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Cancers
Special Issues
Advances in Pathology of Lymphoma and Leukemia
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Advances in Pathology of Lymphoma and Leukemia

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Pathophysiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 2428

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Siba El Hussein

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, VT, USA
Interests: leukemia; lymphoma; immunohistochemical stains; next-generation sequencing; cytogenetics; flow cytometry analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The subspecialty of hematopathology witnesses constant evolution and paragdims shifts. New advances in the realm of leukemia and lymphoma are released daily, helping hematopathologists and hemato-oncologists fine-tune the diagnostics, theragnostics and prognostics of hematolymphoid diseases.

In this Special Issue, we aim to provide a venue for recent advances in leukemia and lymphoma, from a hematopathology perspective. The publications will cover a broad range from adult to pediatric diseases, spanning the worlds of both leukemia and lymphoma, with a special highlight on associated ancillary testing, including immunohistochemical stains, next-generation sequencing, cytogenetics and flow cytometry analysis, among others.

We hope that this Special Issue will provide valuable insights to the readers and will contribute to enhancing their daily clinical practice.

Dr. Siba El Hussein
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • leukemia
  • lymphoma
  • immunohistochemical stains
  • next-generation sequencing
  • cytogenetics
  • flow cytometry analysis

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 5770 KiB  
Article
Low CD25 in ALK+ Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma Is Associated with Older Age, Thrombocytopenia, and Increased Expression of Surface CD3 and CD8
by Shuyu E, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Hong Fang, Shaoying Li, Guilin Tang, Sa A. Wang, Wei Wang, C. Cameron Yin, M. James You, Swaminathan P. Iyer, Luis Malpica, Lianqun Qiu, Zhenya Tang, Qing Wei, Pei Lin and Jie Xu
Cancers 2025, 17(11), 1767; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17111767 - 25 May 2025
Viewed by 447
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive (+) anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is known to express CD25, but its significance has not been well studied. Methods: In the present study, we identified 54 ALK+ ALCL patients with CD25 results available and investigated the significance [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive (+) anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is known to express CD25, but its significance has not been well studied. Methods: In the present study, we identified 54 ALK+ ALCL patients with CD25 results available and investigated the significance of CD25 expression levels. Results: Forty-two (78%) cases had high CD25 expressions, whereas low CD25 expressions were found in 12 (22%) cases. Compared with ALK+ ALCL patients with CD25-high neoplasms, patients with CD25-low neoplasms were older (median: 40 years vs. 29 years, p = 0.01) and more often had thrombocytopenia (40% vs. 0%, p = 0.02). Between CD25-low and CD25-high groups, other clinical features were similar to each other (all p > 0.05). CD25-low ALK+ ALCL cases showed higher frequency of surface CD3 (100% vs. 3%, p = 0.001) and CD8 (57% vs. 14%, p = 0.03). Fourteen of 47 (30%) ALK+ ALCL patients died (median follow-up time, 33.8 months; range, 0.3–382.8 months): 5 of 9 (56%) patients with CD25-low neoplasms and 9 of 38 (24%) patients with CD25-high neoplasms. Univariate analysis showed: (1) the OS of patients with CD25-low ALK+ ALCL was shorter than that of patients with CD25-high ALK+ ALCL (median: 72.2 months vs. undefined, p = 0.02); and (2) young (<30 years) patients with high CD25 expression had the best prognosis, with a long-term OS rate of 89%. However, in multivariate analysis, low CD25 expression did not significantly impact OS. Conclusions: most cases of ALK+ ALCL highly express CD25 which is a potential target for therapy. ALK+ ALCL with low CD25 expression is associated with older patient age and increased frequency of thrombocytopenia and surface CD3 and CD8 expression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Pathology of Lymphoma and Leukemia)
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14 pages, 1490 KiB  
Article
Clinical Implication of Sequential Circulating Tumor DNA Assessments for the Treatment of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
by Ga-Young Song, Joo Heon Park, Sae-Ryung Kang, Seung Jung Han, Youjin Jung, Minuk Son, Ho Cheol Jang, Mihee Kim, Seo-Yeon Ahn, Sung-Hoon Jung, Jae-Sook Ahn, Je-Jung Lee, Hyeoung-Joon Kim and Deok-Hwan Yang
Cancers 2025, 17(11), 1734; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17111734 - 22 May 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a promising biomarker for non-invasive tumor monitoring in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods: In this study, 52 patients with newly diagnosed advanced-stage DLBCL treated with R-CHOP underwent serial ctDNA analysis at baseline, interim (after [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has emerged as a promising biomarker for non-invasive tumor monitoring in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods: In this study, 52 patients with newly diagnosed advanced-stage DLBCL treated with R-CHOP underwent serial ctDNA analysis at baseline, interim (after three cycles), and end of treatment. The prognostic significance of ctDNA dynamics was evaluated, and its predictive value was compared with the PET/CT response. Results: Targeted next-generation sequencing revealed baseline ctDNA in 98.1% of patients, with 74.7% concordance to tumor tissue genotyping. Higher baseline ctDNA levels correlated with elevated LDH, older age, and high IPI scores. A ≥2-log reduction in ctDNA at interim was significantly associated with improved overall survival (p = 0.004), though not with progression-free survival. Notably, combining interim ctDNA dynamics with PET/CT results enhanced the predictive accuracy for treatment outcomes, particularly among patients with partial metabolic responses. Conclusions: These findings support the clinical utility of ctDNA for dynamic risk assessment in DLBCL, and suggest that integrating ctDNA with imaging biomarkers may guide more personalized therapeutic strategies. Further validation using highly sensitive ctDNA assays is warranted to optimize its role in routine clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Pathology of Lymphoma and Leukemia)
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22 pages, 1223 KiB  
Article
Association Between B-Cell Marker Expression and RUNX1 Lesions in Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Beyond RUNX1::RUNX1T1 Fusion: Diagnostic Pitfalls with Mixed-Phenotype Acute Leukemia—B/Myeloid
by Giby V. George, Malgorzata Kajstura, Audrey N. Jajosky, Hong Fang, Fatima Zahra Jelloul, Andrew G. Evans, W. Richard Burack, John M. Bennett, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Wei Wang and Siba El Hussein
Cancers 2025, 17(8), 1354; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17081354 - 18 Apr 2025
Viewed by 727
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with RUNX1::RUNX1T1 fusion is well known to often demonstrate aberrant upregulation of CD19 expression. We studied the clinicopathologic and genetic features of 16 cases of AML with various RUNX1 lesions, including mutations, copy number gains, and translocations [...] Read more.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with RUNX1::RUNX1T1 fusion is well known to often demonstrate aberrant upregulation of CD19 expression. We studied the clinicopathologic and genetic features of 16 cases of AML with various RUNX1 lesions, including mutations, copy number gains, and translocations other than fusions with RUNX1T1. Most of these cases were classified as AML-myelodysplasia-related or AML-post-cytotoxic therapy based on the cytogenetic and molecular work-up. These neoplasms showed partial expression of one or more B-cell antigens by flow cytometry and/or immunohistochemistry, fulfilling the criteria for mixed-phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL)-B/myeloid (i.e., ≥20% blasts expressing B and myeloid lineage antigens) in most cases. These findings suggest that AML cases with RUNX1 lesions including mutations, copy number gains, and translocations other than RUNX1T1 fusion, also commonly express B-cell markers, imparting a “mixed-lineage-like” immunophenotype in cases of AML that otherwise fulfill the criteria for other defined subtypes. We present these cases as to caution regarding this potential diagnostic pitfall and favor a diagnosis of AML with RUNX1 lesion(s) in the setting of a case of AML with myeloid/B-cell antigen expression, a history of myelodysplasia or cytotoxic therapy, the demonstration of pDC differentiation by flow cytometry (generally associated with the presence of a RUNX1 mutation), and the presence of a RUNX1 lesion (mutation, copy number gain, and/or translocation exclusive of a rearrangement with RUNX1T1). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Pathology of Lymphoma and Leukemia)
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