Intensive Care and Cancers

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 2746

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
Interests: intensive care; cancers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cancer patients are at high risk of developing life-threatening organ failures, the understanding of which is very important from a scientific and medical point of view, to provide short- and long-term curative solutions. These organ failures may be due to the malignancy itself, which may compress surrounding organs, or may also result from cancer-induced autoimmunity, cancer-related coagulopathy and blood disorders, or from metabolic disturbances, such as paraneoplastic hypo-natremia, hypercalcemia, or tumor lysis syndrome. Besides, cancer patients are immunocompromised, due to the underlying malignancy itself, and/or as a result of the immunosuppressive effect of numerous anti-tumor therapies, post-chemotherapy aplasia being only one example. These immune impairments increase the risk of bacterial sepsis and opportunistic infections, both of which can be life-threatening. All of these serious complications may require intensive care, especially since a large number of them are reversible when treated in time. Moreover, recent data from the literature suggest a major improvement in both short-term and long-term prognosis for cancer patients admitted to intensive care for an acute complication. Thus, this special issue offers a series of original articles and reviews aimed at better understanding the mechanisms leading to cancer-related immune dysfunctions autoimmunity or immunosuppression, coagulation disorders and metabolic disturbances, which are origin of these life-threatening organ failures requiring admission to intensive care. We also propose an update on existing knowledge on the outcome of cancer patients admitted to intensive care, and on acute management strategies while making the link with scientific advances. This translational research approach paves the way to strengthening cooperation between oncologists, intensivists, and researchers, a key point for refining the overall care of patients treated for malignant diseases and their inherent acute complications.

Dr. Raphaël Clere-Jehl
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • neoplasms
  • immunocompromised host
  • critical care
  • sepsis
  • septic shock
  • respiratory distress syndrome
  • respiration artificial
  • acute kidney injury
  • renal replacement therapy
  • opportunistic infections

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 554 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Functional and Nutritional Status and Skeletal Muscle Mass for the Prognosis of Critically Ill Solid Cancer Patients
by Clara Vigneron, Othmane Laousy, Guillaume Chassagnon, Maria Vakalopoulou, Julien Charpentier, Jérôme Alexandre, Matthieu Jamme and Frédéric Pène
Cancers 2022, 14(23), 5870; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14235870 - 29 Nov 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2298
Abstract
Simple and accessible prognostic factors are paramount for solid cancer patients experiencing life-threatening complications. The aim of this study is to appraise the impact of functional and nutritional status and skeletal muscle mass in this population. We conducted a retrospective (2007–2020) single-center study [...] Read more.
Simple and accessible prognostic factors are paramount for solid cancer patients experiencing life-threatening complications. The aim of this study is to appraise the impact of functional and nutritional status and skeletal muscle mass in this population. We conducted a retrospective (2007–2020) single-center study by enrolling adult patients with solid cancers requiring unplanned ICU admission. Performance status, body weight, and albumin level were collected at ICU admission and over six months. Skeletal muscle mass was assessed at ICU admission by measuring muscle areas normalized by height (SMI). Four-hundred and sixty-two patients were analyzed, mainly with gastro-intestinal (34.8%) and lung (29.9%) neoplasms. Moreover, 92.8% of men and 67.3% of women were deemed cachectic. In the multivariate analysis, performance status at ICU admission (CSH 1.74 [1.27–2.39], p < 0.001) and the six month increase in albumin level (CSH 0.38 [0.16–0.87], p = 0.02) were independent predictors of ICU mortality. In the subgroup of mechanically ventilated patients, the psoas SMI was independently associated with ICU mortality (CSH 0.82 [0.67–0.98], p = 0.04). Among the 368 ICU-survivors, the performance status at ICU admission (CSH 1.34 [1.14–1.59], p < 0.001) and the six-month weight loss (CSH 1.33 [1.17–2.99], p = 0.01) were associated with a one-year mortality rate. Most cancer patients displayed cachexia at ICU admission. Time courses of nutritional parameters may aid the prediction of short- and long-term outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Intensive Care and Cancers)
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