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Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic...
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Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches (3rd Edition)

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2025 | Viewed by 2254

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dingpei Long

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Digestive Disease Research Group, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
2. State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Key Laboratory for Sericulture Functional Genomics & Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
Interests: inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); ulcerative colitis (UC); colitis-associated cancer (CAC); drug delivery systems (DDSs); natural lipid nanoparticles; natural/genetically modified silk fibroin nanoparticles
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Junsik Sung

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
Interests: nanoparticles; nanomedicine; targeted drug delivery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic conditions affecting the digestive tract, with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) being the two main forms. The exact cause of IBD is unknown, but a combination of genetic and environmental factors is believed to be involved. The disease is characterized by a range of symptoms, including abdominal pain, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, weight loss, and malnutrition. The pathophysiology of IBD involves an abnormal immune response in the gut, leading to chronic inflammation and damage to the intestinal lining. Treating IBD has been a challenge for the medical community due to the complexity of the disease and limited understanding of its pathophysiology. Current therapies include medications reducing inflammation, such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologic therapies, but these can have significant side effects and may not be effective for all patients. Innovative therapeutic approaches for IBD, including stem cell transplantation, fecal microbiota transplantation, and modulation of the gut microbiome, are currently under investigation. Researchers are also exploring targeted therapies targeting the underlying causes of IBD, such as novel drug delivery platforms based on micro- and nanotechnology. Significant advances have been made in understanding the mechanisms of IBD and developing new therapeutic approaches in recent years. This Special Issue will publish the latest research advances in IBD and bring together researchers and clinical doctors participating in IBD research. Global experts will discuss topics such as the mechanisms of IBD and research advances in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of IBD.

Dr. Dingpei Long
Dr. Junsik Sung
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • inflammatory bowel disease
  • Crohn’s disease
  • ulcerative colitis
  • chronic inflammation
  • pathophysiological mechanisms
  • therapeutic approaches
  • stem cell transplantation
  • fecal microbiota transplantation
  • gut microbiome
  • targeted therapies

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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15 pages, 3116 KiB  
Article
Integrated Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Novel Insights into the Role of Opioid Signaling in the Pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease
by Mudan Zhang, Zhuo Xie, Shenghong Zhang and Gaoshi Zhou
Biomedicines 2025, 13(6), 1398; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13061398 - 6 Jun 2025
Viewed by 425
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is characterized by chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases with complex etiology and remains a therapeutic challenge due to heterogeneous treatment responses. Opioids are widely used for analgesic management in IBD, yet [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is characterized by chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases with complex etiology and remains a therapeutic challenge due to heterogeneous treatment responses. Opioids are widely used for analgesic management in IBD, yet the role of opioid signaling in IBD remains unclear. Methods: We employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), bulk RNA sequencing, CellChat analysis, and transcription factor activity assessment to systematically investigate the roles and underlying mechanisms of opioid signaling-related genes in IBD. Results: We characterized opioid signaling-related genes in IBD at single-cell resolution and identified a novel subset of monocytes with a high expression level of opioid signaling-related genes (OpiHi monocytes). OpiHi monocytes were enriched in IBD tissues and served as a predominant source of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related signaling in the tissues of IBD. An inflammatory microenvironment in IBD drove the generation of OpiHi monocytes. Moreover, the prediction model based on OpiHi monocytes marker genes had robust predictive performance for the therapeutic response to anti-TNF therapy in IBD. Conclusions: This study provides novel insights into opioid signaling in IBD pathogenesis at the cellular level and establishes a reliable biomarker for precise management of anti-TNF therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches (3rd Edition))
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Review

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22 pages, 643 KiB  
Review
JAK Inhibitor and Crohn’s Disease
by Mengyan Xu, Shi Wang, Sanping Xu and Rui Gong
Biomedicines 2025, 13(6), 1325; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13061325 - 29 May 2025
Viewed by 473
Abstract
Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory granulomatous disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The global incidence and prevalence of Crohn’s disease have significantly increased, largely due to genetic susceptibility, environmental changes, and advancements in diagnostic technology. In recent years, the pharmacologic treatment of Crohn’s [...] Read more.
Crohn’s disease is a chronic inflammatory granulomatous disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The global incidence and prevalence of Crohn’s disease have significantly increased, largely due to genetic susceptibility, environmental changes, and advancements in diagnostic technology. In recent years, the pharmacologic treatment of Crohn’s disease has been rapidly changing, and although biologics have improved the prognosis of patients to a certain extent, they still have certain limitations. Oral small molecule drugs like JAK inhibitors have become a research hotspot because of their advantages of targeting and regulating the JAK/STAT pathway, convenient administration, and rapid onset of action. JAK inhibitors exhibit divergent therapeutic profiles. Clinical trials have shown that tofacitinib demonstrates limited efficacy in Crohn’s disease management. Filgotinib initially showed clinical remission in phase 2 trials; while its subsequent phase 3 studies failed to demonstrate consistent endoscopic improvement. In contrast, upadacitinib achieved notable clinical remission rates during both induction and maintenance phases of phase 2 trials. However, long-term safety concerns, including thromboembolic events, cardiovascular events, opportunistic infections, and potential malignancy risks, warrant cautious clinical application. This article systematically reviews the pathophysiology of Crohn’s disease, and the evidence for the efficacy and safety of JAK inhibitors to guide clinical practice and research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches (3rd Edition))
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25 pages, 2527 KiB  
Review
Optimizing Biologic Therapy for the Prevention of Post-Operative Recurrence in Crohn’s Disease: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives
by Reem Aljabri, Saqer Al-Saraie and Ahmed Alhouti
Biomedicines 2025, 13(5), 1232; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13051232 - 19 May 2025
Viewed by 833
Abstract
Crohn’s disease (CD) imposes a substantial burden on patients due to its chronic, relapsing nature, often necessitating surgical intervention. However, surgery is not curative, and post-operative recurrence (POR) remains a major clinical challenge, with up to 80% of patients developing endoscopic recurrence within [...] Read more.
Crohn’s disease (CD) imposes a substantial burden on patients due to its chronic, relapsing nature, often necessitating surgical intervention. However, surgery is not curative, and post-operative recurrence (POR) remains a major clinical challenge, with up to 80% of patients developing endoscopic recurrence within one year if left untreated. The pathophysiology of POR is multifactorial, involving dysregulated immune responses, gut microbiota alterations, and mucosal healing impairment, highlighting the need for targeted therapeutic strategies. This review aims to explore the current landscape of POR management, focusing on biologic therapies and emerging advanced treatments. Conventional management relies on early prophylactic therapy with anti-TNF agents such as infliximab and adalimumab, which have demonstrated efficacy in reducing endoscopic and clinical recurrence. However, newer biologics, including IL-23 inhibitors (risankizumab) and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (upadacitinib), have shown promise in CD management, though their role in POR remains underexplored. The lack of direct clinical evidence for advanced biologics in POR prevention, combined with inter-individual variability in treatment response, underscores the need for further research. Future directions should focus on optimizing therapeutic strategies through personalized medicine, identifying predictive biomarkers, and conducting robust trials to establish the efficacy of novel agents in POR prevention. A tailored, evidence-driven approach is essential to improving long-term outcomes and minimizing disease recurrence in post-operative CD patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: From Pathophysiology to Novel Therapeutic Approaches (3rd Edition))
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