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Proteomic and Oncogenic Biomarkers in Gastrointestinal Cancer

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biomarkers".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 229

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
Interests: inflammation; malignant diseases; diagnosis; tumor biomarkers; gastrointestinal cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor Assistant
Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Białystok, Poland
Interests: biomarkers; specific proteins; malignant disease; inflammation; gastrointestinal cancer

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are among the most prevalent and lethal malignancies worldwide, with aggressive progression and poor prognosis. GI neoplasms are complex diseases with dysregulation of the cellular signaling that controls proliferation and apoptosis. These may be caused by various genetic, genomic, and epigenetic alterations at the cellular or tissue levels. Despite advances, early detection remains challenging. Proteomic and oncogenic biomarkers, especially those identified via proteomic approaches, are vital for understanding tumor initiation, progression, and treatment response. Proteomic analysis reveals changes in protein levels and function, helping to better understand GI cancer progression. The search for new oncogenic and proteomic biomarkers can enhance early diagnosis, prognosis, and personalized treatment.

This Special Issue highlights the latest discoveries in these areas, emphasizing their clinical relevance and the importance of biomarker research in improving patient outcomes in GI oncology.

Dr. Marta Lukaszewicz-Zajac
Guest Editor

Adrianna Romanowicz
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tumor biomarkers
  • early detection
  • tumor progression
  • carcinogenesis
  • inflammatory mediators
  • gastrointestinal cancer
  • prognostic biomarkers

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

19 pages, 864 KB  
Review
FGFR2-Rearranged Biliary Tract Cancer: Biology, Resistance Mechanisms, and Emerging Therapeutic Strategies
by Xin Xin and Ruoyu Miao
Cancers 2026, 18(3), 531; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18030531 - 6 Feb 2026
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) rearrangements represent one of the most actionable molecular alterations in biliary tract cancer, particularly in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). Approximately 10–16% of iCCA cases harbor FGFR2 fusions or rearrangements, defining a distinct molecular subtype characterized by sensitivity to [...] Read more.
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) rearrangements represent one of the most actionable molecular alterations in biliary tract cancer, particularly in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). Approximately 10–16% of iCCA cases harbor FGFR2 fusions or rearrangements, defining a distinct molecular subtype characterized by sensitivity to FGFR-targeted therapies. Selective FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, including the reversible inhibitor pemigatinib and the irreversible inhibitor futibatinib, have demonstrated clinically meaningful response rates and durable disease control in patients with previously treated FGFR2-altered iCCA, leading to regulatory approvals and the incorporation of FGFR inhibition into contemporary treatment paradigms. However, the development of acquired resistance—most commonly driven by secondary kinase-domain mutations and activation of bypass signaling pathways—remains a major limitation to sustained therapeutic benefit. This review summarizes the biological basis of FGFR2 alterations, highlights current clinical evidence supporting FGFR inhibition, and discusses the evolving landscape of resistance mechanisms. We further examine emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at overcoming resistance, including next-generation FGFR inhibitors and rational combination approaches. In addition, we highlight the growing role of circulating tumor DNA as a noninvasive tool for longitudinal molecular monitoring and treatment guidance. Together, these insights underscore the central role of FGFR2-directed therapy in precision oncology for biliary tract cancer and provide a framework for optimizing and extending targeted treatment in this molecularly defined disease subset. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Proteomic and Oncogenic Biomarkers in Gastrointestinal Cancer)
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