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Coatings
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Industrial Coatings: Applications and Developments
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Industrial Coatings: Applications and Developments

A special issue of Coatings (ISSN 2079-6412). This special issue belongs to the section "Surface Characterization, Deposition and Modification".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2021) | Viewed by 25062

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Dimitrios Z. Chaliampalias

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Advanced Materials and Devices Laboratory (AMDE Lab), Department of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124, Greece
Interests: protective coatings; hard/superhard coatings; powder coatings; composite coatings; nanostructured coatings; thermoelectric silicide materials; chemical vapor deposition; thermal spray; pack cementation; cathodic arc deposition; electrodeposition; high-temperature oxidation; marine corrosion; electrochemical corrosion; thermogarvimeric measurements; microhardness; wear of materials; X-ray analysis (XRD); X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); scanning electron microscopy.

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The journal Coatings will publish a Special Issue on "Industrial Coatings: Applications and Developments" during 2020. The main focus of this Special Issue is cutting-edge coatings, for protection against corrosion and for surface modification. The objectives of the issue will focus on deposition procedures, which can be incorporated at an industrial scale, and on the properties of coatings, and potential candidates for mechanical and structural applications. The coating technology is widely applied for surface modification of a great range of materials in order to promote their properties such as anticorrosion protection, surface hardness, thermal insulation, etc. Thus, the aim of this Special Issue is to present the latest applications and developments in the field of functional coatings, through a combination of original research papers and reviews from research groups around the world. The results are expected to expand the horizons of the coating industry.

In particular, the topics of interest include, but are not limited to the following:

  • Protective coatings
  • Coatings for surface hardening
  • Smart coatings
  • Powder coatings
  • Composite coatings
  • Novel coating materials
  • Coating procedures and methods
  • Coating testing

Dr. Dimitrios Z. Chaliampalias
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Coatings is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 3496 KiB  
Article
Effect of the Post-Deposition Thermal Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of a Compositionally Modulated CrAlSiN-AlSiN Coating
by Lilyana Kolaklieva, Roumen Kakanakov, Daniela Kovacheva, Vasiliy Chitanov, Tetyana Cholakova, Christo Bahchedjiev and Stefan Kolchev
Coatings 2021, 11(11), 1311; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111311 - 28 Oct 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2344
Abstract
A CrAlSiN-AlSiN coating with periodically modulated composition was investigated regarding dependence of the mechanical properties and toughness, morphology, composition, and structure on thermal treatment in the interval of 600–900 °C in argon ambience. The coating exhibited superhardness and high toughness up to 800 [...] Read more.
A CrAlSiN-AlSiN coating with periodically modulated composition was investigated regarding dependence of the mechanical properties and toughness, morphology, composition, and structure on thermal treatment in the interval of 600–900 °C in argon ambience. The coating exhibited superhardness and high toughness up to 800 °C. A very slight decrease in the nanohardness, resistance to elastic strain to failure, and plastic deformation were observed. The coating had enhanced elastic recovery stable up to 700 °C. It was found that the coating morphology was not substantially influenced by the thermal treatment. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the modulated coating had a nanocomposite structure, which did not change after annealing, even at 900 °C. The grains were composed mainly of fcc-CrN and h-AlN phases embedded into an amorphous Si3N4 matrix. A small amount of an h-Cr2N phase appeared after heating at temperatures above 700 °C. The coating composition was examined by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The coating was stoichiometric up to 800 °C. It became sub-stoichiometric with respect to nitrogen after annealing at 800 °C and 900 °C. It is thus concluded that the CrAlSiN-AlSiN coating with a periodically modulated structure keeps the combination of superhardness (45.3 GPa) and improved toughness (H3/E*2 = 0.362 GPa, elastic recovery 57%) at temperatures up to 800 °C, and is suitable for high thermal applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial Coatings: Applications and Developments)
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16 pages, 9012 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Possibility of Using New Types of Protective Coatings and Abrasion-Resistant Linings under the Operating Conditions of the Spiral Classifier at KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. Ore Concentration Plant
by Marcin Czekajło, Krzysztof Zakowski, Stefan Krakowiak and Sławomir Kierepa
Coatings 2021, 11(9), 1138; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11091138 - 19 Sep 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3201
Abstract
A study was carried out to select the appropriate coatings for corrosion protection of the spiral classifier working at KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. Ore Concentration Plant. The abrasion resistance of selected protective coatings and wear-resistant linings was investigated using a DT-523 rotary abrasion [...] Read more.
A study was carried out to select the appropriate coatings for corrosion protection of the spiral classifier working at KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. Ore Concentration Plant. The abrasion resistance of selected protective coatings and wear-resistant linings was investigated using a DT-523 rotary abrasion tester with Taber CS-10 rubber abrasive discs. The average weight loss of the coatings after a cycle of 2000 revolutions was determined. Tests of protective coatings using the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique were carried out to determine the suitability of coatings in the highly saline environment of the aqueous suspension of ground copper ore. During the measurements, changes in resistance, polarising current and capacitance were determined as a function of time for the tested coatings. The linings selected on the basis of laboratory tests were also tested under industrial conditions. Their degrees of wear were characterised. The results obtained indicated the highest abrasion resistance of materials from the polyolefin group (polyethylenes), where the average weight loss did not exceed 5 g/dm2. In the case of protective coatings, the highest durability was demonstrated by coatings with additives of ceramic aggregates, phenol-epoxy, and an elastomeric coating based on polyurea, whose average weight loss during the test cycle did not exceed 19 g/dm2. EIS measurements showed that the tested coatings were resistant to the aggressive environment of the feedstock. Tests under cathodic polarisation conditions of the samples at a potential below the protection potential showed that they were resistant to a highly saline environment and were also resistant to its alkalinisation resulting from the application of cathodic protection, which will be used to protect the classifier together with protective coatings. Tests carried out under industrial conditions using wear-resistant linings made of plastics have made it possible to analyse the mechanism and degree of wear of the various materials during the operation of the classifier. Measurements of lining wear were made in relation to baseline volumes. Polyurethane, a polymer lining based on MDI and PTMG, and those made of ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene with anti-stick additives showed the lowest wear rates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial Coatings: Applications and Developments)
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14 pages, 3633 KiB  
Article
Investigation of the Protection Performance of Mg and Al Coated Copper in High Temperature or Marine Environments
by Dimitrios Stathokostopoulos, Christos A. Vogiatzis, Konstantinos Chrissafis, Stefanos Skolianos, George Vourlias and Dimitrios Chaliampalias
Coatings 2021, 11(3), 337; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11030337 - 16 Mar 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3241
Abstract
Copper is commonly used in many applications such as electric wires, industrial machinery, boat propellers and heat exchangers. Although Cu is resistant to corrosion in ambient conditions, it is highly susceptible when exposed to harsh environments such as high-temperature air or marine atmospheres. [...] Read more.
Copper is commonly used in many applications such as electric wires, industrial machinery, boat propellers and heat exchangers. Although Cu is resistant to corrosion in ambient conditions, it is highly susceptible when exposed to harsh environments such as high-temperature air or marine atmospheres. The application of magnesium or aluminum coatings on Cu can efficiently smooth this disadvantage without affecting its primer properties. In the herein investigation, the deposition of these coatings was accomplished by pack cementation, a simple electrochemical technique which can be easily incorporated in the industrial scale. The final coatings were tested under high temperature environments by non-isothermal (dynamic) and isothermal thermogravimetric measurements, and in artificial sea water (3.5 wt.%-NaCl) by electrochemical corrosion. The structure of both coatings was compact with elevated thickness. The oxidation and corrosion measurements revealed that the coated samples had much better performance compared to the uncoated copper coupons. Furthermore, Al coatings were found to have the best performance when exposed in high temperature environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial Coatings: Applications and Developments)
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14 pages, 7299 KiB  
Article
Application of X-rays Diffraction for Identifying Thin Oxide Surface Layers on Zinc Coatings
by George Vourlias
Coatings 2020, 10(10), 1005; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10101005 - 20 Oct 2020
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 9795
Abstract
Structural characterization of compound material coatings is usually achieved using time-consuming and destructive techniques such as optical and electrical microscopy, which require the use of grinding processes not always compatible with the material. This paper reports on the effective use of a theoretical [...] Read more.
Structural characterization of compound material coatings is usually achieved using time-consuming and destructive techniques such as optical and electrical microscopy, which require the use of grinding processes not always compatible with the material. This paper reports on the effective use of a theoretical model based on X-ray diffraction to calculate the thickness and composition of thin oxide films formed on the surface of zinc coatings. Zinc coatings are widely used in industrial application as protective layers against the atmospheric corrosion of steel substrates. The thickness of single- and multi-layer coatings is estimated using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and various incidence angles. The coatings were grown using hot-dip, pack cementation and thermal spray techniques, and their experimental characteristics were compared to the theoretically predicted values of thickness and composition. The results indicate the formation of a thin zinc oxide film on top of each coating, which acts as an isolation layer and protects the surface of the sample against the environmental corrosion. Finally, the penetration depth of the X-rays into the zinc-based coatings for grazing incidence and Bragg–Brentano X-ray diffraction geometries were calculated using theoretical equations and experimentally confirmed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial Coatings: Applications and Developments)
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11 pages, 3136 KiB  
Article
Reactivity and Curing Efficiency of Isocyanate Cross-Linkers with Imidazole-Based Blocking Agents for Low-Temperature Curing of Automotive Clearcoats
by Moonhyun Choi, Maeng Gi Kim, Kevin Injoe Jung, Tae Hee Lee, Miran Ha, Woochan Hyung, Hyun Wook Jung and Seung Man Noh
Coatings 2020, 10(10), 974; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10100974 - 13 Oct 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5182
Abstract
For the application of low-temperature curing on automotive clearcoats, isocyanate cross-linkers blocked with imidazole derivatives were newly synthesized. The effect of the alkyl groups in the imidazole derivatives on the deblocking behavior and curing kinetics was investigated. The free isocyanate groups exposed by [...] Read more.
For the application of low-temperature curing on automotive clearcoats, isocyanate cross-linkers blocked with imidazole derivatives were newly synthesized. The effect of the alkyl groups in the imidazole derivatives on the deblocking behavior and curing kinetics was investigated. The free isocyanate groups exposed by the deblocking of imidazole-based blocking agents were monitored by real-time Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The bond dissociation energy, activation energy of deblocking, and H–N distance were interpreted through density functional theory simulation of various imidazole-based blocked isocyanates. To evaluate their applicability to automotive clearcoats, the synthesized imidazole-based blocked isocyanates were mixed with a polyol binder containing hydroxyl groups, and the clearcoat samples were cured at relatively low curing temperatures (100, 110, and 120 °C). The real-time storage modulus was measured using a rotational rheometer to elucidate the thermal curing dynamics by the blocking agents. In addition, the surface hardness of the cured clearcoat layers, which is affected by the chemical structure of the imidazole derivatives, was evaluated by nanoindentation test. In-depth analyses of the deblocking behaviors and thermal curing properties of clearcoats using imidazole-based blocked isocyanates demonstrated that the newly developed coating system could be suitably applied for the development of low-temperature curing technology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Industrial Coatings: Applications and Developments)
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