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Biosensors
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Sensors for Detection of Bacteria and Their Toxins
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Sensors for Detection of Bacteria and Their Toxins

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Biosensors and Healthcare".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 May 2026 | Viewed by 934

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hui Jiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Detection and Traceability Technology of Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms, State Administration for Market Regulation, Nanjing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Nanjing 210038, China
Interests: biosensors; microfluidic chip; bacteria; bacterial toxins; cell evaluation of food safety; molecular imprinting; electrochemistry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bacteria and their toxins pose threats to multiple aspects including humans, animals, environment, and ecology. High-sensitivity, rapid, and high-throughput detection of bacteria and their toxins is essential for food safety risk identification, clinical diagnosis, and ecological monitoring. Traditional detection methods based on biochemical identification, immunology, and PCR have problems such as long detection time, low sensitivity, and complex pretreatment. Biosensors have advantages such as high sensitivity, rapid response, high specificity, and portability in detecting bacteria and their toxins, and have broad application prospects.

Dr. Hui Jiang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biosensors
  • bacteria
  • bacterial toxins
  • point of care testing
  • high-throughput analysis
  • microfluidic chip
  • nanomaterials

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1115 KB  
Article
Click Detect: A Rapid and Sensitive Assay for Shiga Toxin 2 Detection
by Benjamin M. Thomas, Emma L. Webb, Katherine L. Yan, Alexi M. Fernandez and Zhilei Chen
Biosensors 2025, 15(12), 813; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15120813 - 14 Dec 2025
Viewed by 310
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a major foodborne pathogen, responsible for severe gastrointestinal disease and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Here, we report Click Detect, a novel diagnostic platform that leverages click display to efficiently produce sensing probes for sandwich-style antigen detection. Click [...] Read more.
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a major foodborne pathogen, responsible for severe gastrointestinal disease and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Here, we report Click Detect, a novel diagnostic platform that leverages click display to efficiently produce sensing probes for sandwich-style antigen detection. Click display is an in vitro protein display technology that generates uniform and covalently linked protein–cDNA conjugates in a simple one-pot reaction format within 2 h. The captured sensing probe can be quantified by standard nucleic acid amplification assays. Using click displayed DARPin (D#20) as the sensing probe and a high-affinity nanobody (NG1) as the capture reagent, Click Detect reliably detected Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2) at 600 fM by quantitative PCR (qPCR) and 6 pM by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The assay maintained comparable sensitivity in matrices containing up to 40% public swimming pool water or lettuce extract, highlighting robustness for real-world surveillance applications. Key advantages of Click Detect include simple, rapid, and cost-effective (~USD 0.04 per assay) sensing probe preparation, as well as a versatile plug-and-play probe format for detecting other targets. We believe that Click Detect has great potential as a novel sensing platform for food/environmental monitoring and point-of-care diagnostics, with potentially broad applicability to other toxins and protein targets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for Detection of Bacteria and Their Toxins)
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15 pages, 2464 KB  
Article
A Novel Approach for Tissue Analysis in Joint Infections Using the Scattered Light Integrating Collector (SLIC)
by Elio Assaf, Cosmea F. Amerschläger, Vincent B. Nessler, Kani Ali, Robert Ossendorff, Max Jaenisch, Andreas C. Strauss, Christof Burger, Gunnar T. Hischebeth, Phillip J. Walmsley, Dieter C. Wirtz, Robert J. H. Hammond, Damien Bertheloot and Frank A. Schildberg
Biosensors 2025, 15(12), 795; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15120795 - 4 Dec 2025
Viewed by 327
Abstract
Total joint arthroplasty is among the most common surgical procedures performed worldwide, with frequency increasing due to demographic changes. Accelerating the diagnostic process using new techniques is crucial for effective therapy. This pilot study aims to test such innovative technology in the context [...] Read more.
Total joint arthroplasty is among the most common surgical procedures performed worldwide, with frequency increasing due to demographic changes. Accelerating the diagnostic process using new techniques is crucial for effective therapy. This pilot study aims to test such innovative technology in the context of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) using Scattered Light Integrating Collector (SLIC) technology. While we wish to evaluate whether SLIC can be used to reliably detect the status of infection within human tissue samples in the future, our current research focused on building its foundation by evaluating steps of sample preparation that allow for heightened growth depiction. It is, to our knowledge, the first study concerning the usage of solid human tissue samples using the SLIC device. Adult patients presenting with native or periprosthetic joint infections were included in this prospective study. Biopsies were obtained using sequential sampling, and bacterial density was optimized through titration series. Cryopreservation and agents influencing coagulation were investigated. Our study demonstrates that simple pretreatment could aid in detecting pathogen growth in infected tissue samples. Findings showed a clear advantage for no addition of agents affecting coagulation. Additionally, our protocols proved reliable after prolonged cryopreservation at −20 °C for up to 8 weeks, showing no significant difference compared to primary testing. AUC comparison showed comparable results for sample storage at −80 °C for up to 8 weeks. Similar outcomes were seen for samples ranging from 25 µL to 300 µL, with biological replicates displaying higher thresholds for larger volumes without significant differences. This study introduces a simple and quick diagnostic tool for detecting bacterial growth using tissue biopsies and develops an SOP for further research with this innovative technique. The suggested SOP enables SLIC to hint at an underlying bacterial infection within 5 h using joint tissue, offering a possible novel approach in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infections and septic arthritis. While not yet designed to compare sensitivity to other culture methods, it provides a solid basis for further clinical research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for Detection of Bacteria and Their Toxins)
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