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Advanced Research on Electron Emission and Its Application to Surface Chemical Technology

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2026) | Viewed by 623

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Guest Editor
Department of Materials Science, Ibaraki University, Hitachi 316-8511, Japan
Interests: nanotechnology; materials; thin-film surfaces and interfaces
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The surface and interface properties of products play a crucial role in many surface phenomena, such as coatings, corrosion, photocatalysis, tribology, the inactivation of viruses and bacteria, sensors, triboelectrification, and further health effects called earthing. Therefore, extensive attention has been paid to the behavior of electrons on processed solid surfaces. This Special Issue highlights the important impact of electrons on the surfaces and interfaces of materials, and focuses on the relationship between electron emissions and the chemical properties of surface and environmental materials, the methods used to measure and analyze electron emissions, and surface treatment methods. For example, (a) the ability of surfaces to emit electrons is strongly influenced by the chemical properties of the materials, such as acid–base interactions and oxidation–reduction; (b) thermal and optical methods have been established to measure and analyze the process of electron emission from surfaces and to obtain characteristics such as the activation energy of the electron emission process; and (c) solid surfaces are processed by various types of treatments such as mechanical treatment and plasma treatment. The method of electron emission can be used to estimate whether the surfaces have been reproducibly processed.

Prof. Dr. Momose Yoshihiro
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • electrons
  • metals
  • metal oxides
  • polymers
  • oxygen
  • water
  • adsorption
  • tribology
  • friction
  • activation energy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

30 pages, 5081 KB  
Article
Mechanism of Temperature-Programmed Photoelectron Emission (TPPE) from Cu2O/Cu Surfaces: The Role of Oxygen Vacancies in Photoredox Activation
by Yoshihiro Momose
Appl. Sci. 2026, 16(17), 8492; https://doi.org/10.3390/app16178492 - 26 Aug 2026
Abstract
The performance of coatings, corrosion barriers, photocatalysts, and tribological materials is greatly influenced by in situ surface properties, requiring highly sensitive and reproducible operando surface characterization methods. We previously developed a temperature-programmed photoelectron emission (TPPE) method to clarify electron transfer behavior on light-irradiated [...] Read more.
The performance of coatings, corrosion barriers, photocatalysts, and tribological materials is greatly influenced by in situ surface properties, requiring highly sensitive and reproducible operando surface characterization methods. We previously developed a temperature-programmed photoelectron emission (TPPE) method to clarify electron transfer behavior on light-irradiated metal surfaces. TPPE is sensitive to surface temperature and prior chemical exposure, which affect the total photoemitted electron count (NT), the photothreshold, and the activation energy derived from Arrhenius plots of NT obtained during heating–cooling cycles. This study examines the reproducibility of TPPE data and the TPPE mechanisms for Cu2O/Cu surfaces subjected to mechanical abrasion, cleaning, plasma treatment, and subsequent immersion in organic liquids. The resulting Arrhenius plots reveal both positive and negative activation energies, depending on the treatment conditions. Negative activation energies during cooling are associated with photoredox-mediated emission. TPPE is attributed to oxygen vacancies within the Cu2O surface layer, which is interfaced with metallic Cu, serving as a direct probe of these vacancy-related states. The TPPE characteristics (NT intensity and activation energy) following exposure to various polar and nonpolar organic molecules (e.g., acetone, toluene, hexane, and ethanol) correlate with the electronic properties of these vacancies, consistent with previous observations for ambient air, alcohol, and water vapor exposure. Under illumination, Cu2O vacancy states enhance photocarrier extraction (electrons and holes) and accelerate surface redox reactions within adsorbed thin films, thereby improving photocatalytic performance. Notably, the solvent’s reciprocal dielectric constant significantly influences TPPE, indicative of electrostatic surface–solvent interactions. Finally, the TPPE mechanism is discussed in the context of antiviral inactivation at the metallic copper–environment interface. Full article
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