Stem Cells in Cancer

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Stem Cells".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 November 2025 | Viewed by 1978

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
Interests: small cell lung cancer; cancer stem cells; genome instability

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) represent a small subset of cells within tumors that possess stem cell-like properties, including self-renewal and the ability to give rise to diverse cell types within the tumor. These cells are implicated in tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and therapy resistance. CSCs are believed to arise from normal stem cells or differentiated cells through genetic or epigenetic alterations. They contribute to tumor heterogeneity, which complicates treatment approaches. Researchers have identified various molecular markers associated with CSCs, which can be used to isolate and study these cells. However, CSC markers are not universally agreed upon, and their expression may vary between different types of cancer. Identifying CSC markers and understanding their biology is crucial for developing targeted therapies. Targeting CSCs holds promise for improving cancer treatment outcomes. Strategies for targeting CSCs include inhibiting the signaling pathways involved in stem cell self-renewal, disrupting the tumor microenvironment that supports CSCs, and inducing CSC differentiation or apoptosis. Despite the potential of targeting CSCs, several challenges remain, including identifying specific CSC markers, understanding the plasticity of CSCs, and developing effective therapies that selectively target CSCs without harming normal stem cells. Targeting CSCs holds promise for improving cancer treatment outcomes by addressing the root cause of tumor growth and recurrence.

Dr. Ajit Kumar Sharma
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cancer stem cells
  • heterogeneity
  • metastasis
  • plasticity
  • self-renewal

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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23 pages, 6208 KiB  
Article
Adiponectin Influences the Behavior of Stem Cells in Hormone-Resistant Breast Cancer
by Giuseppina Daniela Naimo, Martina Forestiero, Francesca Giordano, Adele Elisabetta Leonetti, Luca Gelsomino, Maria Luisa Panno, Sebastiano Andò and Loredana Mauro
Cells 2025, 14(4), 286; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14040286 - 15 Feb 2025
Viewed by 696
Abstract
In the breast tumor microenvironment (TME), adipocytes exert a selective pressure on the behavior of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which are involved in endocrine therapy resistance. In obesity, adipocytes secrete reduced levels of adiponectin, which promotes the growth and progression of ERα-positive [...] Read more.
In the breast tumor microenvironment (TME), adipocytes exert a selective pressure on the behavior of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs), which are involved in endocrine therapy resistance. In obesity, adipocytes secrete reduced levels of adiponectin, which promotes the growth and progression of ERα-positive breast cancer (BC). Here, we examined how low adiponectin levels affect the enrichment of the BCSC subpopulation and the mechanisms contributing to the maintenance of endocrine therapy resistance in BC. Flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting analysis were performed to assess stemness, the cell cycle, and apoptosis markers in MCF-7 wild-type (WT) and tamoxifen-resistant (TR) mammospheres. nLC-MS/MS was employed to profile and compare the proteome of BCSCs. Differentially expressed proteins were intersected with data from the MetacoreTM dataset. Our study demonstrated that adiponectin increased the percentage of CD44+/CD24/ALDH1+ stem-like cells in TR MCF-7 mammospheres. Specifically, adiponectin contributed to the maintenance of BCSC bulk in TR MCF-7 cells through a slow cycling rate, supported by decreased levels of Cyclin D1 and Ki67 and increased p21 and p27 expression, and through escape from apoptosis, sustained by reduced ROS production and preserved maintenance of mitochondrial membrane potential. Our results provide new insights into the contribution of adiponectin to poor ERα-positive BC outcomes. Deeply understanding adiponectin’s role in stemness may disclose novel therapeutic approaches to treat hormone-resistant obese BC patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stem Cells in Cancer)
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Review

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40 pages, 2165 KiB  
Review
Stem Cells in Cancer: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Strategies
by Laurence Haddadin and Xueqin Sun
Cells 2025, 14(7), 538; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14070538 - 3 Apr 2025
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Abstract
Stem cells have emerged as a pivotal area of research in the field of oncology, offering new insights into the mechanisms of cancer initiation, progression, and resistance to therapy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the role of stem cells in cancer, [...] Read more.
Stem cells have emerged as a pivotal area of research in the field of oncology, offering new insights into the mechanisms of cancer initiation, progression, and resistance to therapy. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the role of stem cells in cancer, focusing on cancer stem cells (CSCs), their characteristics, and their implications for cancer therapy. We discuss the origin and identification of CSCs, their role in tumorigenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance, and the potential therapeutic strategies targeting CSCs. Additionally, we explore the use of normal stem cells in cancer therapy, focusing on their role in tissue regeneration and their use as delivery vehicles for anticancer agents. Finally, we highlight the challenges and future directions in stem cell research in cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Stem Cells in Cancer)
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