Genome Plasticity in Disease, Evolution and Adaptation

A special issue of Biology (ISSN 2079-7737). This special issue belongs to the section "Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 2594

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70124 Bari, Italy
Interests: structural variations; evolutionary genetics; cytogenomics; cytogenetics; centromeres

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Co-Guest Editor
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics - Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology (CREA-VE), Turi (BA), Italy
Interests: genomics; plant genetics; molecular breeding; gene expression; sequencing; bioinformatics

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Co-Guest Editor
Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics, and Molecular Biotechnologies—National Research Council (IBIOM-CNR), Bari, Italy
Interests: bioinformatics; molecular biology; genome variation; cancer genetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Some regions of eukaryotic genomes are characterized by an outstanding plasticity. This has been demonstrated in animal as well as in plant genomes. Genomic plasticity can be due either to an inherent feature, as observed for centromeric regions, or to the presence of “triggering” elements, such as regions enriched in segmental duplications or transposable elements.

Plastic genomic regions are more prone to genomic rearrangements, allowing for structural variants or neocentromere seeding. Besides having negative consequences, as shown in human genomic disorders, these regions confer to genomes the ability to evolve with high dynamicity, adapt to environmental changes also in order to respond to stress, and contribute to speciation.

Nowadays, there is much interest in studying these regions not only to increase our knowledge of genomes structure and evolution, but also to understand their functional effect on inter-individual phenotypic differences and the mechanisms involved in the genesis of genomic plasticity.

This Special Issue welcomes the submission of research articles and reviews on genome plasticity and genomic variability. More in detail, submissions should be focused on the effects of these two mechanisms on the evolution of genomes and the adaptation of organisms, including the plasticity of the transcriptome and regulatory elements.

Dr. Claudia R. Catacchio
Dr. Maria Francesca Cardone
Dr. Alberto L’Abbate
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • genome plasticity;
  • centromeres;
  • structural variation;
  • genomic rearrangements;
  • evolution;
  • plant adaptation;
  • chromothripsis.

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

11 pages, 1717 KiB  
Article
Repetitive Sequence Distribution on Saguinus, Leontocebus and Leontopithecus Tamarins (Platyrrhine, Primates) by Mapping Telomeric (TTAGGG) Motifs and rDNA Loci
by Simona Ceraulo, Polina L. Perelman, Sofia Mazzoleni, Michail Rovatsos and Francesca Dumas
Biology 2021, 10(9), 844; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology10090844 - 30 Aug 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1911
Abstract
Tamarins are a distinct group of small sized New World monkeys with complex phylogenetic relationships and poorly studied cytogenetic traits. In this study, we applied molecular cytogenetic analyses by fluorescence in situ hybridization with probes specific for telomeric sequences and ribosomal DNA loci [...] Read more.
Tamarins are a distinct group of small sized New World monkeys with complex phylogenetic relationships and poorly studied cytogenetic traits. In this study, we applied molecular cytogenetic analyses by fluorescence in situ hybridization with probes specific for telomeric sequences and ribosomal DNA loci after DAPI/CMA3 staining on metaphases from five tamarin species, namely Leontocebus fuscicollis, Leontopithecus rosalia, Saguinus geoffroyi, Saguinus mystax and Saguinus oedipus, with the aim to investigate the distribution of repetitive sequences and their possible role in genome evolution. Our analyses revealed that all five examined species show similar karyotypes, 2n = 46, which differ mainly in the morphology of chromosome pairs 16–17 and 19–22, due to the diverse distribution of rDNA loci, the amplification of telomeric-like sequences, the presence of heterochromatic blocks and/or putative chromosomal rearrangements, such as inversions. The differences in cytogenetic traits between species of tamarins are discussed in a comparative phylogenetic framework, and in addition to data from previous studies, we underline synapomorphies and apomorphisms that appeared during the diversification of this group of New World monkeys. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genome Plasticity in Disease, Evolution and Adaptation)
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