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Recent Developments in Endodontics and Dental Materials

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A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 20 December 2026 | Viewed by 3563

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Dr. Amjad Abu Hasna

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Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (ICT-UNESP), São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil
Interests: phytotherapy; herbal medicine; intracanal medication; endodontic irrigant; microorganisms; dental materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Luciane Dias De Oliveira

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Guest Editor

Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (ICT-UNESP), São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil
Interests: phytotherapy; herbal medicine; antimicrobial agents; anti-inflammatory agents; multidrug resistance; cell cultures; genotoxicity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Endodontic materials and techniques are in constant development. This Special Issue, titled “Recent Developments in Endodontics and Dental Materials”, aims to provide a platform for the dissemination of cutting-edge research and innovations in the field of endodontics and dental materials. The focus is on exploring advancements that enhance clinical outcomes, improve treatment efficacy, and address challenges in root canal treatment.

This Special Issue invites authors to contribute original research articles, and reviews (systematic, or non-systematic) that explore advances in root canal instrumentation techniques and technologies, innovations in obturation materials and methods, the impact of foraminal shape and morphology on treatment success, the prevention and management of apical foramen transportation, novel biomaterials for endodontic and restorative applications, clinical outcomes of minimally invasive endodontics, the role of imaging and diagnostic technologies in modern endodontics, the biocompatibility and performance of dental materials, regenerative endodontics and pulp–dentin complex restoration, and long-term success factors in endodontic treatments.

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Amjad Abu Hasna
Dr. Luciane Dias De Oliveira
Guest Editors

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

root canal instrumentation
biocompatibility
clinical endodontics
endodontic irrigants
intracanal medication
bioceramics
foramen transportation
foraminal morphology
obturating materials
biomaterials in endodontics
minimally invasive endodontics
regenerative endodontics
dental imaging

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3244 KB

Open AccessArticle

Removal of a Calcium Silicate-Based Sealer from Oval Root Canals Using Different Irrigation Activation Techniques: A Stereomicroscopic and SEM–EDS Study

by Mihai Merfea, Sanda Ileana Cimpean, Ioana Sofia Pop-Ciutrila, Elie Assaf, Ada Gabriela Delean, Iulia Clara Badea, Stanca Cuc and Vasile-Adrian Surdu

Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(8), 3728; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16083728 - 10 Apr 2026

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Abstract

Calcium silicate-based sealers are widely used in contemporary endodontics, but their strong interaction with dentinal substrates may complicate their removal during nonsurgical retreatment and potentially hinder canal disinfection. This ex vivo study evaluated the effectiveness of different irrigation activation techniques in removing a calcium silicate-based sealer from oval-shaped root canals. Sixty extracted single-rooted teeth were instrumented and obturated using the single-cone technique with NeoSealer Flo, followed by retreatment using a reciprocating system. Specimens were randomly assigned to four final irrigation protocols: conventional needle irrigation (CNI) with NaOCl/EDTA, ultrasonic activation (US), diode laser activation (LI), and Er:YAG laser activation using the SWEEPS mode (SW) (n = 15). Residual filling material was quantified before and after final irrigation using stereomicroscopic imaging and ImageJ (version 1.54) analysis. Dentinal surface morphology and residual sealer were further evaluated using SEM–EDS. Statistical analysis included one-way ANOVA and chi-square tests (p < 0.05). All protocols significantly reduced residual filling material compared with mechanical retreatment alone (US 15.08%, CNI 7.89%, LI 8.01%, SW 7.20%) (p < 0.01). US resulted in significantly greater sealer removal compared with CNI, LI, and SW, with mean differences ranging from 7.08% to 7.88% (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that irrigation activation enhances the removal of NeoSealer Flo calcium silicate-based sealer, with ultrasonic activation demonstrating greater effectiveness among the evaluated techniques, under the conditions of this experimental setup. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in Endodontics and Dental Materials)

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11 pages, 1374 KB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Different Downward Loads and Rotational Speeds on the Removal of Gutta-Percha and Root Canal Sealer Using a Nickel-Titanium Rotary Gutta-Percha Removal System: An Ex Vivo Study

by Koki Toyoda, Shunsuke Kimura, Keiichiro Maki, Satoshi Omori, Keiko Hirano, Arata Ebihara and Takashi Okiji

Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(1), 446; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16010446 - 31 Dec 2025

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Abstract

Effective gutta-percha/sealer removal is essential for predictable nonsurgical endodontic retreatment, but the effects of key operational parameters on nickel–titanium rotary removal instruments remain insufficiently understood. This study aimed to examine how varying downward loads and rotational speeds affect the removal efficiency and torque/force generation of the HyFlex Remover. Sixty transparent straight resin canals filled with gutta-percha and AH Plus sealer were prepared using the HyFlex Remover at two rotational speeds (400 and 800 rpm) and three downward loads (2, 3, and 4 N; n = 10/group). The removal rate, calculated using micro-computed tomography, as well as removal time, maximum force, maximum torque, and cumulative torque were recorded and evaluated using two-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05). The removal rate was consistently higher at 400 rpm than at 800 rpm (p < 0.001), while removal time and cumulative torque were greater at 400 rpm (p < 0.001). Maximum torque differed only between the 800-2 N and 800-4 N groups (p = 0.006). Maximum force increased with higher loads (p < 0.001), and at 3 N and 4 N, it was lower at 400 rpm than at 800 rpm (3 N: p = 0.039, 4 N: p < 0.001). Overall, lower downward loads reduced torque but prolonged working time, whereas higher rotational speeds shortened both working time and torque but decreased the removal rate. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in Endodontics and Dental Materials)

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12 pages, 1306 KB

Open AccessArticle

Anti-Planktonic, Antibiofilm, and Synergistic Effects of Nasturtium officinale and Psidium guajava Hydroethanolic Extracts Against Standard and Clinical Strains of Enterococcus faecalis

by Lara Steffany de Carvalho, Livia Ramos Dorta da Silva, Cláudio Antonio Talge Carvalho, Maria Cristina Marcucci, Luciane Dias de Oliveira and Amjad Abu Hasna

Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(6), 3178; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15063178 - 14 Mar 2025

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1427

Abstract

Enterococcus faecalis is strongly associated with secondary/persistent root canal infections, being the most prevalent bacterium in cases of apical periodontitis in previously treated teeth. This study was elaborated to evaluate the anti-planktonic, antibiofilm, and synergistic effects of Nasturtium officinale and Psidium guajava hydroethanolic extracts against standard and clinical strains of E. faecalis. Firstly, the N. officinale extract was prepared from watercress leaves, and P. guajava extract was prepared from guava tree leaf shoots. Then, the content of soluble solids was quantified in both. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of the isolated N. officinale and P. guajava extracts for each bacterial strain were determined using the broth microdilution method, following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline M7-A9. The MTT assay was used to evaluate the antibiofilm activity, and the fractional bactericidal concentration index (FBCI) was utilized to evaluate the synergistic effect of the N. officinale and P. guajava extracts using the checkerboard technique. Again, the MTT assay was used to evaluate the antibiofilm activity of the combined extracts this time. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tukey’s test, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. It was found that the soluble solid content of N. officinale was 50 mg/mL, and of P. guajava was 33.5 mg/mL. The MBC value of N. officinale was 12.5 mg/mL, and of P. guajava was 0.52 mg/mL against all the tested strains of E. faecalis. The combined 0.1 mg/mL N. officinale + 0.1 mg/mL P. guajava, and 0.1 mg/mL N. officinale + 0.5 mg/mL P. guajava hydroethanolic extracts effectively reduced the biofilm formation of the standard and clinical strain 4 of E. faecalis. Therefore, these combined extracts may be considered as endodontic irrigants in future studies. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Developments in Endodontics and Dental Materials)

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