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Bioactive Dental Materials: A Paradigm Shift in Dentistry?
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Bioactive Dental Materials: A Paradigm Shift in Dentistry?

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Dentistry and Oral Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2025) | Viewed by 4717

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Cornelis Hans Pameijer

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Reconstructive Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
Interests: biomaterials; endodontics; bioactivity; vital pulp capping; histology; prosthodontics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Until recently, people believed that dental materials must be inert in order to be successful. Bioactive materials stimulate cells to produce bone tissues, secondary dentin or are active in the surface precipitation of calcium phosphates or hydroxyapatite. They can stimulate healing and cause the remineralization of hard tissues. Examples of bone regeneration can be found in orthopedics, implant dentistry and periodontics, such as ridge augmentation. Pulp capping materials with bioactivity have demonstrated that they promote bridge formation after vital pulp exposure, and in endodontics, applications have been reported in root resorption cases, the obturation of the root canal space and periapical healing. In restorative dentistry, a favorable soft tissue response, the remineralization of hard tissues and the occlusion of the marginal gap are some of the advantages that have been reported. Furthermore, a favorable postoperative reaction after the cementation of fixed prosthesis has been reported. This issue invites manuscripts that cover, but are not limited, to the above presented applications.

Prof. Dr. Cornelis Hans Pameijer
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • bioactivity
  • restorative dentistry
  • remineralization
  • periodontics
  • endodontics
  • bone formation

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2845 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Fluoride-Releasing Materials in Remineralization of Adjacent Demineralized Enamel
by Onsinee Puttipanampai, Piyaphong Panpisut and Thanya Sitthisettapong
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(4), 2077; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15042077 - 16 Feb 2025
Viewed by 823
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the ability of fluoride-releasing restorative materials to remineralize artificially demineralized proximal enamel adjacent to class II restorations. Fifty-four demineralized enamel lesions were created on extracted premolar teeth, and the baseline lesion depth (LD) and mineral density (MD) were [...] Read more.
This study aimed to evaluate the ability of fluoride-releasing restorative materials to remineralize artificially demineralized proximal enamel adjacent to class II restorations. Fifty-four demineralized enamel lesions were created on extracted premolar teeth, and the baseline lesion depth (LD) and mineral density (MD) were measured using micro-CT. The samples were randomly assigned to one of four groups, each in contact with a class II restorative material: Filtek Z350 XT™ (FZ), Cention N® (CN), Fuji II LC® (FJ), or Equia Forte® (EQ). Finally, post 14 days of pH cycling, measurements were taken. SEM, EDX, and Raman Imaging Microscopy were additionally performed. The results showed significant reductions in LD for all fluoride-releasing materials (CN, FJ, EQ). EQ and CN showed a significantly higher percentage change in LD than FZ. The MD of adjacent demineralized enamel increased significantly in all groups. There was no significant difference in the percentage change in MD between groups. SEM-EDX images revealed greater mineral deposition in fluoride-releasing materials than FZ. The Ca/P ratio of demineralized enamel adjacent to CN was equal to that of EQ, while FJ demonstrated the highest ratio. In conclusion, fluoride-releasing materials exhibited a reduction in the LD of adjacent demineralized enamel and demonstrated Ca/P ratios higher than FZ. CN may be an alternative restorative material to remineralize adjacent demineralized enamel. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Dental Materials: A Paradigm Shift in Dentistry?)
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14 pages, 1376 KiB  
Article
Operational Protocol for Prosthetically Guided Reconstruction of Edentulous Sites Using a Custom-Made Technique
by Edoardo Brauner, Federico Laudoni, Lucia Terribile, Andrea Bellizzi, Giulia Amelina, Francesca De Angelis, Nicola Pranno and Stefano Di Carlo
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(1), 203; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15010203 - 29 Dec 2024
Viewed by 817
Abstract
The success of dental implant placement and prosthetic reconstruction relies on sufficient bone volume at the implant site. Contemporary implantology integrates prosthetic planning with implant placement, emphasizing the importance of pre-established prosthetic goals. Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) techniques have become crucial for bone [...] Read more.
The success of dental implant placement and prosthetic reconstruction relies on sufficient bone volume at the implant site. Contemporary implantology integrates prosthetic planning with implant placement, emphasizing the importance of pre-established prosthetic goals. Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) techniques have become crucial for bone reconstruction. This study explores the use of custom-made GBR membranes, designed through CAD-CAM technology, in 10 patients with severe bone defects. Patients underwent meticulous preoperative planning, in which digital diagnostic wax-ups and RealGUIDE™ software for implant positioning were used. The custom-made membranes, which were designed based on the individual defects, exhibited successful adaptation. Surgical phases involved membrane placement, bone grafting, and subsequent implant placement. Clinical–radiographic follow-ups demonstrated favorable bone gain outcomes, which enabled prosthetic rehabilitation. Despite membrane exposure occurring in 30% of cases, it did not compromise overall success. The study underscores the potential of custom-made GBR membranes in achieving prosthetic goals, though challenges like exposure and the need for a second surgery require further investigations. The results indicate a promising alternative for predictable bone regeneration in complex cases, shedding light on the prosthetically guided approach for optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Dental Materials: A Paradigm Shift in Dentistry?)
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11 pages, 1578 KiB  
Article
A Comparison of Two Fluorescent Stains for the Evaluation of Bioceramic Sealer Penetration into the Tubular Dentine Using Confocal Microscopy
by Amaia Delgado, Raffaella Castagnola, Nicola Maria Grande, Gaizka Loroño, Antonio Conde, Roberto Estevez, Luca Marigo and Ruth Pérez-Alfayate
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(17), 7738; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14177738 - 2 Sep 2024
Viewed by 1020
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the percentage of bioceramic sealer penetration and maximum penetration sealer depending on the fluorescent staining method when evaluated with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). In total, 42 single-rooted premolars were instrumented. Two groups of 20 teeth each were [...] Read more.
This study aimed to compare the percentage of bioceramic sealer penetration and maximum penetration sealer depending on the fluorescent staining method when evaluated with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). In total, 42 single-rooted premolars were instrumented. Two groups of 20 teeth each were filled using the single cone technique. TotalFill BC Sealer® mixed with Rhodamine B was used for the first group and TotalFill BC Sealer® mixed with Fluo-3 for the second group. Two teeth made up the control group. All teeth were sectioned at 3 and 6 mm from the apex and were analyzed with CLSM. The canal perimeter where the tubular penetration happened and the maximum penetration of each sample were calculated. There were no significant differences between the two groups in either the apical or medial sections. In terms of maximum penetration, Rhodamine B had greater tubular penetration in the apical sections, and it had similar results to Fluo-3 in the medial sections. TotalFill BC Sealer® has a higher tubular penetration in the medial slices than in the apical slices regardless of the fluorescent stain used. Rhodamine B has higher results than Fluo-3 in terms of the percentage of sealer penetration and maximum penetration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Dental Materials: A Paradigm Shift in Dentistry?)
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11 pages, 4939 KiB  
Article
Tissue Response to a Heat Resistant Silicate-Based and an Epoxy Resin-Based Endodontic Sealer Implanted in Rat Tibias
by Osvaldo Zmener, Cornelis H. Pameijer, Roberto Della Porta and Romina de Lucca
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(18), 10075; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810075 - 7 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1314
Abstract
Introduction: The effect of high temperatures on the properties of endodontic sealers during warm compaction of gutta-percha may be a matter of concern. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of heat on the biocompatibility and bioactivity of EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow (ESHF; [...] Read more.
Introduction: The effect of high temperatures on the properties of endodontic sealers during warm compaction of gutta-percha may be a matter of concern. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of heat on the biocompatibility and bioactivity of EndoSequence BC Sealer HiFlow (ESHF; Brasseler, Savannah, GA, USA) and AH Plus (AHPS; Dentsply, De Trey, Konstanz, Germany) when implanted into the bone tissue of rat tibias. Methods: Medical-grade silicone tubes containing freshly prepared ESHF or AHPS were heated to 100 °C and then cooled down to 65 °C before being implanted in the tibias of 24 Wistar rats. The outer walls of the tubes served as controls. After 10, 30 and 90 days, the animals were euthanized and the implants and their surrounding tissues were dissected, fixed in formalin, and processed for microscopic evaluation. Results: After 10 days postoperatively, a severe inflammatory reaction without reactionary bone formation was observed in contact with ESHF and AHPS. The severity of the reaction had decreased at the 30-day observation period for both sealers but only ESHF samples showed new bone formation adjacent to the sealer. After 90 days, no inflammatory cells were found in contact with ESHF, while a thin fibrous tissue capsule and complete bone reparation of the surrounding areas were observed in contact with the material. For AH Plus, a fibrous connective tissue containing scarce remaining inflammatory cells could be observed in most of the samples, however, in the absence of new bone formation. No significant differences (p > 0.05) between ESHF and AHPS were found at the 10-day observation period. At the 30 and 90-day, significant differences (p < 0.05) between both materials were observed. The reaction to the controls showed significant differences with ESHF and AHPS for all experimental periods. Significant differences (p < 0.05) for the total effect of time were also found between both sealers (p < 0.05). Conclusions: At the end of the experiment, heated ESHF reacted as a biocompatible/bioactive material and stimulated continued development of new healthy bone. Although AHPS was tolerated well by the surrounding tissues, the sealer did not promote new reparative bone formation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bioactive Dental Materials: A Paradigm Shift in Dentistry?)
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