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Antioxidants
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The Role of Oxidative Stress in Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Disorders...
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The Role of Oxidative Stress in Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "ROS, RNS and RSS".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 February 2024) | Viewed by 4062

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Valéria Cristina Sandrim

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Sao Paulo 18618-689, Brazil
Interests: biochemical and genetic biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction; nitric oxide and pharmacological therapy in pre-eclampsia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Priscila Rezeck Nunes

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, São Paulo State University—UNESP, Sao Paulo 18618-689, Brazil
Interests: immunological; biochemical; genetic biomarkers of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation; pharmacological therapy in pre-eclampsia
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Preeclampsia (PE) is a multifactorial maternal syndrome characterized by the onset of hypertension after 20 weeks of gestation associated with proteinuria or other end-organ damage. PE is one of the major causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting an estimated 3–8% of all pregnancies. Several risk factors are related to PE and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy including family history, maternal age, chronic hypertension, maternal smoking, number of pregnancies, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, obesity and multifetal gestations.

An oxidative stress imbalance, an asymmetry between intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and the antioxidant defense system, is indicated as one of the main participants of the pathophysiology of PE and is known to lead to endothelial dysfunction characteristic of these conditions.

This Special Issue will aggregate to this field by publishing original research studies or reviews focused on oxidative stress and antioxidant therapy related to preeclampsia and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Prof. Dr. Valéria Cristina Sandrim
Dr. Priscila Rezeck Nunes
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • preeclampsia
  • hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
  • antioxidants
  • oxidants
  • biomarkers
  • endothelial dysfunction

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1996 KiB  
Article
EGCG, a Green Tea Compound, Increases NO Production and Has Antioxidant Action in a Static and Shear Stress In Vitro Model of Preeclampsia
by Mariana Bertozzi-Matheus, Thaina Omia Bueno-Pereira, Priscila Rezeck Nunes and Valeria Cristina Sandrim
Antioxidants 2024, 13(2), 158; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13020158 - 26 Jan 2024
Viewed by 835
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a gestational hypertensive disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the main compound in green tea, is a promising therapeutic target for the disease. By activating eNOS, EGCG increased NO production and exerted an important antioxidant action, but its specific [...] Read more.
Preeclampsia (PE) is a gestational hypertensive disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the main compound in green tea, is a promising therapeutic target for the disease. By activating eNOS, EGCG increased NO production and exerted an important antioxidant action, but its specific impact in the context of PE remains understudied. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of EGCG on endothelial function in static and shear stress in in vitro models of PE. Endothelial cells were incubated with healthy (HP) and preeclamptic (PE) pregnant women’s plasma, and the latter group was treated with EGCG. Additionally, NOS (L-NAME) and PI3K protein (LY249002) inhibitors were also used. The levels of NO, ROS, and O2•− were evaluated, as well as the antioxidant potential. These investigations were also carried out in a shear stress model. We found that EGCG increases the NO levels, which were reduced in the PE group. This effect was attenuated with the use of L-NAME and LY249002. Furthermore, EGCG increased the antioxidant capacity of PE, but its action decreased with LY294002. In cells subjected to shear stress, EGCG increased nitrite levels in the PE group and maintained its action on the antioxidant capacity. This is the first study of the effects of EGCG in this experimental model, as well as the investigation of its effects along with shear stress. Our findings suggest that EGCG improves parameters of endothelial dysfunction in vitro, making it a promising target in the search for treatments for the disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Oxidative Stress in Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy)
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0 pages, 4456 KiB  
Article
Systemic Oxidative Stress in Severe Early-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction Associates with Concomitant Pre-Eclampsia, Not with Severity of Fetal Growth Restriction
by Marjon E. Feenstra, Martin F. Bourgonje, Arno R. Bourgonje, Mirthe H. Schoots, Jan-Luuk Hillebrands, Anneke C. Muller Kobold, Jelmer R. Prins, Harry van Goor, Wessel Ganzevoort and Sanne J. Gordijn
Antioxidants 2024, 13(1), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13010046 - 26 Dec 2023
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Abstract
Background: Placental insufficiency is an important mechanism underlying early-onset fetal growth restriction (eoFGR). Reduced placental function causes impaired metabolic and gaseous exchange. This unfavorable placental environment is among other processes characterized by increased oxidative stress. Systemic free thiols (FT) are known for their [...] Read more.
Background: Placental insufficiency is an important mechanism underlying early-onset fetal growth restriction (eoFGR). Reduced placental function causes impaired metabolic and gaseous exchange. This unfavorable placental environment is among other processes characterized by increased oxidative stress. Systemic free thiols (FT) are known for their reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity, and higher plasma levels of FT are associated with a better outcome in a multitude of ischemic and inflammatory diseases. We aimed to investigate the relationships between systemic FT levels and maternal and perinatal clinical characteristics and outcomes. Study design: In a post hoc analysis of the Dutch Strider study, a cohort of women with eoFGR, we investigated the association between the maternal redox status (FT) levels at study inclusion, placental biomarkers, and maternal and neonatal outcomes in 108 patients. Results: FT were significantly lower in pregnancies complicated with eoFGR with concurrent maternal hypertensive disorders (pregnancy-induced hypertension; ρ = −0.281 p = 0.004, pre-eclampsia; ρ = −0.505 p = 0.000). In addition, lower FT levels were significantly associated with higher systolic (ρ = −0.348 p = 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (ρ = −0.266 p = 0.014), but not with the severity of eoFGR. FT levels were inversely associated with sFlt (ρ = −0.366, p < 0.001). A strong relation between systemic FT levels and PlGF levels was observed in women with pre-eclampsia at delivery (ρ = 0.452, p = 0.002), which was not found in women without hypertensive disorders (ρ = 0.008, p = 0.958). Conclusions: In women with pregnancies complicated with eoFGR, FT levels reflect the severity of maternal disease related to the underlying placental insufficiency rather than the severity of the placental dysfunction as reflected in eoFGR or perinatal outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Oxidative Stress in Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy)
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13 pages, 7631 KiB  
Article
A Novel Dual-Function Nitric Oxide Donor Therapy for Preeclampsia—A Proof-of-Principle Study in a Murine Model
by Diana Pintye, Réka E. Sziva, Lauren A. Biwer, Esilida Sula Karreci, Sonako Jacas, Maxim Mastyugin, Marianna Török, Brett C. Young, Prakash Jagtap, Garry J. Southan, Iris Z. Jaffe and Zsuzsanna K. Zsengellér
Antioxidants 2023, 12(12), 2036; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12122036 - 23 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1694
Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality for the mother and fetus. Reduced nitric oxide bioavailability and oxidative stress contribute to the maternal and fetal pathophysiology of PE. In this study, we [...] Read more.
Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy that is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality for the mother and fetus. Reduced nitric oxide bioavailability and oxidative stress contribute to the maternal and fetal pathophysiology of PE. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of a novel dual-function nitric oxide donor/redox modulator, AKT-1005, in reducing PE symptoms in a mouse model of PE. Method: The potential therapeutic effect of AKT-1005 was tested in an animal model of Ad.sFlt-1-induced hypertension, proteinuria and glomerular endotheliosis, a model of PE. Pregnant Ad.sFlt-1-overexpressing CD1 mice were randomized into groups administered AKT-1005 (20 mg/kg) or a vehicle using a minipump on gd11 of pregnancy, and the impact on blood pressure and renal and placental damage were assessed. Results: In healthy female mice, ex vivo treatment of resistance vessels with AKT-1005 induced vasorelaxation, and 6 days of treatment in vivo did not significantly alter blood pressure with or without pregnancy. When given for 6 days during pregnancy along with Ad.sFlt-1-induced PE, AKT-1005 significantly increased plasma nitrate levels and reduced hypertension, renal endotheliosis and plasma cystatin C. In the placenta, AKT-1005 improved placental function, with reduced oxidative stress and increased endothelial angiogenesis, as measured by CD31 staining. As such, AKT-1005 treatment attenuated the Ad.sFlt-1-induced increase in placental and free plasma soluble endoglin expression. Conclusions: These data suggest that AKT-1005 significantly attenuates the sFlt-1-induced PE phenotypes by inhibiting oxidative stress, the anti-angiogenic response, and increasing NO bioavailability. Additional research is warranted to investigate the role of AKT-1005 as a novel therapeutic agent for vascular disorders such as preeclampsia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Oxidative Stress in Preeclampsia and Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy)
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