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Novel Advances on Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis, Neurodegenerative and Cardiovascular Diseases: Connecting Dots and Antioxidant Strategies

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A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 January 2024) | Viewed by 9642

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Elisardo Corral Vasquez

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Guest Editor

Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha, Brazil
Interests: gut microbiota; neurodegenerative diseases; hypertension; oxidative stress; inflammation; probiotics; nutraceutics; nephropathies

Dr. Thiago M. C. Pereira

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Guest Editor

Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University, Vila Velha 29102-770, Brazil
Interests: ROS; lactobacillus; hypertension; blood–brain barrier; dementia; antioxidants; nephropathy

Prof. Dr. Manuel Campos-Toimil

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Guest Editor

1. Dpto. Farmacoloxía, Fac. Farmacia USC, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
2. Physiology and Pharmacology of Chronic Diseases (FIFAEC), Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CiMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
Interests: endothelial cells; cardiovascular pharmacology; cell signaling; vascular biology; blood brain barrier; neurovascular disease.
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Despite a growing number of experimental and clinical studies recently providing new knowledge applied to gut microbiota dysbiosis, cardiovascular (CVD) and neurodegenerative (ND) diseases, dramatic disorders such as dementia, Alzheimer (AD) and Parkinson (PD) diseases remain incurable. The difficulty in combating such disorders has been atributed to their complex multifactorial and poligenic characteristics. Moreover, among a variety of factors that can affect the normal integrative axis between gut microbiota and CVD/ND there are the overactivity of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), the sympatho-vagal imbalance, disturbance of the inflammatory-immune systems, accompanied by excessive generation of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction.

In this context, it is urgent to search for new alternative therapies to overcome the current obstacles and to achieve better conditions of life for those suffering from limiting long-term illness. In response to this challenge, many laboratories are focused on the search for alternative bioactive products with therapeutic potential to prevent and decrese the morbidity and mortality.

Therefore, we are waiting for the submission of your most exciting original article or review focusing on the topics listed below. With your valuable contribution, we expect to be able to construct a scenarium where diverse actors can be involved in this relevant topic, promoted as a Special Issue by the open access and peer reviewed journal Antioxidants.

Topics in this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

Novel molecular evidence of connecting dots between CVD and ND;
What is new on natural bioactive products exhibiting potential therapeutic actions and targetting CVD and ND;
The link between hypertension and pregnant gut dysbiosis and how these conditions could affect the gut microbiota seeding in newborns;
New approaches to clarify the connecting dots between the gut microbiota and brain disorders;
New advances on oxidative stress, inflammation, imbalance of autonomic nervous system and overactivitity of RAS;
New therapeutic procedures and bioproducts against diseases related to blood–brain barrier disruption;
New insights in the relationship between ageing (from early days of life to elderly people) and gut microbiota dysbiosis. What about healthy centenarian people?

New strategies using natural bioproducts against complications of metabolic syndrome (e.g., wound healing, nephropathy).

Dr. Elisardo Corral Vasquez
Dr. Thiago M. C. Pereira
Prof. Dr. Manuel Campos-Toimil
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

gut microbiota
natural bioactive products
neurodegenerative diseases
cardiovascular diseases
renin-angiotensin system
sympatho-vagal system
hypertension
ROS
oxidative stress
inflammation
cytokines

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 2841 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Hydrogen-Rich Water Ameliorates Metabolic Disorder via Modifying Gut Microbiota in Impaired Fasting Glucose Patients: A Randomized Controlled Study

by Bing Liang, Le Shi, Dongyue Du, Hua Li, Ning Yi, Yue Xi, Jianjiao Cui, Ping Li, Hongbin Kang, Mami Noda, Xuejun Sun, Jiankang Liu, Shucun Qin and Jiangang Long

Antioxidants 2023, 12(6), 1245; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12061245 - 09 Jun 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3352

Abstract

Objective: Molecular hydrogen (H₂) exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, and has shown benefits in glucose and lipid metabolism in certain animal metabolic disorder models. However, the potential benefits of H₂ treatment in individuals with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) has seldom been studied. This randomized controlled study (RCT) aims to investigate the effects of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) on IFG subjects and explore the underlying mechanism involved. Methods: Seventy-three patients with IFG were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study. These patients were assigned to receive either 1000 mL per day of HRW or placebo pure water (no H₂ infusion) for a duration of eight weeks. Metabolic parameters and fecal gut microbiota were assessed at baseline (week 0) and at week 8. A combined analysis of metabolomics and intestinal microbiota was conducted to investigate the correlation between the effect of H₂ on the metabolisms and the diversity of intestinal flora in the IGF patients. Results: Both pure water and HRW demonstrated a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose in IFG patients, with a significant difference between pure water and HRW after eight weeks. Among IFG patients with abnormal pre-experimental fatty liver, 62.5% (10/16) in the HRW group and 31.6% (6/19) in the pure water group achieved remission. Furthermore, 16S RNA analysis revealed HRW-modified gut microbiota dysbiosis in the fecal samples of IGF patients. Through Pearson correlation analysis, the differential gut microbiota obtained by 16S analysis was found to be highly correlated with nine metabolites. Conclusion: H₂ slightly improved metabolic abnormalities and gut microbiota dysbiosis, providing a novel target and theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of blood glucose regulation in patients with IFG. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances on Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis, Neurodegenerative and Cardiovascular Diseases: Connecting Dots and Antioxidant Strategies)

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26 pages, 3656 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Mangosteen Pericarp Extract Supplementation Boosts Antioxidant Status via Rebuilding Gut Microbiota to Attenuate Motor Deficit in 6-OHDA-Induced Parkinson’s Disease

by Bira Arumndari Nurrahma, Tu-Hsueh Yeh, Rong-Hong Hsieh, Shu-Ping Tsao, Chia-Wen Chen, Yen-Peng Lee, Chun-Hsu Pan and Hui-Yu Huang

Antioxidants 2022, 11(12), 2396; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11122396 - 02 Dec 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1714

Abstract

Oxidative stress and gut dysbiosis have been known to precede Parkinson’s disease (PD). An antioxidant-rich product, mangosteen pericarp (MP), has the ability to counterbalance excessive free radicals and the imbalanced gut microbiota composition, suggesting the MP’s capacity to delay PD progression. In this study, we explored the effects of two doses of MP extract in a unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced PD rat model. We revealed that the 8-week supplementation of a low dose (LMP) and a high dose of the MP extract (HMP) improved motor function, as observed in decreased contralateral rotation, improved time spent on rod, and higher dopamine binding transporter (DAT) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). The MP extract, especially the HMP, also increased antioxidant-related gene expressions, restored muscle mitochondrial function, and remodeled fecal microbiota composition, which were followed by reduced reactive oxygen species levels in brain and inflammation in plasma. Importantly, bacterial genera Sutterella, Rothia, and Aggregatibacter, which were negatively correlated with antioxidant gene expressions, decreased in the HMP group. It is imperative to note that in addition to directly acting as an antioxidant to reduce excessive free radicals, MP extract might also increase antioxidant state by rebuilding gut microbiota, thereby enhanced anti-inflammatory capacity and restored mitochondrial function to attenuate motor deficit in 6-OHDA-induced PD-like condition. All in all, MP extract is a potential candidate for auxiliary therapy for PD. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances on Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis, Neurodegenerative and Cardiovascular Diseases: Connecting Dots and Antioxidant Strategies)

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15 pages, 7343 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development and Evaluation of Virola oleifera Formulation for Cutaneous Wound Healing

by Glaucimeire R. Carvalho, Débora S. Braz, Talita C. O. Gonçalves, Rafaela Aires, Larissa Z. Côco, Marcio Guidoni, Marcio Fronza, Denise C. Endringer, Antonio D. S. Júnior, Manuel Campos-Toimil, Breno V. Nogueira, Elisardo C. Vasquez, Bianca P. Campagnaro and Thiago M. C. Pereira

Antioxidants 2022, 11(9), 1647; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox11091647 - 25 Aug 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1701

Abstract

In regions adjacent to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, Virola oleifera (VO) resin extract has been popularly used for decades as a skin and mucosal healing agent. However, this antioxidant-rich resin has not yet been investigated in wound healing, whose physiological process might also be aggravated by oxidative stress-related diseases (e.g., hypertension/diabetes). Our aim, therefore, was to investigate whether VO resin presents healing effects through an innovative cream for topical applications. For this, adult male Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Then, four 15 mm excisions were performed on the shaved skin. All treatments were applied topically to the wound area daily. At the end of experiments (0, 3rd, and 10th days) macroscopic analysis of wound tissue contraction and histological analysis of inflammatory cell parameters were performed. The group treated with VO cream showed the best wound contraction (15%, p < 0.05) and reduced levels of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation (118% and 110%, p < 0.05, respectively) compared to the control group. Our results demonstrated the healing capacity of a new formulation prepared with VO, which could be, at least in part, justified by antioxidant mechanisms that contribute to re-epithelialization, becoming a promising dermo-cosmetic for the treatment of wound healing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances on Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis, Neurodegenerative and Cardiovascular Diseases: Connecting Dots and Antioxidant Strategies)

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Review

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15 pages, 1381 KiB

Open AccessReview

Is the Gut Microbiome Implicated in the Excess Risk of Hypertension Associated with Obstructive Sleep Apnea? A Contemporary Review

by Sanah S. Munir, Fatima H. Sert Kuniyoshi, Prachi Singh and Naima Covassin

Antioxidants 2023, 12(4), 866; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040866 - 03 Apr 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2039

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent sleep disorder and an established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension. The pathogenesis of elevated blood pressure (BP) in OSA is multifactorial, including sympathetic overdrive, vascular aberrations, oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation. Among the mechanisms potentially involved in OSA-induced hypertension, the role of the gut microbiome is gaining increasing attention. Perturbations in the diversity, composition, and function of the gut microbiota have been causally linked to numerous disorders, and robust evidence has identified gut dysbiosis as a determinant of BP elevation in various populations. In this brief review, we summarize the current body of literature on the implications of altered gut microbiota for hypertension risk in OSA. Data from both preclinical models of OSA and patient populations are presented, and potential mechanistic pathways are highlighted, along with therapeutic considerations. Available evidence suggests that gut dysbiosis may promote the development of hypertension in OSA and may thus be a target for interventions aimed at attenuating the adverse consequences of OSA in relation to cardiovascular risk. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Novel Advances on Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis, Neurodegenerative and Cardiovascular Diseases: Connecting Dots and Antioxidant Strategies)

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