Advances in Evolutionary Ecology of Host–Parasite Interactions

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Infection Biology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2025 | Viewed by 1381

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Interests: host-parasite interaction; avian; haemosporidian

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Parasitism has evolved independently in various taxa and become one of the most common lifestyles. Parasitic organisms are abundant and phylogenetically diverse; their interactions with hosts can have big evolutionary consequences, including emerging infectious disease in multiple species.

Parasites often live in ephemeral environments, because the host individuals they have infected may have changing health statuses and will die at some point. Therefore, the interaction between parasites and their hosts may vary during the evolutionary process; for example, a parasite may encounter and infect a novel host species and establish novel interactions.

Meanwhile, host range and geographical distribution vary greatly among parasites. Some parasites may keep the ability to infect a large variety of host species in different geographical locations, while others are restricted to a small set of host species. Understanding what makes parasites stick to a certain set of hosts or switch to others is important for basic research on disease evolution and ecological health.

We hereby call for studies in evolutionary ecology on host–parasite interactions, including (but not limited to) the host specificity of parasites, the host switching and host range expansion of parasites, the immune responses of hosts to endo- and etco-parasites, the phylogeography of parasites in certain or a set of hosts, the mechanisms in the establishment of novel host–parasite interactions, etc.

Dr. Xi Huang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • evolutionary ecology
  • infectious disease
  • host–parasite interactions
  • host switching
  • host specificity
  • immune response
  • phylogeography

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 2564 KiB  
Article
Genome Structure, Evolution, and Host Shift of Nosema
by Xiao Xiong, Christopher J. Geden, Yongjun Tan, Ying Zhang, Dapeng Zhang, John H. Werren and Xu Wang
Biology 2024, 13(11), 952; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13110952 - 19 Nov 2024
Viewed by 1022
Abstract
Nosema is a diverse fungal genus of unicellular, obligate symbionts infecting various arthropods. We performed comparative genomic analyses of seven Nosema species that infect bees, wasps, moths, butterflies, and amphipods. As intracellular parasites, these species exhibit significant genome reduction, retaining only about half [...] Read more.
Nosema is a diverse fungal genus of unicellular, obligate symbionts infecting various arthropods. We performed comparative genomic analyses of seven Nosema species that infect bees, wasps, moths, butterflies, and amphipods. As intracellular parasites, these species exhibit significant genome reduction, retaining only about half of the genes found in free-living yeast genomes. Notably, genes related to oxidative phosphorylation are entirely absent (p < 0.001), and those associated with endocytosis are significantly diminished compared to other pathways (p < 0.05). All seven Nosema genomes display significantly lower G-C content compared to their microsporidian outgroup. Species-specific 5~12 bp motifs were identified immediately upstream of start codons for coding genes in all species (p ≤ 1.6 × 10−72). Our RNA-seq data from Nosema muscidifuracis showed that this motif is enriched in highly expressed genes but depleted in lowly expressed ones (p < 0.05), suggesting it functions as a cis-regulatory element in gene expression. We also discovered diverse telomeric repeats within the genus. Phylogenomic analyses revealed two major Nosema clades and incongruency between the Nosema species tree and their hosts’ phylogeny, indicating potential host switch events (100% bootstrap values). This study advances the understanding of genomic architecture, gene regulation, and evolution of Nosema, offering valuable insights for developing strategies to control these microbial pathogens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Evolutionary Ecology of Host–Parasite Interactions)
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