bone resorption after tooth extraction compromises esthetics and implant placement. Conventional alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) relies on grafting. This randomized controlled study evaluated a graft-free, lamina-based approach aimed at preserving ridge morphology by protecting the buccal cortical plate. Methods: Forty alveoli [...] Read more.
Background/Obectives: Alveolar bone resorption after tooth extraction compromises esthetics and implant placement. Conventional alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) relies on grafting. This randomized controlled study evaluated a graft-free, lamina-based approach aimed at preserving ridge morphology by protecting the buccal cortical plate. Methods: Forty alveoli were randomly assigned to Guided Alveolar Ridge Preservation (G-ARP) with a subperiosteally positioned cortical lamina (test) or unassisted healing (control; CTRL). Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed before extraction and after five months. Vertical and horizontal dimensional changes were statistically compared. Results: Healing was uneventful. At five months, the G-ARP group showed a vertical gain of 0.5 mm and a horizontal reduction of 0.2 mm, whereas the CTRL group exhibited a vertical loss of 1.7 mm (p < 0.01) and a horizontal loss of 2.7 mm (p < 0.001). Effect sizes were large for vertical change and very large for horizontal change (Hedges’ g = 0.95 and 2.19, respectively). Regeneration occurred through native bone formation without grafts. Conclusions: Subperiosteal placement of a cortical lamina effectively preserved ridge dimensions after extraction. This graft-free approach may offer technical and biological advantages while supporting new bone regeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Augmentation in Dentistry)
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14 pages, 3484 KB  
Article
Clinical and Histological Assessment of Knife-Edge Thread Implant Stability After Ridge Preservation Using Hydroxyapatite and Sugar Cross-Linked Collagen: Preliminary Report
by Lidija Veljkovic, Miljana Nedeljkovic, Gvozden Rosic, Dragica Selakovic, Nemanja Jovicic, Momir Stevanovic, Jovana Milanovic, Aleksandra Arnaut, Milica Vasiljevic and Pavle Milanovic
Dent. J. 2025, 13(12), 585; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13120585 - 8 Dec 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 694
Abstract
Background: Primary stability of dental implants depends on bone quality, bone quantity, and implant design. In cases of large defects, such as periapical lesions, the selection of an appropriate alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) material is crucial for bone regeneration and preparation for [...] Read more.
Background: Primary stability of dental implants depends on bone quality, bone quantity, and implant design. In cases of large defects, such as periapical lesions, the selection of an appropriate alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) material is crucial for bone regeneration and preparation for implant placement. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical and histological outcomes of a novel ARP material hydroxyapatite and sugar cross-linked collagen (HSCC) combined with a knife-edge thread implant (KTI) design. Methods: Thirty patients were divided into two groups: a control group treated with KTI after spontaneous alveolar ridge healing, and an experimental group that underwent ARP using HSCC, and six months later, KTIs were placed in newly formed bone. Clinical parameters including insertion torque value (ITV), resonance frequency analysis (RFA), implant stability quotient (ISQ), and horizontal bone dimension were evaluated. Histological analysis was also performed. Results: No significant differences were observed between groups in ITV, ISQ, or horizontal bone dimension (p > 0.05). However, histological analysis demonstrated a significantly higher number of active osteoblasts in the ARP group compared to the control (p < 0.001), whereas collagen deposition was significantly greater in the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusions: ARP using HSCC, combined with KTI, provides favorable conditions for primary stability and successful graft integration, supporting reliable implant placement in sites with bone defects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Augmentation in Dentistry)
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Graphical abstract

12 pages, 1509 KB  
Article
Effect of a Recombinant Human Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (rhFGF-2)-Impregnated Atelocollagen Sponge on Vertical Guided Bone Regeneration in a Rat Calvarial Model
by Keisuke Kogure, Akira Hasuike, Risa Kurachi, Yasuyuki Igarashi, Masataka Idesawa and Shuichi Sato
Dent. J. 2025, 13(4), 177; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj13040177 - 20 Apr 2025
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1547
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Achieving a sufficient volume of augmented bone, particularly for vertical bone regeneration, remains challenging. This study investigated the use of basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) to promote bone augmentation beyond the skeletal envelope in the rat calvarium. Methods: Seven [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Achieving a sufficient volume of augmented bone, particularly for vertical bone regeneration, remains challenging. This study investigated the use of basic fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) to promote bone augmentation beyond the skeletal envelope in the rat calvarium. Methods: Seven rats were included in the study, with bilateral experimental sites in the calvarium. Two plastic caps were placed in the calvarium, containing either 0.3% FGF-2 with an atelocollagen sponge or an atelocollagen sponge alone as a control. Bone augmentation within the plastic caps was evaluated using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scans and histological sections. Micro-CT measurements, including bone volume measurements, were obtained at 1 week to 12 weeks after surgery. At 12 weeks, the area and height of the newly formed bone were evaluated using histological sections. Results: Starting at 8 weeks after surgery, the volume of the newly formed bone in the 0.3% FGF-2 group was significantly greater than that in the control group. At 12 weeks, histomorphometric analyses revealed that the area and height of the newly augmented bone were 35.6% and 41.9%, respectively, in the FGF-2 group, compared with 9.1% and 13.4%, respectively, in the control group. Conclusions: The inclusion of 0.3% FGF-2 in atelocollagen sponge enhanced vertical bone augmentation beyond the skeletal envelope in the rat calvarium. These findings have potential applications for improving bone regeneration outcomes in dental implant procedures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Augmentation in Dentistry)
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Review

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21 pages, 659 KB  
Review
Polydeoxyribonucleotides Pre-Clinical Findings in Bone Healing: A Scoping Review
by Mattia Manfredini, Pier Paolo Poli, Mario Beretta, Matteo Pellegrini, Federica Eugenia Salina and Carlo Maiorana
Dent. J. 2023, 11(12), 280; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj11120280 - 4 Dec 2023
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 7991
Abstract
Aim: Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is a chain-like polymer derived from DNA. Recent in vitro and animal studies have showcased the beneficial impacts of PDRN on the process of bone mending, whether used on its own or in conjunction with other substances that aid in [...] Read more.
Aim: Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) is a chain-like polymer derived from DNA. Recent in vitro and animal studies have showcased the beneficial impacts of PDRN on the process of bone mending, whether used on its own or in conjunction with other substances that aid in regeneration. This scoping review aims to synthesize the current understanding of how PDRNs influence bone healing. Materials and Methods: The studies included in the screening procedure were randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs), both retrospective and prospective case–control studies, as well as in vitro and in vivo investigations. Articles were sourced from PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar electronic databases using the following MeSH terms: (polydeoxyribonucleotide) and (bone) and (regeneration). Results: Initially, 228 articles were identified. Following the review process, a total of eight studies were ultimately examined. Among these, two were confined to laboratory studies, five were conducted on living organisms, and one encompassed both evaluations on living organisms and in vitro assessments. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed to present the data extracted from the studies that were included. Conclusions: PDRN has the potential to enhance the process of bone healing and the quantity of newly generated bone when combined with grafting materials. Future clinical studies are warranted to ascertain the appropriate clinical application of PDRN based on the dosage under consideration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Augmentation in Dentistry)
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Other

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14 pages, 758 KB  
Systematic Review
Hyaluronic Acid and β-Tricalcium Phosphate in Periodontal Pocket Therapy and Alveolar Bone Augmentation: A Systematic Review
by Andrea Bors, Liana Beresescu and Felicia Gabriela Beresescu
Dent. J. 2026, 14(2), 97; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj14020097 - 10 Feb 2026
Viewed by 588
Abstract
Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) are widely used biomaterials in periodontal and alveolar regeneration; however, their complementary biological roles across soft- and hard-tissue healing have not been jointly assessed in a single review. Objective: to systematically evaluate clinical and translational [...] Read more.
Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) are widely used biomaterials in periodontal and alveolar regeneration; however, their complementary biological roles across soft- and hard-tissue healing have not been jointly assessed in a single review. Objective: to systematically evaluate clinical and translational evidence regarding the adjunctive use of HA in periodontal therapy and the regenerative performance of β-TCP in alveolar bone reconstruction. Methods: A systematic search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, and Embase for studies published between 1 January 2015 and 1 October 2025. Randomized and non-randomized clinical studies evaluating HA as an adjunct to periodontal therapy and β-TCP in ridge preservation or augmentation were included. In vitro studies were considered when providing mechanistic insight relevant to clinical outcomes. Screening, data extraction, and qualitative synthesis were performed according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Results: Database searching identified 312 records. After removal of duplicates, 241 records were screened, of which 179 were excluded. Sixty-two full-text articles were assessed for eligibility, and twenty studies met the inclusion criteria (twelve clinical; eight in vitro). Across non-surgical periodontal therapy trials, adjunctive HA demonstrated modest but consistent additional improvements in probing depth reduction (~0.8–1.5 mm) and clinical attachment gain (~0.5–1.2 mm) compared with mechanical therapy alone, particularly in deeper defects and systemically compromised patients. Clinical studies on β-TCP reported predictable dimensional bone preservation and stable implant feasibility, supported by histologic evidence of scaffold-guided new bone formation. In vitro findings indicated that HA modulates biofilm-induced inflammation and supports fibroblast and epithelial cell function, whereas β-TCP promotes osteoblast activity and controlled osteoclast-mediated remodeling. Conclusions: HA and β-TCP demonstrate complementary regenerative roles, with HA primarily enhancing soft-tissue resolution and inflammatory modulation and β-TCP providing osteoconductive structural support for bone regeneration. Current evidence supports their selective integration in personalized regenerative approaches; however, standardized outcome reporting and longer-term trials are required to establish the clinical value of sequential or combined application. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Augmentation in Dentistry)
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14 pages, 4665 KB  
Systematic Review
Tunnel Technique in Bone Augmentation Procedures for Dental Implant Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review
by Stefano Sivolella, Giulia Brunello, Dario Azeglio Castagna, Francesco Cavallin and Ugo Consolo
Dent. J. 2024, 12(12), 405; https://doi.org/10.3390/dj12120405 - 11 Dec 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 5435
Abstract
Background/Objectives: This systematic review aimed to compare the tunnel technique for pre-implant bone regeneration with traditional flap techniques also involving a crestal incision, in terms of procedure success, graft healing, postoperative course, patient satisfaction, and implant follow-up. Methods: A systematic search [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: This systematic review aimed to compare the tunnel technique for pre-implant bone regeneration with traditional flap techniques also involving a crestal incision, in terms of procedure success, graft healing, postoperative course, patient satisfaction, and implant follow-up. Methods: A systematic search was conducted on MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials following PRISMA guidelines, searching for comparative prospective and retrospective studies in English, published between January 2002 and April 2024. The population of interest consisted of patients with edentulous ridge atrophy requiring pre-implant bone regeneration. The primary outcome was the success of the procedure. The secondary outcomes included complications, patient comfort, graft resorption, bone gain, primary implant stability, implant success/survival, peri-implant bone level change, and operative time. The risk of bias was assessed using RoB2 and ROBINS-I. Results: The search and selection process yielded one randomized controlled trial and three comparative observational studies, all with serious/high risk of bias. A narrative synthesis was conducted due to the small number of studies and the heterogeneity in key features. The tunnel technique might provide some advantages in terms of the success of the procedure, but the findings were not statistically significant. Conflicting findings or non-significant differences were reported in terms of the secondary outcomes. Conclusions: This review suggested some potential advantages of the tunnel technique for bone augmentation over traditional techniques involving a crestal incision, but the limited quality and amount of data precluded any definitive conclusions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bone Augmentation in Dentistry)
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