Musculoskeletal Disorders and Diseases: Biomechanical Modeling in Sport, Health, Rehabilitation and Ergonomics

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomechanics and Sports Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 5501

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
International Institute of Biomechanics and Occupational Ergonomics, Université de Toulon, CS60584, 83041 Toulon, France
Interests: musculoskeletal disorders; systematic reviews and meta-analysis; occupational health; ergonomics; biomechanics; MSD prevalence; safety; public health
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Protecting people at work and at leisure, and improving their quality of life, is one of the major challenges of our century. From this perspective, understanding the mechanisms that lead to the development of musculoskeletal disorders and diseases is a major multidisciplinary scientific challenge. This Special Issue is dedicated to recent advances in biomechanical modeling research used to explore and understand the musculoskeletal system (macro- and microscopic). Computational techniques, biomechanical calculation tools and numerical tools enable us to quantify and qualify the most important parameters (biomechanical, physiological, biological or environmental) involved in the onset, prevention and reduction of the effects of musculoskeletal disorders and/or the development of musculoskeletal diseases. They can be used as a complement to experimental protocols, clinical studies, process design, ergonomics, etc., to study, evaluate and understand various situations in life, such as repeated movements in the workplace, evaluation of leisure-time physical activities, analysis of sporting movements to assess performance, design of new equipment to compensate for a motor impairment, proposal of new recommendations in a clinical setting, etc. We support all articles promoting the latest research in the fields of sport, health, rehabilitation and ergonomics that contribute to improving people's health and quality of life.

Prof. Dr. Philippe Gorce
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • musculoskeletal disorders
  • musculoskeletal diseases
  • injury biomechanics
  • muscle biomechanics dynamic and kinematic modeling
  • gait and posture
  • muscle electromyography
  • motion analysis
  • postural control and balance
  • occupational health
  • occupational ergonomics
  • sport medicine
  • sport performance
  • quality of life

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2326 KiB  
Article
Differential Back Muscle Flexion–Relaxation Phenomenon in Constrained versus Unconstrained Leg Postures
by Yi-Lang Chen and Ying-Hua Liao
Bioengineering 2024, 11(7), 736; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11070736 - 20 Jul 2024
Viewed by 249
Abstract
Previous studies examining the flexion–relaxation phenomenon (FRP) in back muscles through trunk forward flexion tests have yielded inconsistent findings, primarily due to variations in leg posture control. This study aimed to explore the influence of leg posture control and individual flexibility on FRP [...] Read more.
Previous studies examining the flexion–relaxation phenomenon (FRP) in back muscles through trunk forward flexion tests have yielded inconsistent findings, primarily due to variations in leg posture control. This study aimed to explore the influence of leg posture control and individual flexibility on FRP in back and low limb muscles. Thirty-two male participants, evenly distributed into high- and low-flexibility groups, were recruited. Activities of the erector spinae, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius muscles, alongside the lumbosacral angle (LSA), were recorded as participants executed trunk flexion from 0° to 90° in 15° increments, enabling an analysis of FRP and its correlation with the investigated variables. The findings highlighted significant effects of all examined factors on the measured responses. At a trunk flexion angle of 60°, the influence of leg posture and flexibility on erector spinae activities was particularly pronounced. Participants with limited flexibility exhibited the most prominent FRP under constrained leg posture, while those with greater flexibility and unconstrained leg posture displayed the least FRP, indicated by their relatively larger LSAs. Under constrained leg posture conditions, participants experienced an approximate 1/3 to 1/2 increase in gastrocnemius activity throughout trunk flexion from 30° to 90°, while biceps femoris activity remained relatively constant. Using an inappropriate leg posture during back muscle FRP assessments can overestimate FRP. These findings offer guidance for designing future FRP research protocols. Full article
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12 pages, 4779 KiB  
Article
The Influence of Dynamic Taping on Landing Biomechanics after Fatigue in Young Football Athletes: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Crossover Trial
by Chih-Kuan Wu, Yin-Chou Lin, Ya-Lin Chen, Yi-Ping Chao and Tsung-Hsun Hsieh
Bioengineering 2024, 11(6), 631; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11060631 - 20 Jun 2024
Viewed by 596
Abstract
Fatigue is believed to increase the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury by directly promoting high-risk biomechanics in the lower limbs. Studies have shown that dynamic taping can help normalize inadequate biomechanics during landings. This study aims to examine the effects of [...] Read more.
Fatigue is believed to increase the risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury by directly promoting high-risk biomechanics in the lower limbs. Studies have shown that dynamic taping can help normalize inadequate biomechanics during landings. This study aims to examine the effects of dynamic taping on landing biomechanics in fatigued football athletes. Twenty-seven high-school football athletes were recruited and randomly allocated to groups of either active taping or sham taping, with a crossover allocation two weeks later. In each group, the participants underwent a functional agility short-term fatigue protocol and were evaluated using the landing error scoring system before and after the fatigue protocol. The landing error scoring system (LESS) scores in the sham taping group increased from 4.24 ± 1.83 to 5.36 ± 2.00 (t = −2.07, p = 0.04, effect size = 0.61). In contrast, the pre–post difference did not reach statistical significance in the active taping group (from 4.24 ± 1.69 to 4.52 ± 1.69, t = −1.50, p = 0.15, effect size 0.46). Furthermore, the pre–post changes between the sham and active taping groups were statistically significant (sham taping: 1.12 ± 1.20; active taping: 0.28 ± 0.94, p = 0.007). Dynamic taping, particularly using the spiral technique, appeared to mitigate faulty landing biomechanics in the fatigued athletes by reducing hip and knee flexion and increasing hip internal rotation during landing. These results suggest that dynamic taping can potentially offer protective benefits in landing mechanics, which could further be applied to prevent ACL injuries in fatigued athletes. Full article
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16 pages, 1998 KiB  
Article
Preliminary Virtual Constraint-Based Control Evaluation on a Pediatric Lower-Limb Exoskeleton
by Anthony C. Goo, Curt A. Laubscher, Douglas A. Wajda and Jerzy T. Sawicki
Bioengineering 2024, 11(6), 590; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11060590 - 8 Jun 2024
Viewed by 828
Abstract
Pediatric gait rehabilitation and guidance strategies using robotic exoskeletons require a controller that encourages user volitional control and participation while guiding the wearer towards a stable gait cycle. Virtual constraint-based controllers have created stable gait cycles in bipedal robotic systems and have seen [...] Read more.
Pediatric gait rehabilitation and guidance strategies using robotic exoskeletons require a controller that encourages user volitional control and participation while guiding the wearer towards a stable gait cycle. Virtual constraint-based controllers have created stable gait cycles in bipedal robotic systems and have seen recent use in assistive exoskeletons. This paper evaluates a virtual constraint-based controller for pediatric gait guidance through comparison with a traditional time-dependent position tracking controller on a newly developed exoskeleton system. Walking experiments were performed with a healthy child subject wearing the exoskeleton under proportional-derivative control, virtual constraint-based control, and while unpowered. The participant questionnaires assessed the perceived exertion and controller usability measures, while sensors provided kinematic, control torque, and muscle activation data. The virtual constraint-based controller resulted in a gait similar to the proportional-derivative controlled gait but reduced the variability in the gait kinematics by 36.72% and 16.28% relative to unassisted gait in the hips and knees, respectively. The virtual constraint-based controller also used 35.89% and 4.44% less rms torque per gait cycle in the hips and knees, respectively. The user feedback indicated that the virtual constraint-based controller was intuitive and easy to utilize relative to the proportional-derivative controller. These results indicate that virtual constraint-based control has favorable characteristics for robot-assisted gait guidance. Full article
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16 pages, 6070 KiB  
Article
Biomechanical Effects of the Badminton Split-Step on Forecourt Lunging Footwork
by Yile Wang, Liu Xu, Hanhui Jiang, Lin Yu, Hanzhang Wu and Qichang Mei
Bioengineering 2024, 11(5), 501; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11050501 - 17 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 896
Abstract
Background: This research investigates the biomechanical impact of the split-step technique on forehand and backhand lunges in badminton, aiming to enhance players’ on-court movement efficiency. Despite the importance of agile positioning in badminton, the specific contributions of the split-step to the biomechanical impact [...] Read more.
Background: This research investigates the biomechanical impact of the split-step technique on forehand and backhand lunges in badminton, aiming to enhance players’ on-court movement efficiency. Despite the importance of agile positioning in badminton, the specific contributions of the split-step to the biomechanical impact of lunging footwork still need to be determined. Methods: This study examined the lower limb kinematics and ground reaction forces of 18 male badminton players performing forehand and backhand lunges. Data were collected using the VICON motion capture system and Kistler force platforms. Variability in biomechanical characteristics was assessed using paired-sample t-tests and Statistical Parametric Mapping 1D (SPM1D). Results: The study demonstrates that the split-step technique in badminton lunges significantly affects lower limb biomechanics. During forehand lunges, the split-step increases hip abduction and rotation while decreasing knee flexion at foot contact. In backhand lunges, it increases knee rotation and decreases ankle rotation. Additionally, the split-step enhances the loading rate of the initial ground reaction force peak and narrows the time gap between the first two peaks. Conclusions: These findings underscore the split-step’s potential in optimizing lunging techniques, improving performance and reducing injury risks in badminton athletes. Full article
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16 pages, 2874 KiB  
Article
Compensation Method for Missing and Misidentified Skeletons in Nursing Care Action Assessment by Improving Spatial Temporal Graph Convolutional Networks
by Xin Han, Norihiro Nishida, Minoru Morita, Takashi Sakai and Zhongwei Jiang
Bioengineering 2024, 11(2), 127; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering11020127 - 29 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1027
Abstract
With the increasing aging population, nursing care providers have been facing a substantial risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Visual-based pose estimation methods, like OpenPose, are commonly used for ergonomic posture risk assessment. However, these methods face difficulty when identifying overlapping and interactive [...] Read more.
With the increasing aging population, nursing care providers have been facing a substantial risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). Visual-based pose estimation methods, like OpenPose, are commonly used for ergonomic posture risk assessment. However, these methods face difficulty when identifying overlapping and interactive nursing tasks, resulting in missing and misidentified skeletons. To address this, we propose a skeleton compensation method using improved spatial temporal graph convolutional networks (ST-GCN), which integrates kinematic chain and action features to assess skeleton integrity and compensate for it. The results verified the effectiveness of our approach in optimizing skeletal loss and misidentification in nursing care tasks, leading to improved accuracy in calculating both skeleton joint angles and REBA scores. Moreover, comparative analysis against other skeleton compensation methods demonstrated the superior performance of our approach, achieving an 87.34% REBA accuracy score. Collectively, our method might hold promising potential for optimizing the skeleton loss and misidentification in nursing care tasks. Full article
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17 pages, 5057 KiB  
Article
Modeling and Analysis of Foot Function in Human Gait Using a Two-Degrees-of-Freedom Inverted Pendulum Model with an Arced Foot
by Qian Xiang, Shijie Guo, Jiaxin Wang, Kazunobu Hashimoto, Yong Liu and Lei Liu
Bioengineering 2023, 10(12), 1344; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10121344 - 22 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1237
Abstract
Gait models are important for the design and control of lower limb exoskeletons. The inverted pendulum model has advantages in simplicity and computational efficiency, but it also has the limitations of oversimplification and lack of realism. This paper proposes a two-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) inverted [...] Read more.
Gait models are important for the design and control of lower limb exoskeletons. The inverted pendulum model has advantages in simplicity and computational efficiency, but it also has the limitations of oversimplification and lack of realism. This paper proposes a two-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) inverted pendulum walking model by considering the knee joints for describing the characteristics of human gait. A new parameter, roll factor, is defined to express foot function in the model, and the relationships between the roll factor and gait parameters are investigated. Experiments were conducted to verify the model by testing seven healthy adults at different walking speeds. The results demonstrate that the roll factor has a strong relationship with other gait kinematics parameters, so it can be used as a simple parameter for expressing gait kinematics. In addition, the roll factor can be used to identify walking styles with high accuracy, including small broken step walking at 99.57%, inefficient walking at 98.14%, and normal walking at 99.43%. Full article
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