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Biomedicines
Special Issues
Recent Advances in Endocrine Disease and Atherosclerosis
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Recent Advances in Endocrine Disease and Atherosclerosis

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology and Metabolism Research".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2026) | Viewed by 5571

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sergio Martínez-Hervás

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Medicine, University of Valencia and Endocrinology, 46010 Valencia, Spain
2. Nutrition Department, Hospital Clinico Universitario of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
3. INCLIVA Biomedical Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
4. CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Interests: diabetes; dyslipidemia; insulin resistance; atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disease; inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Many factors have been associated with the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Different endocrine disorders, such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, acromegaly, Cushing’s syndrome, and hypothyroidism, have been associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.

This Special Issue of Biomedicines focuses on recent advances in the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of endocrine disorders related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease development. Detailed knowledge on this topic is needed to prevent the development of cardiovascular disease.

Dr. Sergio Martínez-Hervás
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diabetes
  • dyslipidemia
  • obesity
  • insulin resistance
  • subclinical atherosclerosis
  • atherosclerosis
  • cardiovascular disease

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 3450 KB  
Article
Acacetin Attenuates Lysophosphatidylcholine-Induced Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Injury via Sirt1-Nrf2/p62 Signaling Axis
by Yun-Da Li, Yao Wu, Tian-Li Zhou, Qian Yuan, Gui-Rong Li, Wei-Yin Wu, Yan Wang and Gang Li
Biomedicines 2026, 14(1), 194; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14010194 - 15 Jan 2026
Viewed by 631
Abstract
Background: Acacetin, a naturally occurring flavone present in various plants, is known as a promising drug candidate for cardiovascular disorders. Our previous study demonstrated that acacetin ameliorates atherosclerosis through endothelial cell protection; however, its pharmacological effects on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remain [...] Read more.
Background: Acacetin, a naturally occurring flavone present in various plants, is known as a promising drug candidate for cardiovascular disorders. Our previous study demonstrated that acacetin ameliorates atherosclerosis through endothelial cell protection; however, its pharmacological effects on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) remain unexplored. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of acacetin against lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC)-induced VSMC injury and elucidates the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods and Results: Multiple biochemical techniques were employed in the present study. The results showed that acacetin significantly attenuated LysoPC-induced apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in cultured VSMCs. Western blot analysis revealed that the cytoprotection of acacetin was associated with upregulated expression of antioxidant defense proteins, including nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), catalase (CAT), NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), and superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). Nrf2 silencing completely abolished these protective effects. Mechanistically, siRNA-silencing of Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) abrogated acacetin-induced modulation of the Nrf2/Keap1/p62 signaling. In vivo validation using aortic tissues from high-fat-diet-fed ApoE−/− mice confirmed that acacetin effectively suppressed VSMC apoptosis and ROS overproduction associated with restoring the downregulated Sirt1 expression levels. Conclusions: These findings establish a novel mechanistic paradigm wherein acacetin confers protection against LysoPC-induced VSMC apoptosis and oxidative stress through Sirt1-dependent activation of the Nrf2/p62 signaling pathway, suggesting that acacetin is a promising therapeutic drug candidate for atherosclerotic plaque stabilization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Endocrine Disease and Atherosclerosis)
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12 pages, 272 KB  
Article
Increased CX3CL1/CX3CR1 Axis Is Related to Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Familial Combined Hyperlipidaemia, Which Is Modulated by Insulin Resistance but Not by Sex
by Elena Jiménez-Martí, Clara Espinosa-Bellido, Blanca Alabadi, Gema Hurtado-Genovés, Antonio Enrique-Medina, Susana Martín-Vañó, Víctor Casas, Eduardo A. Cortés Nadal, José T. Real, Herminia González-Navarro and Sergio Martínez-Hervás
Biomedicines 2025, 13(10), 2378; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102378 - 28 Sep 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 828
Abstract
Background: A major factor in the development of atherosclerosis is the presence of a chronic inflammatory state. The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, but until now, scarce data are available [...] Read more.
Background: A major factor in the development of atherosclerosis is the presence of a chronic inflammatory state. The CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis has been implicated in the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease, but until now, scarce data are available regarding the influence of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in familial combined hyperlipidaemia (FCH). Since FCH is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease, the objective of the present study was to assess the presence of alterations in the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in patients with FCH and to evaluate the influence of insulin resistance (IR) and sex. Methods: A cohort of 47 subjects with FCH and 38 control subjects was included. We measured the lipid profile, glucose, and insulin levels in plasma, circulating blood CX3CL1 levels, and CX3CR1 mRNA expression. Carotid IMT and the presence of atheroma plaques were also evaluated. Results: FCH subjects showed significantly higher activation of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis than controls. In addition, FCH individuals with IR showed the worst profile of inflammation status, higher carotid IMT, and a higher prevalence of atherosclerotic plaque compared to controls and FCH patients without IR. However, sex did not influence the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis. Conclusions: FCH patients showed an increased CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis, which was positively correlated with IR, but not with sex. These data could partially explain the increased risk of cardiovascular events in primary dyslipidemic patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Endocrine Disease and Atherosclerosis)

Review

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48 pages, 1752 KB  
Review
The Natural History of Prediabetes and Cardiovascular Disease in the Pediatric Population
by Siham Accacha, Julia Barillas-Cerritos, Liana Gabriel, Ankita Srivastava, Shelly Gulkarov, Jennifer A. Apsan, Joshua De Leon and Allison B. Reiss
Biomedicines 2026, 14(1), 198; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14010198 - 16 Jan 2026
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3383
Abstract
The prevalence and incidence of prediabetes in children and youth continue to increase in parallel with the obesity epidemic. While prediabetes is defined by elevated HbA1c and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and/or impaired fasting glucose (IFG), the risk of clinical disease is a [...] Read more.
The prevalence and incidence of prediabetes in children and youth continue to increase in parallel with the obesity epidemic. While prediabetes is defined by elevated HbA1c and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and/or impaired fasting glucose (IFG), the risk of clinical disease is a continuum. Individuals with prediabetes are at a higher risk of developing youth-onset type 2 diabetes, which is considered a more aggressive form of the disease. This condition is associated with increased cardiovascular and metabolic risks and leads to an earlier onset of complications compared to adults with type 2 diabetes. Additionally, significant damage to beta cells may occur even before dysglycemia develops. Recent data indicate that mortality rates are higher in youths with type 2 diabetes compared to those with type 1 diabetes. Childhood prediabetes and cardiovascular complications associated with it are a significant health concern. This review provides the latest insights into this complex issue. We will present an overview of pathophysiology, screening methods, and therapeutic options to prevent the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes in children. In summary, it is crucial to identify prediabetes in children, as this underscores the importance of appropriate screening and timely intervention. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Endocrine Disease and Atherosclerosis)
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