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Antioxidants
Special Issues
Advances for the NO/NOS System
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Advances for the NO/NOS System

A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Antioxidant Enzyme Systems".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 8085

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Adriana Elena Bulboaca

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Guest Editor
Department of Pathophysiology, Iuliu Haţieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Victor Babeş Street, No. 2-4, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: oxidative stress; nitrosative stress; inflammation; nanomedicine
Prof. Dr. Sorana D. Bolboacă

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Str., No. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: applied and computational statistics; molecular modeling; genetic analysis; statistical modeling in medicine; integrated health informatics system; medical diagnostic research; statistical inference; medical imaging analysis; assisted decision systems; research ethics; social media and health information; evidence-based medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Following its important discovery, NO has been extensively studied for its important functions in physiological and pathological biological processes. NO acts as a neurotransmitter in the nervous system, facilitates phagocytosis, and contributes to the proper function of the reproductive system. In the vascular system, it has vasodilating effects, contributes to maintaining the integrity of the vascular barrier represented by vascular endothelial cells, prevents the adhesion of platelets and neutrophyls to the vascular wall, and prevents platelet aggregation.

All these effects make it an ideal candidate for thrombotic-process-modulating therapies. On the other hand, the role of NO in nitro-oxidative stress and inflammation is well known, being a specific target for anti-inflammatory therapies.

The enzyme responsible for NO formation in living tissues is represented by NO synthase (NOS). NOS can modulate the availability of NO in various tissues. The interplay between NO and NOS can represent the borderline between physiological and pathological processes. Molecular cloning of constitutive NOS isoforms and functional significance is not yet clear.

The enormous multiplicity of the NO/NOS system in terms of its role as a biological messenger merits further exploration of these molecules and their role in physiological and pathological processes. This Special Issue of Antioxidants aims to provide an update of this interesting and provocative subject.

Prof. Dr. Adriana Elena Bulboaca
Prof. Dr. Sorana D. Bolboacă
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  •  reactive oxygen species
  •  nitric oxide
  •  nitric oxide synthase
  •  NO/NOS therapies
  •  aging
  •  senescence
  •  NO signaling pathways
  •  therapeutic agents
  •  oxidative stress
  •  inflammation
  •  phagocytosis
  •  neurotransmitters
  •  vasodilators
  •  antiaggregant molecules

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 2890 KiB  
Article
Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Root Capsules Enhance Analgesic and Antioxidant Efficacy of Diclofenac Sodium in Experimental Acute Inflammation
by Ioana Boarescu, Raluca Maria Pop, Paul-Mihai Boarescu, Ioana Corina Bocșan, Dan Gheban, Adriana Elena Bulboacă, Anca Dana Buzoianu and Sorana D. Bolboacă
Antioxidants 2023, 12(3), 745; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030745 - 18 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2682
Abstract
Our study aimed to evaluate the analgesic and antioxidant effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) root capsule extract (GRCE) in addition to diclofenac (D) sodium treatment in carrageenan-induced acute inflammation (AI). Seven groups of eight Wistar-Bratislava white rats were included in the [...] Read more.
Our study aimed to evaluate the analgesic and antioxidant effects of ginger (Zingiber officinale) root capsule extract (GRCE) in addition to diclofenac (D) sodium treatment in carrageenan-induced acute inflammation (AI). Seven groups of eight Wistar-Bratislava white rats were included in the study. One group was the control (C), and AI was induced in the other six groups. The following treatments were applied: saline solution for C and AI groups, D for the AID group, GRCE for two groups and GRCE and D for another two groups. The GRCE was administered by gavage in two doses (100 mg/Kg b.w. or 200 mg/kg b.w.), while D was administered intraperitoneally in a dose of 5 mg/kg b.w. The association of GRCE with this low dose of diclofenac reduced pain threshold and improved mobility with the best results for the dose of 200 mg/kg b.w. Moreover, this combination reduced, better than D alone, the serum levels of the evaluated pro-oxidant parameters (malondialdehyde, the indirect assessment of NO synthesis, total oxidative status and oxidative stress index) up to 78%, especially oxidative stress index (p < 0.0001). GRCE alone slightly improved the antioxidant parameters (total antioxidant capacity and total thiols), but when associated with, D the results were better, especially for total thiols as their plasma levels increased up to 50% (p < 0.0010), with the best results obtained for the 200 mg/kg b.w. dose of GRCE. In conclusion, ginger root capsules associated with diclofenac might offer additional antioxidant and analgesic effects in a dose-dependent manner in acute inflammation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances for the NO/NOS System)
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Review

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19 pages, 1287 KiB  
Review
The NOS/NO System in Renal Programming and Reprogramming
by You-Lin Tain and Chien-Ning Hsu
Antioxidants 2023, 12(8), 1629; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12081629 - 17 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1096
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous signaling molecule with renoprotective properties. NO can be produced in NO synthase (NOS)-dependent or -independent manners. NO deficiency plays a decisive role in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Kidney development can be affected in response to adverse intrauterine [...] Read more.
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous signaling molecule with renoprotective properties. NO can be produced in NO synthase (NOS)-dependent or -independent manners. NO deficiency plays a decisive role in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Kidney development can be affected in response to adverse intrauterine conditions that induce renal programming, thereby raising the risk of developing CKD in adulthood. Conversely, detrimental programming processes could be postponed or halted prior to the onset of CKD by early treatments, namely reprogramming. The current review provides an overview of the NOS/NO research performed in the context of renal programming and reprogramming. NO deficiency has been increasingly found to interact with the different mechanisms behind renal programming, such as oxidative stress, aberrant function of the renin–angiotensin system, disturbed nutrient-sensing mechanisms, dysregulated hydrogen sulfide signaling, and gut microbiota dysbiosis. The supplementation of NOS substrates, the inhibition of asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), the administration of NO donors, and the enhancement of NOS during gestation and lactation have shown beneficial effects against renal programming in preclinical studies. Although human data on maternal NO deficiency and offspring kidney disease are scarce, experimental data indicate that targeting NO could be a promising reprogramming strategy in the setting of renal programming. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances for the NO/NOS System)
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23 pages, 2094 KiB  
Review
Nitric Oxide/Nitric Oxide Synthase System in the Pathogenesis of Neurodegenerative Disorders—An Overview
by Olga-Maria Iova, Gheorghe-Eduard Marin, Izabella Lazar, Ioana Stanescu, Gabriela Dogaru, Cristina Ariadna Nicula and Adriana Elena Bulboacă
Antioxidants 2023, 12(3), 753; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12030753 - 20 Mar 2023
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3155
Abstract
Nitric oxide, a ubiquitous molecule found throughout the natural world, is a key molecule implicated in many central and benefic molecular pathways and has a well-established role in the function of the central nervous system, as numerous studies have previously shown. Dysregulation of [...] Read more.
Nitric oxide, a ubiquitous molecule found throughout the natural world, is a key molecule implicated in many central and benefic molecular pathways and has a well-established role in the function of the central nervous system, as numerous studies have previously shown. Dysregulation of its metabolism, mainly the upregulation of nitric oxide production, has been proposed as a trigger and/or aggravator for many neurological affections. Increasing evidence supports the implication of this molecule in prevalent neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The mechanisms proposed for its neurotoxicity mainly center around the increased quantities of nitric oxide that are produced in the brain, their cause, and, most importantly, the pathological metabolic cascades created. These cascades lead to the formation of neuronal toxic substances that impair the neurons’ function and structure on multiple levels. The purpose of this review is to present the main causes of increased pathological production, as well as the most important pathophysiological mechanisms triggered by nitric oxide, mechanisms that could help explain a part of the complex picture of neurodegenerative diseases and help develop targeted therapies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances for the NO/NOS System)
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