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Advances in Genomics and Molecular Pathology of Rare Cancers—Focus on...
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Advances in Genomics and Molecular Pathology of Rare Cancers—Focus on Diverse Populations

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Pathophysiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 7365

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Yong Sheng Jason Chan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
Interests: molecular pathobiology of lymphomas and rare cancers
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rare cancers collectively represent a major healthcare problem worldwide, comprising a neglected group of diseases with poorly defined therapeutic strategies and dismal outcomes. In addition, the overall health burden is compounded by the fact that rare cancers disproportionately affect adolescents and young adults—a susceptible cohort whose prognosis has not improved to the same extent as those for children and older adults with cancer. Globally, the distribution of rare cancers exhibits ethnogeographic variation depending on genetic and environmental factors; the latter may include unique oncopathogens or carcinogens. As the genomic and molecular landscapes of the most prevalent cancers have been unraveled in recent decades, there is now greater impetus and opportunity to study rare cancers for translational discovery.

In this Special Issue, tumor types of interest include soft tissue and bone sarcomas, as well as rare subtypes of lymphomas, melanomas, and epithelial malignancies. New research regarding the genomic and molecular landscapes of rare cancers will be highlighted, with a focus on advancements with clinical and biological applications.

Dr. Yong Sheng Jason Chan
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • soft tissue sarcoma
  • bone sarcoma
  • lymphoma
  • melanoma
  • adolescent and young adult oncology
  • global oncology
  • multi-omics
  • immunotherapy
  • targeted therapy
  • oncopathogens

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue polices can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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24 pages, 5448 KiB  
Article
Multiple Genes with Potential Tumor Suppressive Activity Are Present on Chromosome 10q Loss in Neuroblastoma and Are Associated with Poor Prognosis
by Marzia Ognibene, Patrizia De Marco, Loredana Amoroso, Davide Cangelosi, Federico Zara, Stefano Parodi and Annalisa Pezzolo
Cancers 2023, 15(7), 2035; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15072035 - 29 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1525
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a tumor affecting the peripheral sympathetic nervous system that substantially contributes to childhood cancer mortality. Despite recent advances in understanding the complexity of NB, the mechanisms determining its progression are still largely unknown. Some recurrent segmental chromosome aberrations (SCA) have [...] Read more.
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a tumor affecting the peripheral sympathetic nervous system that substantially contributes to childhood cancer mortality. Despite recent advances in understanding the complexity of NB, the mechanisms determining its progression are still largely unknown. Some recurrent segmental chromosome aberrations (SCA) have been associated with poor survival. However, the prognostic role of most SCA has not yet been investigated. We examined a cohort of 260 NB primary tumors at disease onset for the loss of chromosome 10q, by array-comparative genomic hybridization (a-CGH) and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) array and we found that 26 showed 10q loss, while the others 234 displayed different SCA. We observed a lower event-free survival for NB patients displaying 10q loss compared to patients with tumors carrying other SCA. Furthermore, analyzing the region of 10q loss, we identified a cluster of 75 deleted genes associated with poorer outcome. Low expression of six of these genes, above all CCSER2, was significantly correlated to worse survival using in silico data from 786 NB patients. These potential tumor suppressor genes can be partly responsible for the poor prognosis of NB patients with 10q loss. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Genomics and Molecular Pathology of Rare Cancers—Focus on Diverse Populations)
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Review

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17 pages, 4106 KiB  
Review
Inter-Ethnic Variations in the Clinical, Pathological, and Molecular Characteristics of Wilms Tumor
by Kia Teng Lim and Amos H. P. Loh
Cancers 2024, 16(17), 3051; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16173051 - 1 Sep 2024
Viewed by 459
Abstract
Wilms tumor is the commonest primary renal malignancy in children and demonstrates substantial inter-ethnic variation in clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics. Wilms tumor occurs at a lower incidence and at a younger age in Asians compared to Caucasians and Africans. Asians also present [...] Read more.
Wilms tumor is the commonest primary renal malignancy in children and demonstrates substantial inter-ethnic variation in clinical, pathological, and molecular characteristics. Wilms tumor occurs at a lower incidence and at a younger age in Asians compared to Caucasians and Africans. Asians also present at an earlier stage of disease, with a higher incidence of favorable histology tumors and a lower incidence of perilobar nephrogenic rests compared to Caucasians, while African children present with more advanced disease. Studies have implicated population differences in the incidence of WT1 mutations, loss of imprinting of the IGF2 locus, and loss of heterozygosity of 1p/16q, or 1q gain as possible bases for epidemiological differences in the disease profile of Wilms tumors in various ethnic groups. Yet, evidence to support these associations is confounded by differences in treatment protocols and inequalities in the availability of treatment resources and remains limited by the quality of population-based data, especially in resource-limited settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Genomics and Molecular Pathology of Rare Cancers—Focus on Diverse Populations)
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21 pages, 1305 KiB  
Review
17q Gain in Neuroblastoma: A Review of Clinical and Biological Implications
by Vid Mlakar, Isabelle Dupanloup, Fanny Gonzales, Danai Papangelopoulou, Marc Ansari and Fabienne Gumy-Pause
Cancers 2024, 16(2), 338; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16020338 - 12 Jan 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2534
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequent extracranial solid childhood tumor. Despite advances in the understanding and treatment of this disease, the prognosis in cases of high-risk NB is still poor. 17q gain has been shown to be the most frequent genomic alteration in [...] Read more.
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most frequent extracranial solid childhood tumor. Despite advances in the understanding and treatment of this disease, the prognosis in cases of high-risk NB is still poor. 17q gain has been shown to be the most frequent genomic alteration in NB. However, the significance of this remains unclear because of its high frequency and association with other genetic modifications, particularly segmental chromosomal aberrations, 1p and 11q deletions, and MYCN amplification, all of which are also associated with a poor clinical prognosis. This work reviewed the evidence on the clinical and biological significance of 17q gain. It strongly supports the significance of 17q gain in the development of NB and its importance as a clinically relevant marker. However, it is crucial to distinguish between whole and partial chromosome 17q gains. The most important breakpoints appear to be at 17q12 and 17q21. The former distinguishes between whole and partial chromosome 17q gain; the latter is a site of IGF2BP1 and NME1 genes that appear to be the main oncogenes responsible for the functional effects of 17q gain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Genomics and Molecular Pathology of Rare Cancers—Focus on Diverse Populations)
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Other

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30 pages, 883 KiB  
Systematic Review
Molecular Alterations in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Immunocompetent and Immunosuppressed Hosts—A Systematic Review
by Denise Ann Tsang, Steve Y. C. Tam and Choon Chiat Oh
Cancers 2023, 15(6), 1832; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15061832 - 17 Mar 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1925
Abstract
The characterization of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) at the molecular level is lacking in the current literature due to the high mutational burden of this disease. Immunosuppressed patients afflicted with cSCC experience considerable morbidity and mortality. In this article, we review the [...] Read more.
The characterization of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) at the molecular level is lacking in the current literature due to the high mutational burden of this disease. Immunosuppressed patients afflicted with cSCC experience considerable morbidity and mortality. In this article, we review the molecular profile of cSCC among the immunosuppressed and immunocompetent populations at the genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic, and proteometabolomic levels, as well as describing key differences in the tumor immune microenvironment between these two populations. We feature novel biomarkers from the recent literature which may serve as potential targets for therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Genomics and Molecular Pathology of Rare Cancers—Focus on Diverse Populations)
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