The Emerging Landscape of Urological Cancers: Proven Concepts, Novel Insights

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2025) | Viewed by 2371

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Urology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Campus OWL Herford, Herford, Germany
Interests: renal; testicular; bladder cancer

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Guest Editor
Department of Urology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Campus OWL Herford, Herford, Germany
Interests: prostate

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Guest Editor
Department of Urology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
Interests: prostate cancer; health services research; equity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Uro-Oncology continues to be one of the most exciting fields in all of medicine. With more than 2 million new diagnoses per year and an expected continued surge over the next decade, especially in developing countries, we will face a magnitude of challenges in diagnostics, therapies and prevention.

Organ-confined, urological cancers can be treated by local treatments like (minimally-invasive) surgery or radiation with all their potential side-effects. Once spread, prognosis of most urological cancer entities remains poor. However, the treatment landscape is rapidly changing and we are continuously learning to integrate different treatment options for a more tailored and personalized approach for our patients. This Special Issue aims to 1. give an overview of recent treatment developments in urological cancer therapies, including innovative operative techniques as well as novel systemic approaches using immuno-, chemo- and other targeted or radioligand therapies and 2. provide the opportunity to display cutting-edge and thought-provoking concepts in this challenging setting.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews on kidney, urothelial, prostate, penile and testicular cancer are welcome. We very much look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Christian P. Meyer
Dr. Raisa S. Pompe
Dr. Quoc-Dien Trinh
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • urological cancer
  • genito-urinary cancer
  • novel therapies
  • prostate cancer
  • kidney cancer
  • bladder cancer
  • penile cancer
  • testicular cancer

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 763 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Audio and Audiovisual Distraction on Pain and Anxiety in Patients Receiving Outpatient Perineal Prostate Biopsies: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study
by Julia Carola Kaulfuss, Nicolas Hertzsprung, Henning Plage, Benedikt Gerdes, Sarah Weinberger, Thorsten Schlomm and Maximilian Reimann
Cancers 2025, 17(6), 959; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers17060959 - 12 Mar 2025
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Audio and audiovisual distraction can be effective additive tools to reduce anxiety and pain in patients receiving outpatient procedures (OP). Audiovisual distraction tools already showed positive effects on pain perception in some urological procedures. To identify the effects of audio and audiovisual [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Audio and audiovisual distraction can be effective additive tools to reduce anxiety and pain in patients receiving outpatient procedures (OP). Audiovisual distraction tools already showed positive effects on pain perception in some urological procedures. To identify the effects of audio and audiovisual distraction on pain and anxiety in patients receiving perineal prostate biopsy (PPB), we performed a prospective randomized controlled study. Methods: We recruited 168 male patients undergoing PPB which were randomized into three groups: a control group (CG), an audio distraction group (ADG) and an audiovisual distraction group (AVDG). The CG received no intervention, while the ADG received audio distraction and the AVDG received audiovisual distraction while PPB was performed. The primary endpoint was pain perception, measured in the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Secondary endpoints were subjective and objective procedure time (SPT/OPT), heart rate, blood pressure, cortisol blood levels and scores in the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire. Results: Demographics of each group were similar (CG = mean age (a) = 69.5; ADG a = 67 years; AVDG a = 67). We did not find any significant difference regarding our primary endpoint, pain perception (p = 0.384). In contrast, we examined a highly significant difference between SPT and OPT, comparing AVDG to CG (p < 0.001) and AVDG to ADG (p < 0.001), but not for ADG to CG (p = 0.348). There was no significant difference in the secondary endpoints, heart rate, blood pressure, STAI scores and willingness to repeat the procedure. Conclusions: Our study shows that audiovisual distraction can significantly shorten SPT for patients receiving PPB, which may represent their comfort throughout the procedure. To accelerate the wider implementation of audiovisual distraction as a cost-efficient tool in outpatient urological procedures, further studies should examine its effect on different OPs with a more heterogeneous patient group. Full article
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12 pages, 391 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Different Castration Resistance Definitions and Staging Modalities in Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
by Mike Wenzel, Benedikt Hoeh, Clara Humke, Carolin Siech, Cristina Cano Garcia, Georg Salomon, Tobias Maurer, Markus Graefen, Simon Bernatz, Andreas Michael Bucher, Luis Kluth, Felix K. H. Chun and Philipp Mandel
Cancers 2024, 16(20), 3506; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16203506 - 17 Oct 2024
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Abstract
Background/Objectives: Progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is defined either biochemically, radiographically or both. Moreover, staging for mCRPC can be performed either conventionally or with molecular imaging such as prostate-specific membrane antigen computer tomography (PSMA-PET/CT). Methods: We relied on the [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Progression to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is defined either biochemically, radiographically or both. Moreover, staging for mCRPC can be performed either conventionally or with molecular imaging such as prostate-specific membrane antigen computer tomography (PSMA-PET/CT). Methods: We relied on the Frankfurt Metastatic Cancer Database of the Prostate (FRAMCAP) database to compare progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) outcomes regarding the cause of castration resistance and the staging modality used. Results: Overall, 35% progressed to mCRPC biochemically vs. 23% radiographically vs. 42% biochemically + radiographically. The PSA nadir in mHSPC (1.4 vs. 0.4 vs. 0.8 ng/mL) and PSA level at mCRPC progression (15 vs. 2 vs. 21 ng/mL, both p ≤ 0.01) were significantly higher for biochemical vs. radiographic vs. both progressed patients. In PFS and OS analyses, no significant differences were observed among all three compared groups. In the comparison of the staging used for progression to mCRPC, 67% received conventional vs. 33% PSMA-PET/CT, with higher metastatic burden in mHSPC and osseous lesions in mCRPC for conventionally staged patients (both p < 0.01). In PFS (15.3 vs. 10.1 months, hazard ratio [HR]: 0.75) and OS analyses (52.6 vs. 34.3 months, HR: 0.61, both p < 0.05), PSMA-PET/CT harbored better prognosis; however, this did not hold after multivariable adjustment. Similar results were observed for further analyses in second- and third-line mCRPC or patients with a PSA level of ≥2 ng/mL. Conclusions: The cause of progression to mCRPC seems not to influence cancer-control outcomes, despite important baseline tumor characteristic differences. The PSMA-PET/CT staging modality might be associated with better PFS and OS outcomes, possibly due to its more sensitive detection of progression or new metastatic lesions. Full article
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