Selected Papers from the 19th International Conference of Young Scientists on Energy and Natural Sciences Issues (CYSENI 2023)

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 October 2023) | Viewed by 6570

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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Nuclear Installation Safety, Lithuanian Energy Institute, 44403 Kaunas, Lithuania
Interests: safety assessment of nuclear power plants; heat transfer; fluid mechanics; energy systems research; energy systems integration; reliability and risk analysis of energy supply systems; analysis of thermal hydraulic processes
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Guest Editor
Lithuanian Energy Institute, LT-44403 Kaunas, Lithuania
Interests: smart cities; energy security; energy systems; energy efficiency
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The 19th International Conference of Young Scientists on Energy and Natural Sciences Issues (CYSENI 2023) is an annual event initiated by the Lithuanian Energy Institute that is organized together with the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry as well as RTO.Lithuania. The conference will be held in the venue of the Lithuanian Energy Institute in Kaunas, Lithuania (Breslaujos str. 3), from 23 to 26 May 2023. The conference is aimed at young researchers and professionals from Europe and worldwide working in energy, natural, and environmental sciences. CYSENI seeks to provide a free and well-established platform to undergraduate, MSc, PhD students, and entrant early-career scientists to present their latest research, develop their skills, make new contacts, and establish long-lasting scientific relationships. You will find more information about the conference at https://cyseni.com.

This Special Issue contains selected papers peer-reviewed by the journal from the conference.

Dr. Sigitas Rimkevičius
Dr. Rolandas Urbonas
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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69 pages, 31646 KiB  
Article
Power Quality Monitors Displacement Based on Voltage Sags Propagation Mechanism and Grid Reliability Indexes
by Vladislav Liubčuk, Virginijus Radziukynas, Gediminas Kairaitis and Darius Naujokaitis
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(21), 11778; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132111778 - 27 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1945
Abstract
Nowadays, voltage sag continues to remain a critical PQ issue in the industry. Since it is not possible to install a voltage analyzer on every node, optimal monitoring locations must be determined. However, during the PQ monitoring campaign of the Lithuanian DSO grid, [...] Read more.
Nowadays, voltage sag continues to remain a critical PQ issue in the industry. Since it is not possible to install a voltage analyzer on every node, optimal monitoring locations must be determined. However, during the PQ monitoring campaign of the Lithuanian DSO grid, the execution of this task was inhibited by the lack of knowledge and literature about the fundamentals of voltage sags propagation. Therefore, the first part of this paper investigates the propagation paths of voltage sags by using a voltage sag matrix method on the created test grid, which for the first time is BRELL-based. This paper is the first to not only investigate voltage sags propagation paths (both downward and upward) in detail, but also to investigate them complexly, encompassing all four types of short-circuits, both voltages (phase-to-phase and phase-to-ground), and interconnections with other PQ events (interruption, transient, unbalance). The result has established a generalization of voltage sags propagation mechanisms by inductive reasoning and laid the foundation for the further development of PQ theory. The second part of this paper focuses on the Lithuanian DSO grid and is one of the first to investigate voltage sags/interruptions through the prism of both relationship with reliability indexes (SAIFI and SAIDI) and primary causes. For this purpose, we created our own scientific methodology, applying known probabilistic and statistical methods along with newly proposed approaches, in particular for ACR success evaluation and estimation of functions similarity. Full article
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Review

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16 pages, 1094 KiB  
Review
An Overview of Hydrogen’s Application for Energy Purposes in Lithuania
by Darius Pranckevičius, Mantas Marčiukaitis, Eugenijus Perednis and Sigitas Masaitis
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(23), 12623; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132312623 - 23 Nov 2023
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Abstract
Hydrogen has emerged as a promising climate-neutral energy carrier able to facilitate the processes of the European Union (EU) energy transition. Green hydrogen production through the electrolysis process has gained increasing interest recently for application in various sectors of the economy. As a [...] Read more.
Hydrogen has emerged as a promising climate-neutral energy carrier able to facilitate the processes of the European Union (EU) energy transition. Green hydrogen production through the electrolysis process has gained increasing interest recently for application in various sectors of the economy. As a result of the increasing renewable energy developments in the EU, hydrogen is seen as one of the most promising solutions for energy storage challenges; therefore, the leading countries in the energy sector are heavily investing in research of the technical obstacles for hydrogen applications and assessment of the current hydrogen market, which in turn leads to the acceleration of the upscaling of hydrogen production. The main objective of this article was to provide a comprehensive overview of various green hydrogen production, transportation and industrial application technologies and challenges in Europe, with a separate analysis of the situation in Lithuania. Various water electrolysis technologies and their production costs are investigated, along with recent developments in storage and transportation solutions. In addition, the performances and limitations of electrochemical processes are presented and analysed, research trends in the field are discussed and possible solutions for performance and cost improvements are overviewed. This paper proposes a discussion of perspectives in terms of future applications and research directions. Full article
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36 pages, 5029 KiB  
Review
Grid Nodes Selection Strategies for Power Quality Monitoring
by Vladislav Liubčuk, Virginijus Radziukynas, Darius Naujokaitis and Gediminas Kairaitis
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(10), 6048; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13106048 - 15 May 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2516
Abstract
In the past few years, technical progress has determined traditional electric power system conversion to Smart Grids, and consequently empowered a worldwide renaissance in the forgotten PQ field. Since the installation of PQ monitors is currently associated with high investments and operational costs, [...] Read more.
In the past few years, technical progress has determined traditional electric power system conversion to Smart Grids, and consequently empowered a worldwide renaissance in the forgotten PQ field. Since the installation of PQ monitors is currently associated with high investments and operational costs, it is inappropriate to install a monitor on each grid busbar. Hence, grid operators must establish the best cost–benefit scenario for monitors installation and achieve maximal observability with a limited number of analyzers. Firstly, this paper presents a review of the state-of-the-art of displacement strategies, and discusses them regarding the tendencies of node selection criteria, the test schemes used, and the grid size. Secondly, the relevant fundamental issues which must be solved in the future in order to eliminate restrictions in PQ monitors’ allocation planning are presented and discussed. These issues concern the treatment, interpretation, and assessment of PQ events, measurement chain technical features, PQ’s role in the grid planning stage, communication technologies, and other remote monitoring aspects, and integration with other Smart Grid applications. The provided insights are based on experience which has been obtained during the PQ measurement campaign in the Lithuanian DSO grid. Finally, a PQ system development strategy—both short-term and long-term perspectives—in the Lithuanian distribution grid is presented, including monitors allocation criteria. Full article
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