Nature-Based Interventions for Mental Health

A Special Issue of Behavioral Sciences (ISSN 2076-328X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 November 2026 | Viewed by 2188

Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Psychology, College of Education, Behavioural and Social Sciences, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
Interests: conservation psychology; biodiversity conservation; human-animal interactions; nature connection; wellbeing; child development; nature play

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Guest Editor
School of Physics, Chemistry & Earth Sciences, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
Interests: conservation psychology; human dimensions of environment; biophilia; biophobia; ocean literacy; shark conservation; nature connection; wellbeing

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Guest Editor
School of Psychology, College of Education, Behavioural and Social Sciences, Adelaide University, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
Interests: conservation psychology; human-animal interactions; animal behaviour; responsible tourism; nature connection; wellbeing
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Contemporary perspectives on health are beginning to recognise the inherent interconnections between the physical and psychological wellbeing of both people and our planet. This is reflected by the transdisciplinary One Health perspective (Adisasmito et al., 2022) and the expansion of bio-psycho-social models of psychological wellbeing that situate people in their ecological context (Isham et al., 2023; Tretter & Löffler-Stastka, 2019) and are consistent with Indigenous perspectives on wellbeing that have long recognised the influence of connections with country that impact psychological health (e.g., the social emotional wellbeing model for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples in Australia; Dudgeon et al., 2025). Both increased contact with nature and enhanced psychological connectedness with nature are recognised as protective factors for mental health (Martin et al., 2020), which has led to a recent surge in nature-based wellbeing programmes and policies around the world (Maller et al., 2006; Rice et al., 2020). Yet, at the same time, human behaviour in the Anthropocene era continues to drive climate degradation and challenges the future viability of the planet on which we are dependent for survival and has underpinned an increasing prevalence of climate-related psychological distress, including eco-grief, eco-anxiety, and solastalgia (Koder et al., 2023). Interventions that seek to enhance human wellbeing through engagement with nature, and more sustainable human–nature relationships, span diverse disciplines and modalities, cutting right across the spectrum from treatment and prevention of psychological distress to optimising psychological wellbeing and flourishing (Kaleta et al., 2025). Such interventions must hold at their core a commitment to enhancing the wellbeing of both people and natural environments if they are to foster a healthier and happier future for all (Blackburn et al., 2025).

This Special Issue seeks to profile advancements in theoretical approaches underpinning nature-based practices, alongside case-studies and evaluations of nature-based interventions that seek to enhance human psychological health working in partnership with the natural world. Submissions are welcomed from a broad range of scholars and practitioners from diverse disciplinary and global perspectives and working with communities across the lifespan, from the psychological wellbeing of young children through to older adults.

References

Adisasmito, W. B., Almuhairi, S., Behravesh, C. B., Bilivogui, P., Bukachi, S. A., Casas, N., ... & Zhou, L. (2022). One Health: A new definition for a sustainable and healthy future. PLoS pathogens18(6), e1010537.

Blackburn, J., Pereira, A., Jefferies, L., Kemp, A. H., & Isham, A. (2025). Nature-based interventions for individual, collective and planetary wellbeing: A protocol for a scoping review. PLoS One20(4), e0314591.

Dudgeon, P., Gibson, C., Walker, R., Bray, A., Agung-Igusti, R., Derry, K., ... & Gee, G. (2025). Social and Emotional Wellbeing: A Review. Retrieved: SocialandEmotionalWellbeing_aReview.pdf

Isham, A., Morgan, G., & Kemp, A. H. (2023). Nurturing wellbeing amidst the climate crisis: on the need for a focus on wellbeing in the field of climate psychology. Frontiers in Psychology14, 1205991.

Kaleta, B., Campbell, S., O’Keeffe, J., & Burke, J. (2025). Nature-based interventions: a systematic review of reviews. Frontiers in Psychology16, 1625294.

Koder, J., Dunk, J., & Rhodes, P. (2023). Climate distress: a review of current psychological research and practice. Sustainability15(10), 8115.

Maller, C., Townsend, M., Pryor, A., Brown, P., & St Leger, L. (2006). Healthy nature healthy people: ‘contact with nature’as an upstream health promotion intervention for populations. Health Promotion International21(1), 45-54.

Martin, L., White, M. P., Hunt, A., Richardson, M., Pahl, S., & Burt, J. (2020). Nature contact, nature connectedness and associations with health, wellbeing and pro-environmental behaviours. Journal of Environmental Psychology68, 101389.

Rice, W. L., Lacey, G., Peel, V., Pan, B., Klemm, C., Miller, Z. D., ... & Taff, B. D. (2020). Examining health promotion in parks: A cross-national inquiry of Healthy Parks Healthy People programs. Recreation, Parks, and Tourism in Public Health4(1), 5-14.

Tretter, F., & Löffler-Stastka, H. (2019). The human ecological perspective and biopsychosocial medicine. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health16(21), 4230.

Dr. Elissa Pearson
Dr. Brianna Le Busque
Dr. Carla Anita Litchfield
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • nature contact
  • nature connection
  • psychological wellbeing
  • flourishing
  • nature-based therapy
  • animal-assisted therapy
  • adventure therapy
  • outdoor health
  • environmental psychology
  • conservation psychology
  • green social work

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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19 pages, 606 KB  
Article
Clinicians’ Perceptions of Nature-Based Interventions in Mental Health Care: A Qualitative Descriptive Study from Pakistan
by Yumna Ali, Akihiko Ozaki and Yasuhiro Kotera
Behav. Sci. 2026, 16(8), 1298; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16081298 - 30 Jul 2026
Viewed by 447
Abstract
Background: Mental health conditions remain a major yet underrepresented public health concern in Pakistan and globally, highlighting the need for innovative and complementary interventions. Nature-based interventions (NBIs), which involve structured engagement with natural environments to enhance health and wellbeing, offer a promising approach, [...] Read more.
Background: Mental health conditions remain a major yet underrepresented public health concern in Pakistan and globally, highlighting the need for innovative and complementary interventions. Nature-based interventions (NBIs), which involve structured engagement with natural environments to enhance health and wellbeing, offer a promising approach, particularly in the Hazara Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, a region renowned for its Himalayan forests, scenic valleys, and rich biodiversity. Methods: This study employed a qualitative descriptive design to explore mental health clinicians’ perceptions of NBIs in community mental health settings. Fourteen clinicians from the Hazara Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, were recruited using purposive and snowball sampling between February and March 2026. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and audio-recorded. Transcripts were analysed using inductive thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke’s framework, supported by HyperRESEARCH software. Results: Participants generally perceived engagement with nature as calming, restorative, and therapeutically beneficial, and many reported informally encouraging clients to participate in nature-related activities. Clinicians expressed willingness to integrate NBIs into routine practice and identified potential benefits including improved mood, relaxation, empowerment, and enhanced social connectedness. However, several barriers were also identified, including client-related factors such as anxiety, low motivation, and skepticism, as well as contextual and organisational constraints such as gender-based limitations in access to natural spaces and safety-related policies. Conclusions: Despite these challenges, clinicians demonstrated strong support for NBIs, suggesting their potential as a feasible adjunct to mental health care in Pakistan. Addressing identified barriers may facilitate integration into routine services and enhance access to holistic mental health support in community settings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nature-Based Interventions for Mental Health)
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28 pages, 862 KB  
Systematic Review
Nature-Based Interventions for Individuals with Psychiatric Disorders: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review with Random-Effects Meta-Analysis of Mental Health and Functional Outcomes
by Alessandra Giammanco, Erin Grace Lawrence, Ailbhe Madigan, Karol Basta, Giada Tripoli, Aisling O’Neill, Natasha Moses, Helena Farstad, Peter Coventry and Uzma Zahid
Behav. Sci. 2026, 16(6), 974; https://doi.org/10.3390/bs16060974 - 11 Jun 2026
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Abstract
Nature-based interventions (NBIs) are increasingly used in mental health services, but their effectiveness in people with psychiatric disorders, and how these individuals experience them, remains unclear. This review synthesised quantitative and qualitative evidence on NBIs in psychiatric populations. Eligible studies evaluated outdoor NBIs [...] Read more.
Nature-based interventions (NBIs) are increasingly used in mental health services, but their effectiveness in people with psychiatric disorders, and how these individuals experience them, remains unclear. This review synthesised quantitative and qualitative evidence on NBIs in psychiatric populations. Eligible studies evaluated outdoor NBIs against controlled comparators, excluding neurodevelopmental/degenerative conditions and indoor or virtual interventions. Quantitative outcomes were synthesised using random-effects meta-analysis; qualitative data were analysed using thematic synthesis. Twenty-eight studies were included, mostly involving people with diagnoses of schizophrenia or depression. NBIs were associated with greater improvements in clinical symptoms than controlled comparators (pooled effect size 0.71 [95% CI 0.29–1.12]; p = 0.0009), with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 48.6%). The qualitative synthesis identified five themes: Being in Nature, Personal Growth, Psychological Wellbeing, Social Relationships, and Physical Benefits. Participants reported reduced stress, improved mood and coping, strengthened identity, enhanced social connection, and increased energy. NBIs, particularly horticultural programmes and guided outdoor activities, may offer promising recovery-oriented adjuncts to psychiatric care. The next step is to build a translational evidence base by harmonising recovery-relevant outcomes and developing pragmatic, scalable models of delivery that can be embedded within routine mental health services, informed by mixed methods evaluation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nature-Based Interventions for Mental Health)
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