Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptor (sIL-6R): Role in Health and Disease

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Signaling".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 January 2026 | Viewed by 664

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences Adran Gwyddorau Biofeddygol, Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences Ysgol Chwaraeon a Gwyddorau Iechyd, Cardiff Metropolitan University Llandaff Campus Campws Llandaf, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK
Interests: HCMV; NK cell; immunomodulation; COVID; IL-6
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E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences Adran Gwyddorau Biofeddygol, Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences Ysgol Chwaraeon a Gwyddorau Iechyd, Cardiff Metropolitan University Llandaff Campus Campus Llandaf, Cardiff CF5 2YB, UK
Interests: IL-6/IL-6R signalling; long- COVID; exercise physiology; fatigue; Ca2+ signalling/homeostasis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The pleiotropic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) is involved in a diverse set of physiological and pathological processes. Traditionally, IL-6 has been thought of in terms of its inflammatory actions during the acute phase response and in chronic inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, long COVID and obesity. However, IL-6 is also an important signalling molecule during exercise, being acutely released from working muscle fibres to enable muscle–organ crosstalk, and facilitate a coordinated response to exercise. Finally, more recently, IL-6 signalling has been implicated in neuroinflammatory signalling events related to certain mental health disorders.

The biology of IL-6 is complex: IL-6 signalling requires the binding of IL-6 to the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) and the IL-6 signal transducer (IL-6ST, or gp130), leading to the activation of multiple intracellular signalling pathways. Classic IL-6 signalling, which is initiated by IL-6 binding to membrane-bound IL-6R (mIL-6R), is limited to cells expressing mIL6-R such as hepatocytes, skeletal myocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and resting lymphocytes. IL-6 binding to soluble IL-6R (sIL6-R) forms an IL-6/sIL-6R complex that can initiate IL-6 trans-signalling in cells that express IL-6ST but lack the expression of mIL-6R, allowing a wider range of cells to respond to IL-6. More recently, a third mechanism of IL-6 signalling termed IL-6 trans-presentation has been described. 

Recent advances in the field continue to provide insights into the roles of sIL-6R and its related signalling pathways in health and disease. In this Special Issue, we welcome the submission of manuscripts concerning, but not limited to, the following keywords regarding sIL-6R's role in health and disease.

We would like to invite you to contribute original articles, reviews, communications, etc., to this Special Issue and look forward to hearing from you.

Dr. Rebecca Aicheler
Dr. Richard Webb
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • sIL-6R
  • IL-6 signalling
  • IL-6ST
  • genetic polymorphism
  • health
  • disease
  • exercise physiology
  • therapeutics
  • mental health

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 936 KB  
Article
Serum Interleukin-6 in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Insights into Immune Dysregulation, Disease Activity, and Clinical Manifestations
by Patricia Richter, Ciprian Rezus, Alexandra Maria Burlui, Thomas Gabriel Schreiner and Elena Rezus
Cells 2025, 14(19), 1568; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14191568 - 9 Oct 2025
Viewed by 298
Abstract
Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine implicated in various inflammatory and immune-mediated processes. Its involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been increasingly investigated, particularly related to disease activity and tissue damage. This study aimed to quantify serum IL-6 levels in patients [...] Read more.
Background: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine implicated in various inflammatory and immune-mediated processes. Its involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has been increasingly investigated, particularly related to disease activity and tissue damage. This study aimed to quantify serum IL-6 levels in patients with SLE and assess their associations with clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters. Methods: A total of 88 patients diagnosed with SLE and 87 matched healthy controls were included. Serum IL-6 concentrations were measured by ELISA. Clinical data, SLEDAI scores, organ involvement, inflammatory markers, and autoantibody profiles were recorded. The statistical analysis involved non-parametric testing, correlation analysis, and linear regression. Results: IL-6 concentrations were higher in SLE patients than in controls (7.46 ± 6.73 vs. 5.30 ± 10.89 pg/mL). Significantly increased IL-6 levels were observed in patients with active disease (SLEDAI ≥ 6; p = 0.025) and renal (p = 0.001) involvement. Positive correlations were identified between IL-6 and ESR, creatinine, ANA, and specific autoantibodies (anti-dsDNA, SSA, and SSB). IL-6 also correlated with IL-10 (p = 0.010) but showed no significant association with IL-17A, TNF-α, CRP, or complement levels. Conclusions: Elevated IL-6 levels are associated with greater disease activity and specific organ involvement in SLE. These findings highlight IL-6 as a measurable indicator of immunological and clinical disease expression, supporting its relevance in disease monitoring. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soluble Interleukin-6 Receptor (sIL-6R): Role in Health and Disease)
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