Protein Kinases and Their Impact on Tumor Growth: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Methods and Technologies Development".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 August 2025 | Viewed by 1010

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Penn State Cancer Institute, Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
Interests: leukemia; melanoma; target identification and validation; experimental therapeutics; animal models; preclinical drug development; translational oncology research
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Guest Editor
Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine (CEMR) Laboratory, Department of Bio-Chemistry, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research (JSS AHER), Mysuru 570015, Karna-taka, India
Interests: cancer research; anticancer agents; diabetes; NRF2 inhibitors; small-molecule inhibitors of protein kinases; anti-cancer agents from natural sources
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Phosphorylation is a key post-translational modification that regulates the activity and fate of proteins, playing a critical role in various cellular processes. Protein kinases, which catalyze phosphorylation, play a particularly important role in cancer development and progression by controlling the hallmark features of cancer cells such as survival, proliferation, and metastasis. Among the many types of protein kinases, those involved in these processes have garnered significant attention in cancer research. Advancements in data analysis, gene knockdown techniques, expression studies, and synthetic chemistry have accelerated the study of protein kinases in tumor development. Preclinical and clinical trials investigating protein kinase inhibitors have shown promising results, prompting many researchers to synthesize or isolate potent compounds with enhanced safety and efficacy. However, many challenges persist in targeting protein ki-nases; one such challenge is selectivity. Since many protein kinases share similar active/substrate-binding sites, and the degree of homology among different protein kinases is extremely high, designing a selective inhibitor has become a daunting task. Additionally, the development of drug resistance poses another significant hurdle, with mechanisms such as signaling pathway crosstalk, bypass pathways, and protein mutations contributing to resistance.

Despite the extensive research on protein kinases, there are many areas that urgently require further attention. For instance, the isoform-specific functions of protein kinases and their role in tumor development represent one area in which we need a better understanding in order to effectively target specific tumor types. Likewise, an in-depth understanding of protein kinase activity and expression mechanisms is needed. Moreover, the role of microRNAs in the expression of the oncogenic/tumor suppressor functions of kinases is not completely understood. It is also not fully known whether targeting protein kinases alone is effective or whether a combination approach is required for effective tumor regression. Further research is required on how to identify the panel of protein kinases to be targeted in a combination regimen. Similarly, diagnostic and prognostic applications of protein kinases in tumor progression and treatment efficacy assessment are still in the initial stages. Therefore, further research in these areas is warranted.

This Special Issue will highlight the role of key protein kinase signaling pathways in cancer, with special emphasis on PI3K-Akt and MAPK cascades. We welcome research and review articles covering basic, preclinical, and clinical aspects that advance our understanding of the targeting of these complex pathways and address crosstalk mechanisms in human tumors.

Prof. Dr. Arati Sharma
Prof. Dr. SubbaRao Madhunapantula
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • protein kinases
  • PI3K-Akt signaling
  • MAPK signaling
  • kinase inhibitors
  • drug resistance
  • crosstalk

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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25 pages, 2098 KiB  
Review
Mechanistic Roles of Transcriptional Cyclin-Dependent Kinases in Oncogenesis: Implications for Cancer Therapy
by Mohammed Alrouji, Mohammed S. Alshammari, Saleha Anwar, Kumar Venkatesan and Anas Shamsi
Cancers 2025, 17(9), 1554; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17091554 - 3 May 2025
Viewed by 753
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are pivotal in regulating cell cycle progression and transcription, making them crucial targets in cancer research. The two types of CDKs that regulate different biological activities are transcription-associated CDKs (e.g., CDK7, 8, 9, 12, and 13) and cell cycle-associated CDKs [...] Read more.
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are pivotal in regulating cell cycle progression and transcription, making them crucial targets in cancer research. The two types of CDKs that regulate different biological activities are transcription-associated CDKs (e.g., CDK7, 8, 9, 12, and 13) and cell cycle-associated CDKs (e.g., CDK1, 2, 4, and 6). One characteristic of cancer is the dysregulation of CDK activity, which results in unchecked cell division and tumor expansion. Targeting transcriptional CDKs, which control RNA polymerase II activity and gene expression essential for cancer cell survival, has shown promise as a therapeutic approach in recent research. While research into selective inhibitors for transcriptional CDKs is ongoing, inhibitors that target CDK4/6, such as palbociclib and ribociclib, have demonstrated encouraging outcomes in treating breast cancer. CDK7, CDK8, and CDK9 are desirable targets for therapy since they have shown oncogenic roles in a variety of cancer types, such as colorectal, ovarian, and breast malignancies. Even with significant advancements, creating selective inhibitors with negligible off-target effects is still difficult. This review highlights the need for more research to optimize therapeutic strategies and improve patient outcomes by giving a thorough overview of the non-transcriptional roles of CDKs in cancer biology, their therapeutic potential, and the difficulties in targeting these kinases for cancer treatment. Full article
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