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Recent Applications of Smartphone and Smart Glasses in Applied Science and Engineering

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Industrial Technologies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2021) | Viewed by 62034

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
Interests: smart mining; renewables in mining; space mining; AICBM (AI, IoT, cloud, big data, mobile) convergence; unmanned aerial vehicle; mine planning and design; open-pit mining operation; mine safety; geographic information systems; 3D geo-modeling; geostatistics; hydrological analysis; energy analysis and simulation; design of solar energy conversion systems; renewable energy systems
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nowadays, more than 3.5 billion people use smartphones in the world, and the number is anticipated to continue to grow in the future. Smartphones can be used for various purposes; their versatility ranges from fast processing and portability to connectivity with a number of networks to sensors allowing the measurement of properties of the device itself and the external environment. Furthermore, smartphones are equipped with intuitive software (S/W) distribution systems and thus have significant benefits associated with small costs when applications are developed to replace existing methods or tools.

Smart glasses or smart goggles are optical head-mounted displays that project a virtual image that is visible to the wearer on top of the real-world view. Smart glasses provide both the intrinsic function of glasses for viewing objects in front and the functions of a smartphone. Unlike smartphones, smart glasses have a great advantage of freeing both hands of the worker so that they can focus on the work. Therefore, smart glasses can also be used in various fields, including healthcare, training, logistics, and tourism.

Many applications of smartphone and smart glasses have been developed in the realm of applied science and engineering for purposes of collecting, storing, analyzing, and visualizing various sets of information and data. This Special Issue (SI) aims to encourage scientists, engineers, educators, students, and researchers to address the current state-of-the-art applications of smartphone and smart glasses in applied science and engineering. Original research contributions and reviews showing the improvements brought by smartphone and smart glasses applications in all areas of applied science and engineering can be included in this SI.

Prof. Dr. Yosoon Choi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Smartphone
  • Tablet
  • Mobile device
  • Smart glasses
  • Wearable device
  • Augmented reality
  • Mixed reality
  • Artificial intelligence
  • Internet of Things
  • Human–computer interactions

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Published Papers (8 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

3 pages, 161 KiB  
Editorial
Recent Applications of Smartphone and Smart Glasses in Applied Science and Engineering
by Yosoon Choi
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(6), 3376; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13063376 - 7 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1554
Abstract
Today, more than 3 [...] Full article

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review

21 pages, 8663 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Skim Reading on Desktop versus Mobile Screen
by Mesfer Alrizq, Sara Mehmood, Naeem Ahmed Mahoto, Ali Alqahtani, Mohammed Hamdi, Abdullah Alghamdi and Asadullah Shaikh
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(16), 7398; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11167398 - 11 Aug 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3389
Abstract
Web readers usually skim through the text to keep up with the amount of available content. The effectiveness of skim reading is ensured by keeping the focus on the meaningful part of the text rather than the less meaningful part. To assure if [...] Read more.
Web readers usually skim through the text to keep up with the amount of available content. The effectiveness of skim reading is ensured by keeping the focus on the meaningful part of the text rather than the less meaningful part. To assure if the skim reading shows efficient results for a particular screen resolution, this research presents variations in the memory of significant data when a text is read on a mobile screen or a desktop screen. Moreover, the study aims to understand the knowledge gained from the text at a given time. In total, sixty participants contributed to the study and it is found that, relative to reading the text on a mobile screen, skimming showed improved memory for the ideas defined in the text on a computer screen. A software prototype is developed in this research study to analyze the impact of skim reading on a desktop computer screen versus a mobile device screen. The findings of the study have been interpreted as evidence in support of a skimming process called satisficing. Full article
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15 pages, 6876 KiB  
Article
Using Mixed Reality (MR) to Improve On-Site Design Experience in Community Planning
by Yuze Dan, Zhenjiang Shen, Yiyun Zhu and Ling Huang
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(7), 3071; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11073071 - 30 Mar 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2802
Abstract
In recent years, designing in existing environments has been consistently emphasized in community planning. However, practicing such on-site design is not easy for designers, because the current technical conditions do not allow virtual design objects into real environments for 3D visualization and interaction. [...] Read more.
In recent years, designing in existing environments has been consistently emphasized in community planning. However, practicing such on-site design is not easy for designers, because the current technical conditions do not allow virtual design objects into real environments for 3D visualization and interaction. Thus, designers’ intuitive design perceptions, accurate design judgments, and convenient design decisions are hardly supported. This paper explores the possibilities of using mixed reality (MR) technology to improve designers’ on-site design experiences in community planning. For this, we introduced an MR design support system (MR-DSS) for the interactive on-site 3D visualization of virtual design objects. With the MR-DSS, we performed a design experiment with sixteen participants in a typical on-site design scene of community planning. The results showed that the MR technology could provide designers with intuitive design perceptions, accurate design judgments, and convenient design decisions, thus effectively improving their on-site design experiences. Full article
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18 pages, 8904 KiB  
Article
High-Speed Time-Resolved Tomographic Particle Shadow Velocimetry Using Smartphones
by Andres A. Aguirre-Pablo, Kenneth R. Langley and Sigurdur T. Thoroddsen
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(20), 7094; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10207094 - 13 Oct 2020
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2927
Abstract
The video-capabilities of smartphones are rapidly improving both in pixel resolution and frame-rates. Herein we use four smartphones in the “slow-mo” option to perform time-resolved Tomographic Particle Shadow Velocimetry of a vortex ring, using 960 fps. We use background LED-illuminated diffusers, [...] Read more.
The video-capabilities of smartphones are rapidly improving both in pixel resolution and frame-rates. Herein we use four smartphones in the “slow-mo” option to perform time-resolved Tomographic Particle Shadow Velocimetry of a vortex ring, using 960 fps. We use background LED-illuminated diffusers, facing each camera, for shadow particle imaging. We discuss in-depth the challenges present in synchronizing the high-speed video capture on the smartphones and steps to overcome these challenges. The resulting 3-D velocity field is compared to an instantaneous, concurrent, high-resolution snapshot with four 4k-video cameras using dual-color to encode two time-steps on a single frame. This proof-of-concept demonstration, supports realistic low-cost alternatives to conventional 3-D experimental systems. Full article
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11 pages, 3454 KiB  
Article
A Unified Framework for Automatic Detection of Wound Infection with Artificial Intelligence
by Jin-Ming Wu, Chia-Jui Tsai, Te-Wei Ho, Feipei Lai, Hao-Chih Tai and Ming-Tsan Lin
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(15), 5353; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10155353 - 3 Aug 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4392
Abstract
Background: The surgical wound is a unique problem requiring continuous postoperative care, and mobile health technology is implemented to bridge the care gap. Our study aim was to design an integrated framework to support the diagnosis of wound infection. Methods: We used a [...] Read more.
Background: The surgical wound is a unique problem requiring continuous postoperative care, and mobile health technology is implemented to bridge the care gap. Our study aim was to design an integrated framework to support the diagnosis of wound infection. Methods: We used a computer-vision approach based on supervised learning techniques and machine learning algorithms, to help detect the wound region of interest (ROI) and classify wound infection features. The intersection-union test (IUT) was used to evaluate the accuracy of the detection of color card and wound ROI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of our model was adopted in comparison with different machine learning approaches. Results: 480 wound photographs were taken from 100 patients for analysis. The average value of IUT on the validation set with fivefold stratification to detect wound ROI was 0.775. For prediction of wound infection, our model achieved a significantly higher AUC score (83.3%) than the other three methods (kernel support vector machines, 44.4%; random forest, 67.1%; gradient boosting classifier, 66.9%). Conclusions: Our evaluation of a prospectively collected wound database demonstrates the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed system, which has been developed for automatic detection of wound infections in patients undergoing surgical procedures. Full article
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15 pages, 978 KiB  
Article
Analysis of a Wake-Up Task-Based Mobile Alarm App
by Kyue Taek Oh, Jaemyung Shin, Jaejeung Kim and Minsam Ko
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(11), 3993; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10113993 - 9 Jun 2020
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 6685
Abstract
The latest mobile alarm apps provide wake-up tasks (e.g., solving math problems) to dismiss the alarm, and many users willingly accept such an inconvenience in return for successfully waking up on time. However, there have been no studies that investigate how the wake-up [...] Read more.
The latest mobile alarm apps provide wake-up tasks (e.g., solving math problems) to dismiss the alarm, and many users willingly accept such an inconvenience in return for successfully waking up on time. However, there have been no studies that investigate how the wake-up tasks are used and their effects from a human–computer interaction perspective. This study aims to deepen our understanding of how users engage and utilize the task-based alarm app by (1) examining the characteristics of different wake-up tasks and (2) extracting usage factors of hard tasks which involve physical or cognitive task loads over a certain level. We developed and deployed Alarmy, which is a task-based mobile alarm app with four wake-up task features: touching a button, taking a picture, shaking the device, and solving math problems. We collected 42.9 million in situ usage data from 211,273 US users for five months. Their alarm app usage behaviors were measured in two folds: eight alarm-set variables and five alarm-dismiss variables. Our statistical test results reveal the significant differences in alarm usage behaviors depending on the wake-up task, and the multiple regression analysis results show key usage patterns that affect the frequent uses of hard tasks, which are late alarm hours, many snoozes, and relatively more use on weekends. Our study results provide theoretical implications on behavior change as well as practical implications for designing task-based mobile alarm. Full article
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Review

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24 pages, 3656 KiB  
Review
Applications of Smart Helmet in Applied Sciences: A Systematic Review
by Yosoon Choi and Yeanjae Kim
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 5039; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11115039 - 29 May 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 17600
Abstract
A smart helmet is a wearable device that has attracted attention in various fields, especially in applied sciences, where extensive studies have been conducted in the past decade. In this study, the current status and trends of smart helmet research were systematically reviewed. [...] Read more.
A smart helmet is a wearable device that has attracted attention in various fields, especially in applied sciences, where extensive studies have been conducted in the past decade. In this study, the current status and trends of smart helmet research were systematically reviewed. Five research questions were set to investigate the research status of smart helmets according to the year and application field, as well as the trend of smart helmet development in terms of types of sensors, microcontrollers, and wireless communication technology. A total of 103 academic research articles published in the past 11 years (2009–2020) were analyzed to address the research questions. The results showed that the number of smart helmet applications reported in literature has been increasing rapidly since 2018. The applications have focused mostly on ensuring the safety of motorcyclists. A single-board-based modular concept unit, such as the Arduino board, and sensor for monitoring human health have been used the most for developing smart helmets. Approximately 85% of smart helmets have been developed to date using wireless communication technology to transmit data obtained from smart helmets to other smart devices or cloud servers. Full article
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21 pages, 29967 KiB  
Review
Applications of Smart Glasses in Applied Sciences: A Systematic Review
by Dawon Kim and Yosoon Choi
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(11), 4956; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11114956 - 27 May 2021
Cited by 43 | Viewed by 21388
Abstract
The aim of this study is to review academic papers on the applications of smart glasses. Among 82 surveyed papers, 57 were selected through filtering. The papers were published from January 2014 to October 2020. Four research questions were set up using the [...] Read more.
The aim of this study is to review academic papers on the applications of smart glasses. Among 82 surveyed papers, 57 were selected through filtering. The papers were published from January 2014 to October 2020. Four research questions were set up using the systematic review method, and conclusions were drawn focusing on the research trends by year and application fields; product and operating system; sensors depending on the application purpose; and data visualization, processing, and transfer methods. It was found that the most popular commercial smart glass products are Android-based Google products. In addition, smart glasses are most often used in the healthcare field, particularly for clinical and surgical assistance or for assisting mentally or physically disabled persons. For visual data transfer, 90% of the studies conducted used a camera sensor. Smart glasses have mainly been used to visualize data based on augmented reality, in contrast with the use of mixed reality. The results of this review indicate that research related to smart glasses is steadily increasing, and technological research into the development of smart glasses is being actively conducted. Full article
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