The Role of Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) in Cell-to-Cell Communication

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Cellular Biochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2026 | Viewed by 1554

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Guest Editor
Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
Interests: cancer pathogenesis; genomics; tumor suppressor genes, DNA damage and repair; genetic and epigenetic alteration and drug resistance; anti-cancer drug screening
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound particles released by cells that play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication. In the context of cancer, EVs are involved in various stages of tumorigenesis:

  • Initiation: EVs can carry oncogenic factors such as proteins, RNAs, and microRNAs that promote the transformation of normal cells into cancerous cells. They facilitate the creation of a tumor-friendly environment by modulating immune responses and altering the behavior of surrounding cells.
  • Progression: During tumor progression, EVs contribute to the growth and survival of cancer cells. They support angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) and help in remodeling the extracellular matrix, which provides structural support for tumor expansion.
  • Metastasis: EVs play a pivotal role in metastasis by preparing distant sites for tumor cell colonization, a process known as pre-metastatic niche formation. They aid in the detachment of cancer cells from the primary tumor, their survival in the bloodstream, and their invasion into distant organs.

This Special Issue’s scope is the three stages of tumorigenesis listed above, and we are accepting original research articles, reviews, and brief reports that focus on these areas.

Dr. Yuqian Yan
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • extracellular vesicles (EVs)
  • tumorigenesis
  • initiation
  • progression
  • metastasis

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

26 pages, 2523 KB  
Review
Neurovascular Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: The Role of Adipocyte-Derived Exosomes
by Harshal Sawant and Ji Chen Bihl
Biomolecules 2026, 16(2), 233; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom16020233 - 3 Feb 2026
Viewed by 908
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with far-reaching morbidities. Among these, diabetes-related cerebrovascular complications such as ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, cerebral blood vessel disease, and vascular dementia are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality. Adipose [...] Read more.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with far-reaching morbidities. Among these, diabetes-related cerebrovascular complications such as ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, cerebral blood vessel disease, and vascular dementia are significant contributors to morbidity and mortality. Adipose tissue is a metabolically active endocrine organ that becomes dysfunctional in T2DM and communicates with distant tissues via secreted factors, including extracellular vesicles such as exosomes (EXs), phospholipid bilayer-enclosed nanosized particles. These adipocyte-derived exosomes (Ad-EXs) carry bioactive cargo, including lipids, proteins, and microRNAs that influence the function of distant organs, including the brain. Evidence indicates that Ad-EXs in T2DM are a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular complications via neurovascular impairment either directly through the adipose tissue–brain axis or indirectly by other organs. This review provides an overview of current knowledge on how Ad-EXs from different adipocyte populations contribute to cerebrovascular complications through oxidative stress, blood–brain barrier disruption, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Particular emphasis is placed on recent findings and gaps in knowledge linking diabetic Ad-EXs with brain microvascular endothelial cells that mediate neurovascular crosstalk, contributing to stroke susceptibility and cognitive decline. We also discuss the potential of Ad-EXs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cerebrovascular complications of T2DM. Full article
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