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Children
Special Issues
Effectiveness and Safety of Drugs for Children
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Effectiveness and Safety of Drugs for Children

A special issue of Children (ISSN 2227-9067). This special issue belongs to the section "Global and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2024 | Viewed by 5545

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Martina Neininger

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 32, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
2. Drug Safety Center, Leipzig University and University Hospital, Brüderstraße 32, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
Interests: pediatric pharmacy
Prof. Dr. Thilo Bertsche

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
1. Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Brüderstraße 32, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
2. Drug Safety Center, Leipzig University and University Hospital, Brüderstraße 32, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
Interests: pharmacy; drug safety
Prof. Dr. Astrid Bertsche

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
1. Center for Pediatric Research, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Liebigstraße 20a, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
2. Division of Neuropediatrics, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Fleischmannstr. 8, 17475 Greifswald, Germany
Interests: neuropediatrics; drug safety

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Patient safety in drug therapy for children and adolescents is a major challenge for all the health care professionals involved. Drugs used in children and adolescents should be effective, safe, and approved for this patient population. However, pediatric patients are not adequately represented in clinical trials, so off-label use in pediatrics is common. Additionally, studies on the effectiveness and safety of drug use in the routine clinical care of children and adolescents are often lacking. Furthermore, numerous other factors can affect drug therapy, particularly in children and adolescents, such as a lack of appropriate dosage forms, individualized dose calculations, and inadequate information about dosing in children and adolescents. Overall, this can jeopardize the success of drug therapy and lead to avoidable adverse drug events.

This Special Issue welcomes contributions that address drug effectiveness and safety in routine pediatric care to improve drug therapy in pediatric patients.

Dr. Martina Patrizia Neininger
Prof. Dr. Thilo Bertsche
Prof. Dr. Astrid Bertsche
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Children is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • safety
  • effectiveness
  • pediatrics
  • routine care
  • adverse drug events
  • drug therapy

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 255 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Neuropsychiatric Effects of Montelukast–Levocetirizine Combination Therapy in Children with Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis
by Uğur Altaş, Zeynep Meva Altaş, Fırat Öz and Mehmet Yaşar Özkars
Children 2023, 10(8), 1301; https://doi.org/10.3390/children10081301 - 28 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2905
Abstract
Drug-induced neuropsychiatric effects are important for disease management. We aim to evaluate the neuropsychiatric effects of montelukast–levocetirizine combination therapy in children. This descriptive study was conducted with children aged 2–5 years, diagnosed with asthma and allergic rhinitis, who began to receive montelukast and [...] Read more.
Drug-induced neuropsychiatric effects are important for disease management. We aim to evaluate the neuropsychiatric effects of montelukast–levocetirizine combination therapy in children. This descriptive study was conducted with children aged 2–5 years, diagnosed with asthma and allergic rhinitis, who began to receive montelukast and levocetirizine combination therapy. The respiratory and asthma control test for children (TRACK), Rhino Conjunctivitis Scoring System (RCSS), and common neuropsychiatric effects (irritable behavior, hallucinations, headaches, nightmares, sleep disorders, behavioral and mood disorder, restlessness, depression) were ascertained by the questionnaire applied before and 4 weeks after the treatment. Parents answered on behalf of their children. The most common finding before and after treatment was irritable behavior. While irritable behavior was observed in 82.4% (n = 56) of children before the treatment, this percentage was 63.2% (n = 43) after the treatment (p = 0.004). The percentage of children who developed at least one neuropsychiatric symptom after treatment was 22.1% (n = 15). There was no significant effect of age, gender, RCSS, TRACK, or allergy test positivity on the development of neuropsychiatric symptoms (p > 0.05). According to the results, at least one neuropsychiatric finding developed in approximately one in five children. Identifying risk factors will enable more careful treatment or consideration of alternative treatments for children at higher risk in the clinical follow-up period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effectiveness and Safety of Drugs for Children)
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Review

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14 pages, 321 KiB  
Review
Current Uses of Bromelain in Children: A Narrative Review
by Cristian Locci, Elena Chicconi and Roberto Antonucci
Children 2024, 11(3), 377; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030377 - 21 Mar 2024
Viewed by 988
Abstract
Bromelain is a complex natural mixture of sulfhydryl-containing proteolytic enzymes that can be extracted from the stem or fruit of the pineapple. This compound is considered a safe nutraceutical, has been used to treat various health problems, and is also popular as a [...] Read more.
Bromelain is a complex natural mixture of sulfhydryl-containing proteolytic enzymes that can be extracted from the stem or fruit of the pineapple. This compound is considered a safe nutraceutical, has been used to treat various health problems, and is also popular as a health-promoting dietary supplement. There is continued interest in bromelain due to its remarkable therapeutic properties. The mechanism of action of bromelain appears to extend beyond its proteolytic activity as a digestive enzyme, encompassing a range of effects (mucolytic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and antiedematous effects). Little is known about the clinical use of bromelain in pediatrics, as most of the available data come from in vitro and animal studies, as well as a few RCTs in adults. This narrative review was aimed at highlighting the main aspects of the use of bromelain in children, which still appears to be limited compared to its potential. Relevant articles were identified through searches in MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE. There is no conclusive evidence to support the use of bromelain in children, but the limited literature data suggest that its addition to standard therapy may be beneficial in treating conditions such as upper respiratory tract infections, specific dental conditions, and burns. Further studies, including RCTs in pediatric settings, are needed to better elucidate the mechanism of action and properties of bromelain in various therapeutic areas. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effectiveness and Safety of Drugs for Children)
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Other

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15 pages, 690 KiB  
Systematic Review
Proton Pump Inhibitors in Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
by Sara María Fernández-González, Ana Moreno-Álvarez and Alfonso Solar-Boga
Children 2024, 11(3), 296; https://doi.org/10.3390/children11030296 - 01 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1258
Abstract
This systematic review was conducted with the objective of understanding the efficacy and safety of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in the pediatric population. We used PubMed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 1 June 2010 and 30 June 2023, performed in [...] Read more.
This systematic review was conducted with the objective of understanding the efficacy and safety of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in the pediatric population. We used PubMed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between 1 June 2010 and 30 June 2023, performed in patients from birth to 18 years old with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who received treatment with any PPI. This literature search yielded 76 articles and 13 of these met the inclusion criteria. For infants, PPIs were equal to placebos in reducing GERD symptoms in four articles. In one article, the numbers of GER episodes and esophageal acid exposures were lower in infants who received PPIs in the left lateral position, but there was generally no significant improvement in symptoms. In another publication, the combination of PPIs and feeding modifications (FMs) was not more effective than PPIs alone. For children and adolescents, PPIs were effective in improving symptoms and achieving endoscopic healing, which was subsequently maintained. To conclude, PPIs are not effective in reducing the symptoms related to GERD in infants but are effective in older children, where histological remission can be seen. Generally, PPIs are well tolerated, but it is important to remember the possible adverse events (AEs), especially if PPIs are used for an extended period. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Effectiveness and Safety of Drugs for Children)
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