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Batteries
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Physical Properties of Sodium-Ion Battery Materials
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Physical Properties of Sodium-Ion Battery Materials

A special issue of Batteries (ISSN 2313-0105).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 March 2017) | Viewed by 35014

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Yutaka Moritomo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Graduate School of Pure and Applied Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
Interests: cathode material; annode material; crystal structure; local structure; phase transition; electronic state; in situ experiment; themal effect on voltage; pressure effect on voltage; calculation/simulation; phenomenological model; other topics on sodium-ion battery material
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The sodium-ion secondary battery is a promising, low-cost energy storage device. In order to create high-performance, safe devices, however, we should know much about the cathode and anode materials and clarify what happens in them during the charge and discharge processes. From a different perspective, the cathode and anode materials are a unique system in which we can electrochemically control the sodium concentration by an order of one. In such a system, the strong interaction between the host framework and the guest sodium ion causes a variety of phenomena, such as phase transition, phase separation, and so on. These phenomena are not only scientifically interesting, but also technologically significant to make a safe device. In this Special Issue, we focus on the physical properties of the cathode and anode materials.

Prof. Dr. Yutaka Moritomo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Batteries is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cathode material
  • annode material
  • structure
  • electronic state
  • in situ experiment
  • calculation/simulation
  • other topics on sodium-ion battery material

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

3286 KiB  
Article
Sol-Gel Synthesized Antimony Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Identifying Key Parameters for Optimization
by Nicholas E. Drewett, Juan Luis Gómez-Cámer, Begoña Acebedo, Montserrat Galceran and Teófilo Rojo
Batteries 2017, 3(3), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries3030020 - 30 Jun 2017
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 7767
Abstract
The potentially high gravimetric capacities of intermetallic anodes, coupled with the low cost and readily available materials used in sodium-ion batteries, has generated interest in antimony—an anode capable of alloying with sodium. However, presently there are few synthetic routes to antimony particles for [...] Read more.
The potentially high gravimetric capacities of intermetallic anodes, coupled with the low cost and readily available materials used in sodium-ion batteries, has generated interest in antimony—an anode capable of alloying with sodium. However, presently there are few synthetic routes to antimony particles for use in sodium-ion batteries. One pot, sol-gel synthetic routes from readily available, chloride-free precursors have been developed. The resulting products have been characterized and, from this data, several key parameters’ optimization have been identified and are presented here. Finally, using this information, some initial optimization has been carried out, which resulted in minor improvements to the physical and electrochemical properties of the resulting product. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Properties of Sodium-Ion Battery Materials)
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1671 KiB  
Article
Influence of Using Metallic Na on the Interfacial and Transport Properties of Na-Ion Batteries
by Maider Zarrabeitia, Miguel Ángel Muñoz-Márquez, Francesco Nobili, Teófilo Rojo and Montse Casas-Cabanas
Batteries 2017, 3(2), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries3020016 - 10 May 2017
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 9118
Abstract
Na2Ti3O7 is a promising negative electrode for rechargeable Na-ion batteries; however, its good properties in terms of insertion voltage and specific capacity are hampered by the poor capacity retention reported in the past. The interfacial and ionic/electronic properties [...] Read more.
Na2Ti3O7 is a promising negative electrode for rechargeable Na-ion batteries; however, its good properties in terms of insertion voltage and specific capacity are hampered by the poor capacity retention reported in the past. The interfacial and ionic/electronic properties are key factors to understanding the electrochemical performance of Na2Ti3O7. Therefore, its study is of utmost importance. In addition, although rather unexplored, the use of metallic Na in half-cell studies is another important issue due to the fact that side-reactions will be induced when metallic Na is in contact with the electrolyte. Hence, in this work the interfacial and transport properties of full Na-ion cells have been investigated and compared with half-cells upon electrochemical cycling by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (conventional XPS and Auger parameter analysis) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The half-cell has been assembled with C-coated Na2Ti3O7 against metallic Na whilst the full-cell uses C-coated Na2Ti3O7 as negative electrode and NaFePO4 as positive electrode, delivering 112 Wh/kganode+cathode in the 2nd cycle. When comparing both types of cells, it has been found that the interfacial properties, the OCV (open circuit voltage) and the electrode–-electrolyte interphase behavior are more stable in the full-cell than in the half-cell. The electronic transition from insulator to conductor previously observed in a half-cell for Na2Ti3O7 has also been detected in the full-cell impedance analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Properties of Sodium-Ion Battery Materials)
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662 KiB  
Article
Low Voltage Charge/Discharge Behavior of Manganese Hexacyanoferrate
by Takayuki Shibata, Masamitsu Takachi and Yutaka Moritomo
Batteries 2017, 3(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries3010007 - 10 Mar 2017
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 8394
Abstract
Recently, Prussian blue analogues (PBAs) have been reported to exhibit a low voltage charge/discharge behavior with high capacity (300–545 mAh/g) in lithium-ion secondary batteries (LIBs) [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Properties of Sodium-Ion Battery Materials)
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550 KiB  
Article
Domain Size of Phase-Separated NaxCoO2 as Investigated by X-Ray Microdiffraction
by Hideharu Niwa, Takayuki Shibata, Yasuhiko Imai, Shigeru Kimura and Yutaka Moritomo
Batteries 2017, 3(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/batteries3010005 - 2 Mar 2017
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 8365
Abstract
O3-NaCoO 2 is a promising cathode material for sodium ion secondary batteries (SIBs). Na x CoO 2 shows phase separation (PS) into the O3 and O ′ 3 phases in the Na concentration range of 0.89 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.99. In order to [...] Read more.
O3-NaCoO 2 is a promising cathode material for sodium ion secondary batteries (SIBs). Na x CoO 2 shows phase separation (PS) into the O3 and O ′ 3 phases in the Na concentration range of 0.89 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.99. In order to estimate the domain size (r) in the two-phase region, we performed X-ray microdiffraction (XRMD) of thin films of Na x CoO 2 at x = 0.97 and ∼1. We found that r (≈400 nm) of the O ′ 3 domain is comparable to the particle size d (=331 ± 87 nm) in the as-grown O3-NaCoO 2 film. This observation suggests that individual particles of Na x CoO 2 are single phase to minimize the strain at the O3–O ′ 3 phase boundary. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Physical Properties of Sodium-Ion Battery Materials)
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