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Ceramics
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Novel Processing Routes of Ceramics for Functional Applications
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Novel Processing Routes of Ceramics for Functional Applications

A special issue of Ceramics (ISSN 2571-6131).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2018) | Viewed by 27468

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Stephane Hocquet

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Belgian Ceramic Research Centre, Avenue Gouverneur Cornez 4, 7000 Mons, Belgium
Interests: bioceramics; porous scaffold manufacturing; ceramics shaping; sintering and characterizations
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Laurent Boilet

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Belgian Ceramic Research Centre, Avenue Gouverneur Cornez 4, 7000 Mons, Belgium
Interests: field assisted sintering; transparent ceramics; hard materials; bioceramics; mechanical properties

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For several decades, new advances in powder preparation, shaping and densification technologies have enabled ceramic materials to conquer previously-unimagined fields of application. Indeed, known as fragile and difficult to machine, ceramics have now acquired optimized and sufficient properties and functionalities for sectors, such as biomedical, electronics, energy conversion and storage, automotive and railroad, aeronautics, nuclear and many others. This diversification of applications could have occurred thanks to the development of new technologies: Field assisted sintering, rapid prototyping, 3D printing, freeze drying, etc., and/or the tailoring of existing processes to ceramics: plasma projection, laser machining, injection molding, etc.

This Special Issue is about the following topics (non-exhaustive list):

  • Ceramics for biomedical applications
  • Advanced sintering techniques
  • Transparent ceramics
  • Rapid prototyping
  • (Ultra) high temperature ceramics
  • Thermomechanical ceramics

The use of new experimental characterization techniques is also part of the scope of this Special Issue. Particular attention will be paid to articles that will highlight the relationships between desired properties, functionalities and structures for a given application and the appropriate choice of implemented technologies.

Dr. Stephane Hocquet
Dr. Laurent Boilet
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Ceramics is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Functional ceramics
  • Ceramics for biomedical
  • Transparent ceramics
  • Rapid prototyping
  • Advanced shaping and sintering

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 8320 KiB  
Article
Structure and Properties of Piezoelectric Strontium Fresnoite Glass-Ceramics Belonging to the Sr–Ti–Si–Al–K–O System
by Marie-Sophie Renoirt, Nathalie Maury, Florian Dupla and Maurice Gonon
Ceramics 2019, 2(1), 86-97; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics2010008 - 26 Jan 2019
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 3529
Abstract
Crystallization of strontium fresnoite Sr2TiSi2O8 piezoelectric crystals in Sr–Ti–Si–K–Al–O parent glasses is investigated with the aim of showing the influence of composition and crystallization conditions on the microstructure and piezoelectric properties of the resulting glass-ceramic. All the investigated [...] Read more.
Crystallization of strontium fresnoite Sr2TiSi2O8 piezoelectric crystals in Sr–Ti–Si–K–Al–O parent glasses is investigated with the aim of showing the influence of composition and crystallization conditions on the microstructure and piezoelectric properties of the resulting glass-ceramic. All the investigated conditions lead to a surface crystallization mechanism that induces a preferential orientation of crystal growth in the glasses. Near the surface, all the glass-ceramics obtained exhibit (002) planes preferentially oriented parallel to their faces. Deeper in the specimens, this preferential orientation is either kept or tilted to (201) after a depth of about 300 µm. The measurement of the charge coefficient d33 of the glass-ceramic highlights that surface crystallization induces mirror symmetry in the polarization. It reaches 11 to 12 pC/N and is not significantly influenced by the preferential orientation (002) or (201). High temperature XRD shows the stability of the fresnoite phase in the glass-ceramics up to 1000 °C. Mechanical characterization of the glass-ceramics by impulse excitation technique (IET) highlights that the softening of the residual glass leads to a progressive decrease of Young’s modulus in the temperature range 600–800 °C. Damping associated to the viscoplastic transition become severe only over 800 °C. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Processing Routes of Ceramics for Functional Applications)
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10 pages, 2436 KiB  
Article
Flash Sintering Samaria-Doped Ceria–Carbon Nanotube Composites
by Reginaldo Muccillo, André S. Ferlauto and Eliana N.S. Muccillo
Ceramics 2019, 2(1), 64-73; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics2010006 - 18 Jan 2019
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 4659
Abstract
Composite ceramic green pellets were prepared by attrition milling a mixture of (CeO2)0.8(Sm2O3)0.2 (samaria-doped ceria, SDC) ceramic powder and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), followed by uniaxial and isostatic pressing. The pellets were sintered inside a [...] Read more.
Composite ceramic green pellets were prepared by attrition milling a mixture of (CeO2)0.8(Sm2O3)0.2 (samaria-doped ceria, SDC) ceramic powder and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), followed by uniaxial and isostatic pressing. The pellets were sintered inside a dilatometer by applying AC electric fields at 850 °C and limiting the electric current to 1 A, achieving 20.2% final shrinkage. The SDC samples reached 13.3% shrinkage under the same conditions. Higher average grain sizes were measured in specimens flash sintered with CNTs. Impedance spectroscopy analyses show that the specimens flash sintered with addition of CNTs have higher electrical conductivity. Higher delivered Joule heating at the interfaces due to the presence of the electronic conductors (CNTs) are proposed as the main reason for that improvement of the electrical behavior. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Processing Routes of Ceramics for Functional Applications)
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8 pages, 1926 KiB  
Article
Hydrothermal Synthesis of Pseudocubic Rutile-Type Titania Particles
by Makoto Kobayashi, Hideki Kato, Takamichi Miyazaki and Masato Kakihana
Ceramics 2019, 2(1), 56-63; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics2010005 - 18 Jan 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4083
Abstract
The functional properties of materials depend strongly on their morphologies. Here, the hydrothermal synthesis of rutile-type titania crystals with pseudocubic shapes using a water-soluble titanium complex is reported. This approach does not require extra additives or doping. Transmission electron microscopy and selected-area electron [...] Read more.
The functional properties of materials depend strongly on their morphologies. Here, the hydrothermal synthesis of rutile-type titania crystals with pseudocubic shapes using a water-soluble titanium complex is reported. This approach does not require extra additives or doping. Transmission electron microscopy and selected-area electron diffraction analysis revealed that they exposed high-index facets, such as {121}, and high-energy facets, such as {001}, which do not usually appear in rutile crystal. In terms of the formation of steps and kinks on pseudocubic rutile and coexisting anatase and brookite nanoparticles, the adsorption of nanoparticles might inhibit crystal growth, resulting in the formation of crystals with uncommon shapes exposing high-index and high-energy facets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Processing Routes of Ceramics for Functional Applications)
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10 pages, 2475 KiB  
Article
Equimolar Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia and Samaria-Doped Ceria Solid Solutions
by Reginaldo Muccillo, Daniel Z. De Florio and Eliana N. S. Muccillo
Ceramics 2018, 1(2), 343-352; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics1020027 - 22 Nov 2018
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3956
Abstract
Compositions of (ZrO2)0.92(Y2O3)0.08 (zirconia: 8 mol % yttria—8YSZ) and (CeO2)0.8(Sm2O3)0.2 (ceria: 20 mol % samaria—SDC20) ceramic powders were prepared by attrition milling to form an [...] Read more.
Compositions of (ZrO2)0.92(Y2O3)0.08 (zirconia: 8 mol % yttria—8YSZ) and (CeO2)0.8(Sm2O3)0.2 (ceria: 20 mol % samaria—SDC20) ceramic powders were prepared by attrition milling to form an equimolar powder mixture, followed by uniaxial and isostatic pressing. The pellets were quenched to room temperature from 1200 °C, 1300 °C, 1400 °C and 1500 °C to freeze the defects configuration attained at those temperatures. X-ray diffraction analyses, performed in all quenched pellets, show the evolution of the two (8YSZ and SDC20) cubic fluorite structural phases to a single phase at 1500 °C, identified by Rietveld analysis as a tetragonal phase. Impedance spectroscopy analyses were carried out in pellets either quenched or slowly cooled from 1500 °C. Heating the quenched pellets to 1000 °C decreases the electrical resistivity while it increases in the slowly cooled pellets; the decrease is ascribed to annealing of defects created by lattice micro-tensions during quenching while the increase to partial destabilization of the tetragonal phase. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Processing Routes of Ceramics for Functional Applications)
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18 pages, 8030 KiB  
Article
Deriving Principles of the Freeze-Foaming Process by Nondestructive CT Macrostructure Analyses on Hydroxyapatite Foams
by Matthias Ahlhelm, David Werner, Nils Kaube, Johanna Maier, Johannes Abel, Thomas Behnisch, Tassilo Moritz, Alexander Michaelis and Maik Gude
Ceramics 2018, 1(1), 65-82; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics1010007 - 17 Jun 2018
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4723
Abstract
Freeze Foaming is a direct foaming method that aims at manufacturing ceramic cellular scaffolds for diverse applications. Next to porous structures for a potential use as refractories, the focus lies on potential bone replacement material. The main challenge of this foaming method is [...] Read more.
Freeze Foaming is a direct foaming method that aims at manufacturing ceramic cellular scaffolds for diverse applications. Next to porous structures for a potential use as refractories, the focus lies on potential bone replacement material. The main challenge of this foaming method is to achieve a homogeneous and predictable pore morphology. That is why, in a current project, the authors report on the pore morphology formation and evolution of the foaming process by means of nondestructive testing. This contribution primarily compares the effect of the suspension’s temperature on the resulting foam structure (foaming at 5 and 40 °C). As a basis for computed tomographic analysis, a stable and reproducible model suspension was developed that resulted in reproducible foam structures. Characterized by viscosity, foam structure analyses and foaming rate, the resulting Freeze Foams became adjustable with regards to their porosity and pore shape/size. Under certain conditions, we succeeded in achieving a relatively homogeneous pore structure, as proven by computed tomography-derived quantitative analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Processing Routes of Ceramics for Functional Applications)
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10 pages, 3166 KiB  
Article
Electrical Behavior and Microstructural Features of Electric Field-Assisted and Conventionally Sintered 3 mol% Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia
by Sabrina G.M. Carvalho, Eliana N.S. Muccillo and Reginaldo Muccillo
Ceramics 2018, 1(1), 3-12; https://doi.org/10.3390/ceramics1010002 - 21 Feb 2018
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 5796
Abstract
ZrO2: 3 mol% Y2O3 (3YSZ) polycrystalline pellets were sintered at 1400 °C and by applying an alternating current (AC) electric field at 1000 °C. An alumina sample holder with platinum wires for connecting the sample to a power [...] Read more.
ZrO2: 3 mol% Y2O3 (3YSZ) polycrystalline pellets were sintered at 1400 °C and by applying an alternating current (AC) electric field at 1000 °C. An alumina sample holder with platinum wires for connecting the sample to a power supply was designed for the electric field-assisted sintering experiments. The apparent density was evaluated with the Archimedes technique, the grain size distribution by analysis of scanning electron microscopy images, and the electrical behavior by the impedance spectroscopy technique. Sintering with the application of AC electric fields to 3YSZ enhances its ionic conductivity. An explanation is proposed, based on the dissolution back to the bulk of chemical species, which are depleted at the grain boundaries, leading to an increase in the oxygen vacancy concentration. For the enhancement of the grain boundary conductivity, an explanation is given based on the diminution of the concentration of depleted chemical species, which migrate to the bulk. This migration leads to a decrease of the potential barrier of the space charge region, known to be responsible for blocking the oxide ions through the intergranular region. Moreover, the heterogeneity of the distribution of the grain sizes is ascribed to the skin effect, the tendency of the AC current density to be largest near the surface, decreasing towards the bulk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Processing Routes of Ceramics for Functional Applications)
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