Host–Pathogen Interactions and Immune Responses

A special issue of Cells (ISSN 2073-4409). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Immunology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 March 2026 | Viewed by 1845

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Graduate Programs in Microbiology, Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36106, USA
Interests: lung pathogens (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis, Mycobacterium immunogenum, Mycobacterium abscessus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa); virulence factors; antigen discovery; PAHs and AHR signaling; DC-T cell Interaction; development of therapeutics; antibiotic resistance (ESKAPE pathogens); small extracellular vesicles (exosomes); Immunoproteomics of microbial pathogens; novel drug targets/vaccine development

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Host–pathogen interactions are a central theme in understanding infectious disease biology, and this Special Issue explores their complexity through a multidisciplinary lens. We welcome studies examining how viruses, fungi, parasites, and bacteria—including multidrug-resistant and environmental mycobacterial strains—affect host cellular processes and immune defenses.

Emphasis is placed on the alarming rise in antimicrobial resistance and the survival strategies of persistent pathogens, including their use of antioxidant systems such as catalases. The role of oxidative stress in shaping infection outcomes will also be explored. Additionally, we invite research into exosomes and other extracellular vesicles as mediators of immune signaling, pathogen communication, and disease progression. Environmental pollutants, especially polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), are emerging as influential stressors that can modulate host–pathogen dynamics and immune responses, further complicating disease ecology.

This Special Issue seeks submissions from immunology, microbiology, cell biology, systems biology, toxicology, and computational science, aiming to bridge basic research with translational insights. By highlighting molecular mechanisms and environmental influences, we hope to inspire new diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies to combat infections within complex biological and ecological contexts.

Dr. Harish Chandra
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • multidrug-resistant bacteria
  • environmental mycobacteria
  • exosomes
  • oxidative stress
  • catalases
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
  • cellular signaling

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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20 pages, 1092 KB  
Review
Glucose Metabolism and Innate Immune Responses in Influenza Virus Infection: Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Perspectives
by Kareem Awad, Nancy N. Shahin, Tarek K. Motawi, Maha Abdelhadi, Reham F. Barghash, Ahmed M. Awad, Laura Kakkola and Ilkka Julkunen
Cells 2026, 15(1), 47; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells15010047 - 26 Dec 2025
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Abstract
This review article discusses glucose metabolic alterations affecting immune cell responses to influenza virus infection. It highlights possible relationships between essential metabolic targets and influenza replication dynamics in immune cells. Thus, kinases as essential regulators of glucose metabolism as well as critical immune [...] Read more.
This review article discusses glucose metabolic alterations affecting immune cell responses to influenza virus infection. It highlights possible relationships between essential metabolic targets and influenza replication dynamics in immune cells. Thus, kinases as essential regulators of glucose metabolism as well as critical immune mediators during this infection such as interferons, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and transforming growth factor beta have been illustrated. Mechanistic highlights are provided for both the Warburg effect, where glycolysis shifts to lactate production during influenza infection, and the PFK1/PFKFB3 enzyme complex as the rate-determining regulator of glycolysis whose activity increases during the course of influenza infection. The mechanisms of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling as a promotor of glycolysis and a regulator of inflammatory cytokine production are discussed across various immune cell types during infection. We conclude that modulation of the metabolic changes associated with immune responses plays an important role in disease progression, and that targeting metabolic checkpoints or kinases may offer promising avenues for future immunotherapy approaches for the treatment of influenza virus infection. We also emphasize the need for further research to develop a comprehensive biological model that clarifies host outcomes and the complex nature of immune-metabolic regulation and crosstalk. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host–Pathogen Interactions and Immune Responses)
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Other

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18 pages, 1116 KB  
Perspective
The Crosstalk Between Mycobacterium abscessus and Immune Cells: Exploring Novel Interaction Modalities
by Ilse Mendoza-Trujillo, Patricia Diez-Echave, Chiara Tontini and Silvia Bulfone-Paus
Cells 2025, 14(22), 1829; https://doi.org/10.3390/cells14221829 - 20 Nov 2025
Viewed by 888
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) is a rapidly growing, non-tuberculous mycobacterium and opportunistic pathogen that causes lung and skin infections in immunocompromised individuals. In recent years, Mab has gained attention due to its resistance to multiple antibiotics and its ability to evade the [...] Read more.
Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab) is a rapidly growing, non-tuberculous mycobacterium and opportunistic pathogen that causes lung and skin infections in immunocompromised individuals. In recent years, Mab has gained attention due to its resistance to multiple antibiotics and its ability to evade the immune response by transitioning into different morphotypes. Macrophages and neutrophils play key roles during the acute phase of infection and granuloma formation, utilising clearance mechanisms that affect the smooth and rough morphotypes differently. Despite considerable research, the inflammatory response elicited by Mab and its impact on disease outcomes remain not well understood. This perspective examines the interactions between Mab and immune cells, proposing potential receptors that may mediate Mab-driven immune communication. By drawing insights from immune evasion and signalling strategies employed by other mycobacterial species, it aims to deepen our understanding of Mab pathogenicity and to outline innovative approaches for infection control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host–Pathogen Interactions and Immune Responses)
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