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Bridge Dynamics: Volume III
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Bridge Dynamics: Volume III

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Civil Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 12776

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Maria Anna Polak

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Guest Editor
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
Interests: structures; mechanics and construction; nonlinear finite element analysis; shear in slabs; strengthening and rehabilitation; nondestructive testing techniques for structural evaluations; Steel and concrete structures; mechanics of reinforced concrete structure
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Joanna Maria Dulińska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Structural Mechanics, Civil Engineering Faculty, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
Interests: structures; mechanics and construction; dynamic of structures; bridge dynamics; nonlinear finite element analysis; seismic assessment; spatial variability of earthquake ground motions
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Izabela Joanna Drygała

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Structural Mechanics, Civil Engineering Faculty, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
Interests: structural dynamics; bridge engineering; seismic engineering; finite element analysis (FEA); structural health monitoring (SHM); vibration analysis; signal processing; bridge design optimization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is a continuation of the previous Special Issues titled Bridge Dynamics (vols. I and II), and is dedicated to academic researchers and civil engineering specialists who want to present their work on theoretical and experimental methods of analysis for dynamic aspects of bridge structures. In view of the significance of dynamic issues for the protection, operation, and feasibility of bridge structures, this Special Issue on Bridge Dynamics aims to bring together authors who want to present their experiences in the research, design, construction, and utilization of bridges, with a focus on dynamics.

Some, though not all, of the problems considered for this Special Issue are as follows: experimental and theoretical investigations of the dynamic characteristics of bridges and footbridges; the seismic performance of bridges and footbridges; the dynamic analysis of railway bridges subjected to high-speed trains; human-induced vibrations of footbridges; the aerodynamic stability of bridge structures; structural health monitoring (SHM) systems; and the integration and management of SHM data for bridges and footbridges.

Prof. Dr. Maria Anna Polak
Prof. Dr. Joanna Maria Dulińska
Dr. Izabela Joanna Drygała
Guest Editors

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Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • structural health monitoring (SHM)
  • seismic assessment of bridges
  • aerodynamic assessment of bridges
  • dynamic characteristics of bridges and footbridges
  • human-induced vibrations of footbridges
  • bridge dynamics

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 5300 KiB  
Article
Influence of the Duration Compression Ratio of the Input Motion on the Seismic Response of a Soil–Pile–Bridge Structure System in Shaking Table Tests
by Zhi Zhang, Chenning Song, Xiaojun Li and Xingjun Qi
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(23), 12109; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122312109 - 26 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1325
Abstract
In the shaking table test of a soil–pile–bridge structure system, it is difficult to keep the similarity relations of the model structure and that of the model soil consistent. Due to the difference of geometry and material similarity ratios for the model structure [...] Read more.
In the shaking table test of a soil–pile–bridge structure system, it is difficult to keep the similarity relations of the model structure and that of the model soil consistent. Due to the difference of geometry and material similarity ratios for the model structure and model soil, the determination of the duration compression ratio of input motions is a key problem. The spectrum characteristics of input motions will be varied by the duration compression ratio so that the seismic responses of structure and soil system will be affected. There are three commonly used approaches to determine the duration compression ratio of input motions in shaking table tests: the time similarity ratio of model structure; the time similarity ratio of model soil; and uncompressed. To study the influence of the duration compression ratio on the seismic response of a soil–structure system in shaking table tests, the El Centro record and the Wolong record were chosen as the input motions, and the durations were compressed by the three commonly used approaches in this paper. The influence of the duration compression ratios of the input motions on the acceleration response of a soil–pile–bridge structure system was compared and analyzed through a series of shaking table tests. The results showed that the duration compression ratio affected the acceleration response of the model soil and the model structure, and the effect was more obvious when the peak ground acceleration (PGA) was small. If the research is focused on the seismic response of the soil, it is recommended to use the time similarity ratio of the model soil to compress the input motions. If the research is focused on the seismic response of the structure, it is recommended to use the time similarity ratio of the model structure to compress the input motions. This study could provide a reference for the design of the shaking table test of a soil–pile–bridge structure system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bridge Dynamics: Volume III)
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19 pages, 9119 KiB  
Article
Effect of Elastomeric Bearing Stiffness on the Dynamic Response of Railway Bridges Considering Vehicle–Bridge Interaction
by Emrah Erduran, Christian Nordli and Semih Gonen
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(23), 11952; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122311952 - 23 Nov 2022
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2605
Abstract
This article presents a numerical study that aims to explore the impacts of the stiffness of elastomeric bearings on the dynamic behavior of railway bridges under train-induced vibrations. For this purpose, a finite element code that considers vehicle–bridge interaction using a coupled approach [...] Read more.
This article presents a numerical study that aims to explore the impacts of the stiffness of elastomeric bearings on the dynamic behavior of railway bridges under train-induced vibrations. For this purpose, a finite element code that considers vehicle–bridge interaction using a coupled approach was developed. The software was validated by comparing the numerical response to the analytical solution. The numerical analysis of single- and multi-span bridges with varying bearing stiffness values under passenger trains showed the interplay between bearing stiffness, its impact on the natural frequency of the bridge and the loading frequency. It is demonstrated that the amplitude of the maximum acceleration on the bridge depends heavily on the stiffness of the bearings. Furthermore, the bearing stiffness significantly impacts the location of the maximum acceleration on the bridge. The results of the extensive numerical analyses improve the understanding of the impact of the bearing stiffness on the dynamic behavior of bridges and highlight the importance of quantifying the boundary conditions correctly for reliable estimation of dynamic response of railway bridges under train-induced vibrations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bridge Dynamics: Volume III)
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23 pages, 6021 KiB  
Article
Effectiveness of LRB in Curved Bridge Isolation: A Numerical Study
by Praveen Kumar Gupta, Goutam Ghosh, Virendra Kumar, Prabhu Paramasivam and Seshathiri Dhanasekaran
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(21), 11289; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122111289 - 7 Nov 2022
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3072
Abstract
Lead Rubber Bearings (LRBs) represent one of the most widely employed devices for the seismic protection of structures. However, the effectiveness of the same in the case of curved bridges has not been judged well because of the complexity involved in curved bridges, [...] Read more.
Lead Rubber Bearings (LRBs) represent one of the most widely employed devices for the seismic protection of structures. However, the effectiveness of the same in the case of curved bridges has not been judged well because of the complexity involved in curved bridges, especially in controlling torsional moments. This study investigates the performance of an LRB-isolated horizontally curved continuous bridge under various seismic loadings. The effectiveness of LRBs on the bridge response control was determined by considering various aspects, such as the changes in ground motion characteristics, multidirectional effects, the degree of seismic motion, and the variation of incident angles. Three recorded ground motions were considered in this study, representing historical earthquakes with near-field, far-field, and forward directivity effects. The effectiveness of the bi-directional behavior considering the interaction effect of the bearing and pier was also studied. The finite element method was adopted. A sensitivity study of the bridge response related to the bearing design parameters was carried out for the considered ground motions. The importance of non-linearity and critical design parameters of LRBs were assessed. It was found that LRBs resulted in a significant increase in deck displacement for Turkey ground motion, which might be due to the forward directivity effect. The bi-directional effect is crucial for the curved bridge as it enhances the displacement significantly compared to uni-directional motion. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bridge Dynamics: Volume III)
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12 pages, 2674 KiB  
Article
Modal Analysis of a Steel Truss Girder Cable-Stayed Bridge with Single Tower and Single Cable Plane
by Yong Zeng, Huijun Zheng, Yuhang Jiang, Jiuhong Ran and Xuan He
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(15), 7627; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12157627 - 28 Jul 2022
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3427
Abstract
The dynamic characteristics of bridge structures are important in wind stability analysis, seismic design, fatigue assessment, health inspection, and maintenance of bridge structures; however, the mechanical and dynamic properties of different bridge types are different. A long-span cable-stayed bridge has the advantages of [...] Read more.
The dynamic characteristics of bridge structures are important in wind stability analysis, seismic design, fatigue assessment, health inspection, and maintenance of bridge structures; however, the mechanical and dynamic properties of different bridge types are different. A long-span cable-stayed bridge has the advantages of large flexibility, long natural vibration period, low natural frequency, dense spectrum, and denser modal than those of general structures. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics of a cable-stayed bridge with single pylon and single cable plane in the maximum cantilever stage and the complete bridge are analyzed. The single-tower cable-stayed bridge has some unique characteristics, such as lower cost, and a more beautiful appearance, but its torsional rigidity is lower, which increases the risk of wind damage and earthquake damage. Therefore, a finite element analysis of this bridge in the maximum cantilever state is carried out, and the influences of the main components’ rigidity, the inclination angles of the stayed cables, the supporting conditions, and the locations of the auxiliary piers are analyzed for the sustainability of this type of cable-stayed bridge. The analysis results show that a cable-stayed bridge with single pylon and single cable plane has more flexibility, and that the lateral rigidity and torsional rigidity are smaller. Structure rigidity, dip angles of the stayed cables, and positions of the auxiliary piers all have significant influences on the dynamic characteristics of cable-stayed bridges. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bridge Dynamics: Volume III)
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26 pages, 8784 KiB  
Article
Advanced Model of Spatiotemporal Mining-Induced Kinematic Excitation for Multiple-Support Bridges Based on the Regional Seismicity Characteristics
by Paweł Boroń, Joanna Maria Dulińska and Dorota Jasińska
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(14), 7036; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12147036 - 12 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1479
Abstract
In the paper, an advanced model of spatiotemporal mining-induced kinematic excitation (SMIKE) for multiple-support bridges exposed to mining-induced seismicity is proposed. The uniqueness of this model results from the possibility of its application in any region of mining activity, as it is based [...] Read more.
In the paper, an advanced model of spatiotemporal mining-induced kinematic excitation (SMIKE) for multiple-support bridges exposed to mining-induced seismicity is proposed. The uniqueness of this model results from the possibility of its application in any region of mining activity, as it is based on empirical regression functions characterizing such regions. In the model, the loss of coherency resulting from the scattering of waves in the heterogeneous ground, the wave-passage effect originating in different arrival times of waves to consecutive supports, and the site-response effect depending on the local soil conditions are taken into account. The loss of coherency of mining-induced seismic waves is obtained by applying a random field generator based on a spatial correlation function to produce time histories of accelerations on consecutive structure supports based on an originally recorded shock. The deterministic approach is used to account for temporal wave variability. The proposed SMIKE model is applied to assess the dynamic performance of a five-span bridge under a mining-induced shock recorded in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB), Poland. The first model’s parameter (space scale parameter) is identified on the basis of regression curves defined for the USCB region. The estimation of the second parameter (the mean apparent wave passage velocity) is based on discrete experimental data acquired via the vibroseis excitation registered in the in situ experiment. The impact of the model application on the dynamic performance of the bridge is assessed by comparing the dynamic response levels under SMIKE excitations, classic uniform excitations, and the “traveling wave” model—accounting only for the wave passage effect. The influence of wave velocity occurs to be crucial, modifying (either amplifying or reducing, depending on the location of the analyzed point) the dynamic response level up to a factor of two. The introduction of the space scale parameter changes the results by 20% in relation to the outcomes obtained for the “traveling” wave only. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bridge Dynamics: Volume III)
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