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Pediatric Surgery in Oncology: Innovations, Challenges, and Future Directions

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Pediatric Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 1673

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Golisano Children's Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
Interests: pediatric surgical oncology; pediatric general and thoracic surgery; image-guided surgery

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Guest Editor
Department of Surgical Sciences, Division Medical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Interests: pediatric surgery; neonatal surgery; global surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Pediatric surgical oncology is rapidly evolving, driven by technological innovation and the urgent need to balance oncologic control with organ preservation and long-term quality of life. Recent advances such as intraoperative image guidance, fluorescence-guided surgery, and augmented reality are enhancing surgical precision and safety. Minimally invasive approaches, including laparoscopic and robotic-assisted procedures, are increasingly applied to complex pediatric tumors, reducing morbidity and facilitating recovery. Organ-sparing resections and refined lymphatic mapping strategies are reshaping surgical standards, allowing preservation of function while ensuring oncologic adequacy. Despite these advances, significant challenges remain, including limited pediatric-specific evidence, integration of novel technologies across diverse healthcare settings, and long-term outcome validation. This Special Issue aims to highlight cutting-edge innovations, ongoing challenges, and future directions in pediatric surgical oncology. For this Special Issue of Cancers, we welcome original research and review articles addressing emerging technologies, multidisciplinary strategies, and pathways toward safer, more effective, and less invasive care for children with cancer.

Dr. Abdelhafeez H. Abdelhafeez
Prof. Dr. Kokila Lakhoo
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pediatric surgical oncology
  • intraoperative image guidance
  • minimally invasive surgery
  • fluorescence guidance
  • augmented reality
  • precision cancer surgery

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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14 pages, 1566 KB  
Review
A Scoping Review on Fluorescence-Guided Surgery in Paediatric Renal Tumours: Current Perspectives and Future Plans
by Max Pachl and Valerie Rudolf von Rohr
Cancers 2026, 18(6), 1041; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18061041 - 23 Mar 2026
Viewed by 600
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Paediatric renal tumours, particularly Wilms tumours, have good survival outcomes following multimodal therapy; however, long-term morbidity related to nephrectomy and adjuvant treatment remains a major concern. As treatment paradigms increasingly prioritize nephron preservation and minimization of late effects, there is growing [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Paediatric renal tumours, particularly Wilms tumours, have good survival outcomes following multimodal therapy; however, long-term morbidity related to nephrectomy and adjuvant treatment remains a major concern. As treatment paradigms increasingly prioritize nephron preservation and minimization of late effects, there is growing interest in technologies that can enhance intraoperative precision. Methods: A scoping review following the PRISMA guidelines was performed. We analysed articles on fluorescence for childhood renal tumours on 1 November 2025. Case reports, opinion articles, and narrative reviews were excluded. An Ovid Medline search with search terms “Kidney neoplasm” AND “Fluorescent Dyes”, along with a Cochrane trials registry search for “kidney” AND “neoplasm” AND “Fluorescent Dye”, was performed, along with a hand search of citations. Results: The Ovid Medline search yielded 21 results, and the Cochrane trials search gave 4 results. Following review, five papers were included, of which one was an ex vivo study and one was a randomised, controlled trial that is currently recruiting. Conclusions: There is a lack of evidence around the use of near-infrared fluorescence in paediatric renal tumour surgery. This review summarizes the key current findings and future perspectives. Full article
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Other

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16 pages, 1133 KB  
Systematic Review
Implementation of Synoptic Reports in Enhancing Documentation Practices in Pediatric Surgical Oncology: A Systematic Review
by Aydin Unal, Derek Harrison, Amos Hong Pheng Loh, Mohamed Albirair, Jaime Shalkow-Klincovstein, Sajid Qureshi, Simone de Campos Vieira Abib, Kokila Lakhoo and Abdelhafeez H. Abdelhafeez
Cancers 2026, 18(6), 939; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18060939 - 13 Mar 2026
Viewed by 616
Abstract
Purpose: Despite extensive evidence supporting synoptic reporting in adult surgical oncology, the pediatric surgical oncology evidence base remains sparse, institution-dependent, and implementation-limited, resulting in a critical translational gap. This systematic review evaluates the implementation and effectiveness of synoptic operative reports (SR) in improving [...] Read more.
Purpose: Despite extensive evidence supporting synoptic reporting in adult surgical oncology, the pediatric surgical oncology evidence base remains sparse, institution-dependent, and implementation-limited, resulting in a critical translational gap. This systematic review evaluates the implementation and effectiveness of synoptic operative reports (SR) in improving documentation completeness in pediatric oncology surgery compared with traditional narrative reports (NR). Methods: Prospective and retrospective studies evaluating operative report completeness in pediatric oncology surgery were identified through a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Of 1926 screened records, 11 articles underwent full-text review, and 4 studies met inclusion criteria. Results: The four included studies analyzed 341 operative reports (217 NRs and 124 SRs). Documentation completeness was the primary outcome. Across all evaluated intraoperative elements, synoptic reports were associated with approximately tenfold higher odds of complete documentation compared with narrative reports (pooled OR for NR vs. SR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.07–0.14; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Synoptic reporting consistently improves the completeness of pediatric oncologic operative documentation compared with narrative formats; however, adoption in pediatric surgical oncology remains limited. Multicenter and implementation-focused research is needed to assess scalability, integration within electronic medical record (EMR) systems, and the impact of synoptic reporting on communication and clinical decision-making. Full article
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