The Effect of Nutritional Intervention and Diet on Oxidative Stress and Human Diseases

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2026 | Viewed by 1193

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
2. Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
3. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Interests: non-communicable chronic diseases; obesity; diet; nutrition; lifestyle; oxidative stress; inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
2. Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
3. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Interests: non-communicable chronic diseases; obesity; diet; nutrition; lifestyle; oxidative stress; inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, University of the Balearic Islands-IUNICS, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
2. Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
3. CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Interests: non-communicable chronic diseases; obesity; diet; nutrition; lifestyle; oxidative stress; inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Growing evidence has indicated that nutritional interventions and diet are pivotal in managing oxidative stress and inflammation, and their impact on several highly prevalent chronic human diseases. Oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with several chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, MAFLD, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer.

A diet rich in antioxidants can significantly mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation.  Conversely, diets high in processed foods, sugars, and unhealthy fats contribute to oxidative stress and inflammation. Excessive consumption of these foods increases free radical production, exacerbating the risk of chronic diseases.

The understanding of how nutritional intervention and diet interact with oxidative stress and inflammation is an open field of high importance. Equally relevant is the design of therapeutic strategies based on dietary habits for preventing and managing oxidative stress-related diseases.

This Special Issue invites the submission of original research and review articles and meta-analyses on oxidative stress and human diseases. Accordingly, research on the impact of nutritional intervention and diet on human health will also be the subject of this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Josep A. Tur
Dr. Cristina Bouzas
Dr. Margalida Monserrat-Mesquida
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • nutrition
  • diet
  • oxidative stress
  • inflammation
  • human chronic diseases
  • supplements
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • diabetes
  • obesity

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

29 pages, 2069 KiB  
Article
Explorative Analysis of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Intestinal Barrier Protective Effects of In Vitro Digested Chickpea- and Dark Chocolate-Based Snack: Insights from Caco-2 and THP-1 Cell Models
by Gaia de Simone, Laura Bonfili, Anna Maria Eleuteri, Laura Bordoni and Rosita Gabbianelli
Antioxidants 2025, 14(7), 823; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14070823 - 4 Jul 2025
Abstract
Chickpeas are used as alternative protein sources in healthy snacks due to their bioactive compounds beneficial for gut health. Combining chickpeas with dark chocolate improves palatability and may enhance biological functionality, although mechanistic evidence is still limited. In this explorative research, we evaluate [...] Read more.
Chickpeas are used as alternative protein sources in healthy snacks due to their bioactive compounds beneficial for gut health. Combining chickpeas with dark chocolate improves palatability and may enhance biological functionality, although mechanistic evidence is still limited. In this explorative research, we evaluate the nutrigenomic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of a chickpea and chocolate snack using in vitro Caco-2 (colon adenocarcinoma cells) and THP-1 (monocyte-derived macrophages) models. The total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity were measured after in vitro digestion (30.30 mg/mL to 1.9 mg/mL). Caco-2 epithelia and THP-1 were pre-treated for 4 days (2 h/day) with high (15.1 mg/mL) or low (3.8 mg/mL) concentrations of digests. Inflammation was induced for 3 h by LPS (Lipopolysaccharides) and IL-1β (Interleukin-1β). Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was measured to assess barrier integrity. Gene expression related to tight junctions and inflammation was analysed using qPCR (quantitative polymerase chain reaction). Chocolate and snack digests showed the highest total polyphenol content and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl activity. Barrier integrity improved with all treatments. Chickpea upregulated tight junction gene expression. Chickpea and chocolate reduced IL-1β expression in both cell types. In THP-1, the chocolate and the snack upregulated CD206 (mannose receptor C-type 1) expression. IL-10 increased with all treatments. These results pave the way for future research that may support the potential use of this snack as a functional food with antioxidant, gut-protective and anti-inflammatory effects. Full article
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14 pages, 894 KiB  
Article
Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Anemia Risk in Children and Adolescents: Insights from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
by Linfeng Li, Zhongwang Wang, Zhengyu Yu and Ting Niu
Antioxidants 2025, 14(4), 395; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox14040395 - 27 Mar 2025
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 624
Abstract
Anemia, a global health concern, significantly impacts children and adolescents, impairing their physical and cognitive development. While nutritional deficiencies are primary contributors, oxidative stress has emerged as a key factor in anemia pathogenesis. Flavonoids, known for their antioxidant properties, may play a protective [...] Read more.
Anemia, a global health concern, significantly impacts children and adolescents, impairing their physical and cognitive development. While nutritional deficiencies are primary contributors, oxidative stress has emerged as a key factor in anemia pathogenesis. Flavonoids, known for their antioxidant properties, may play a protective role, but their relationship with anemia in pediatric populations remains underexplored. Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles (2007–2008, 2009–2010, and 2017–2018), we analyzed 6815 participants aged ≤20 years to investigate the association between dietary flavonoid intake and anemia risk. Flavonoid intake was assessed via two 24 h dietary recalls, and anemia was defined using WHO hemoglobin thresholds. Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models were employed, adjusting for sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle factors. The results showed that lower dietary flavonoid intake was significantly associated with increased anemia risk. High-intake groups of total flavonoids and flavan-3-ols were linked to a reduced anemia prevalence compared to low-intake groups, with odds ratios (ORs) of OR = 0.641 (95% CI: 0.439, 0.935) and 0.612 (95% CI: 0.406, 0.921), respectively. This study highlights the potential protective role of dietary flavonoids, particularly flavan-3-ols, in reducing the anemia risk among children and adolescents, underscoring the importance of flavonoid-rich diets in anemia prevention. Full article
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