Sustainable Development of Concrete and Composite Structures

A special issue of Buildings (ISSN 2075-5309). This special issue belongs to the section "Building Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2025 | Viewed by 4919

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Sport, Health and Engineering, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
Interests: steel–concrete composite structures; steel structures; structural concrete; structural fire engineering; structural optimization; AI in structural engineering
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Guest Editor
Built Environment and Engineering, Institute of Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities (ISILC), Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia
Interests: concrete durability; steel structures; machine learning; structural stability; sustainable construction materials; circular economy in construction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
College of Sport, Health and Engineering, Institute of Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia
Interests: sustainability and built environment; construction materials; risk assessment and management; construction management
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
College of Sport, Health and Engineering, Institute of Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia
Interests: life cycle assessment of green buildings; existing building retrofits; building carbon management & sustainable development
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Guest Editor
School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
Interests: steel–concrete composite structures; steel structures; concrete structures; artificial intelligence
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Concrete, steel reinforcement, and structural steel are the most widely used materials in building and infrastructure construction. The production and usage of these materials in the construction of structures significantly contribute to global greenhouse gas emissions. It is therefore extremely important to account for sustainability in the production of materials and in the design, construction, and maintenance of buildings and infrastructure to achieve a net-zero emissions scenario.

This Special Issue focuses on the sustainable development of concrete structures and steel–concrete composite structures. It covers (but is not limited to) the following: experimental and numerical studies on the behaviour of sustainable concrete, recycled materials, structural members, and structures; advanced simulation technologies; new design methods; structural optimization; artificial intelligence; sustainable construction; and life cycle assessments for sustainable concrete and composite structures.

The Guest Editors hope that this Special Issue is of great interest to the concrete and composite construction communities and will contribute to the net-zero future of the environment.

Dr. Qing Quan Liang
Dr. Yanni Bouras
Dr. Le Li
Dr. Shuo Chen
Dr. Anne WM Ng
Dr. Mizan Ahmed
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sustainable concrete
  • recycled materials
  • concrete structures
  • steel–concrete composite structures
  • modelling and simulation
  • structural optimization
  • artificial intelligence
  • sustainable construction
  • life cycle assessment
  • embodied carbon emission

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 10644 KiB  
Article
Shear Strengthening of RC Beams Incorporating Post-Tensioned Bars and Engineered Cementitious Composite Reinforced with Palm Fronds
by Ahmed Hamoda, Aref A. Abadel, Khaled Sennah, Mizan Ahmed, Xihong Zhang and Mohamed Emara
Buildings 2024, 14(10), 3277; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14103277 - 16 Oct 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 948
Abstract
This paper investigates, experimentally and numerically, the shear strengthening of Normal Concrete (NC) beams using post-tensioning steel bars and Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) reinforced with chemically cured Palm Fronds (PFs). The benefits of strain-hardening ECC and the tensile strength of PFs cured with [...] Read more.
This paper investigates, experimentally and numerically, the shear strengthening of Normal Concrete (NC) beams using post-tensioning steel bars and Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) reinforced with chemically cured Palm Fronds (PFs). The benefits of strain-hardening ECC and the tensile strength of PFs cured with 6% wt Alkali NaOH solution beside post-tensioned bars have been employed herein. Seven full-scale Reinforced Concrete (RC) beams were fabricated and experimented with under three-point loading until failure. The test parameters include the strengthening technique, type, and configuration of the material used for strengthening. The strengthening process has been implemented through two techniques: Externally Bonded Reinforcement (EBR) and Near-Surface Mounted (NSM) Reinforcement. The strengthening materials have been configured and placed in horizontal, vertical, and inclined positions. The effectiveness of the strengthening methods has been evaluated by examining their cracking propagations, load-deflection responses, collapse modes, elastic stiffness, and absorbed energy. It was found that the proposed strengthening systems could significantly control the crack pattern and failure mode, and they could enhance the ultimate load amplitude up to 37% and 50% for NSM ECC with PFs and EBR post-tensioning steel bars, respectively. Nonlinear three-dimensional finite element models of the tested beams were developed and validated with the test data, where it was found that finite element models predict the structural performance of tested beams with a maximum error of only 2%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Development of Concrete and Composite Structures)
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24 pages, 8406 KiB  
Article
Flexural Behavior of Precast Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Beams with Intermediate Connection Filled with High-Performance Concrete
by Ahmed Hamoda, Mohamed Emara, Mizan Ahmed, Aref A. Abadel and Vipulkumar Ishvarbhai Patel
Buildings 2024, 14(9), 2823; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14092823 - 7 Sep 2024
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1306
Abstract
Precast rectangular reinforced concrete (PRRC) beams are joined on construction sites using concrete in situ to achieve the desired length. Limited research exists on the effect of intermediate connection shapes and the types of infilled concrete on the flexural performance of PRRC beams. [...] Read more.
Precast rectangular reinforced concrete (PRRC) beams are joined on construction sites using concrete in situ to achieve the desired length. Limited research exists on the effect of intermediate connection shapes and the types of infilled concrete on the flexural performance of PRRC beams. This paper presents a comprehensive experimental and numerical investigation into the performance of PRRC beams with various intermediate connection geometries and infilled materials under flexural loading. The study examines rectangular, triangular, and semi-circular intermediate connections, along with the performance of beams infilled with normal concrete (NC), engineered cementitious composites (ECC), ultra-high-performance ECC (UHPECC), and rubberized ECC (RECC). The experimental results indicate that the rectangular intermediate connection exhibits superior performance in terms of strength and energy absorption compared to the triangular and semi-circular shapes. Beams incorporating UHPECC demonstrated the most significant improvements in strength and energy absorption, outperforming those with ECC and RECC for any shape of intermediate connection. Moreover, beams with rectangular connections and UHPECC infill exhibited the most significant increase in energy absorption and ultimate load compared to the beams with ECC and RECC. The ultimate load of the beams with UHPECC and tensile reinforcement bar diameters of 10 mm and 12 mm increased by 13% and 29%, respectively, compared to the control beam. The energy absorption of the beams with tensile reinforcement bar diameters of 10 and 12 mm was found to be 75% and 184% higher, respectively, than the control beam. In addition, an increase in tensile bar diameter was found to enhance both the energy absorption and the ultimate load capacity of the beams, regardless of the type of infill concrete. Beams incorporating UHPECC demonstrated the most significant improvements in strength and energy absorption, outperforming those with ECC and RECC. In particular, beams with rectangular connections and UHPECC infill exhibited an increase in energy absorption and ultimate load of up to 184% and 29%, respectively. UHPC was calculated to be as high as 184%, and 29%, respectively, compared to the control beams. In addition, an increase in tensile bar diameter was found to enhance both energy absorption and ultimate load capacity. Finite element modeling (FEM) was developed and validated against the experimental results to ensure accuracy. A parametric study was conducted to study the effects of various concrete types in triangular and semi-circular connections, as well as the influence of intermediate connection length on semi-circular connections under flexural loads. The findings reveal that increasing the length of intermediate connections increases the ultimate load of the beams. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Development of Concrete and Composite Structures)
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27 pages, 8809 KiB  
Article
Seismic Performance of Drop-In Anchors in Concrete under Shear and Tension
by Khaled Sennah, Hossein Azimi, Mizan Ahmed and Ahmed Hamoda
Buildings 2024, 14(7), 2021; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings14072021 - 2 Jul 2024
Viewed by 1726
Abstract
This paper presents an experimental study conducted on the behavior of drop-in anchors in uncracked concrete slabs. Both seismic (cyclic) load tests and static load tests to collapse are performed on drop-in anchors subjected to tension or shear forces. Three different anchor sizes [...] Read more.
This paper presents an experimental study conducted on the behavior of drop-in anchors in uncracked concrete slabs. Both seismic (cyclic) load tests and static load tests to collapse are performed on drop-in anchors subjected to tension or shear forces. Three different anchor sizes are subjected to seismic qualification testing, followed by a static load test to collapse. The test results confirm the capability of the tested anchors to sustain simulated pulsating seismic tension and shear loading with frequency ranges between 0.1 and 2.0 Hz. It was observed that no tension failure occurred at the end of the cyclic load tests for all the tested anchors, and their residual inelastic maximum displacement at the end of the cyclic tension test was relatively small. Moreover, the experimental results show that the anchors’ ultimate capacities are higher than those specified by the anchor manufacturer. Finally, the anchors’ experimental pullout shear capacities are compared with the failure prediction equations in the literature and design codes. It is found that the theoretical models provide a conservative prediction of the concrete breakout of anchors in tension compared to the experimental ultimate loads. The coefficient for pry-out strength (kcp) equal to 2 or slightly smaller than 2 is likely to predict a better pry-out capacity with the experimental results compared to the application of the high conservative value of kcp equal to 1, as given in the code. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Development of Concrete and Composite Structures)
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