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Antibiotics
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Molecular Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
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Molecular Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Mechanism and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2022) | Viewed by 9896

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Harshad Lade

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 05355, Korea
Interests: methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA); antimicrobial resistance; novel targets against MRSA; biofilm inhibition; quorum sensing inhibition (QSI)
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most common human bacterial pathogens, causing simple soft skin infections to severe pneumonia. Several antibiotics with different mechanisms of action such as ceftaroline, vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin have been introduced to treat MRSA infections. However, antimicrobial resistance has emerged in many S. aureus clones around the world, in both hospital and community settings. This antibiotic resistance can be due to different mechanisms such as target modification where antibiotics bind (PBP2a), mutation of the target site (mutation in PBP4, PBP2a, gdpP), drug inactivation through enzymes (β-lactamase hydrolyzes penicillin), or the prevention of drug accumulation or efflux (decreased membrane permeability or increased efflux by efflux pump). Thus, understanding the molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance is important for the development of antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action and molecular detection methods of antibiotic resistance.

For this Special Issue, we invite you to contribute original research, case reports, and review papers elucidating the molecular basis of antibiotic resistance in S. aureus. Novel computational approaches for antimicrobial resistance determination and genomic characterization will also be considered.

Dr. Harshad Lade
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • MRSA
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • β-lactams
  • mecA
  • PBP2a
  • efflux pump
  • auxiliary factors
  • antibiotic targets

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 620 KiB  
Article
Molecular Basis of Methicillin and Vancomycin Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus from Cattle, Sheep Carcasses and Slaughterhouse Workers
by Hanan A. Zaher, Shimaa El Baz, Abdulaziz S. Alothaim, Sulaiman A. Alsalamah, Mohammed Ibrahim Alghonaim, Abdullah S. Alawam and Mostafa M. Eraqi
Antibiotics 2023, 12(2), 205; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020205 - 18 Jan 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2777
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a serious infection-causing pathogen in humans and animal. In particular, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is considered one of the major life-threatening pathogens due to its rapid resistance to several antibiotics in clinical practice. MRSA strains have [...] Read more.
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a serious infection-causing pathogen in humans and animal. In particular, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is considered one of the major life-threatening pathogens due to its rapid resistance to several antibiotics in clinical practice. MRSA strains have recently been isolated in a number of animals utilized in food production processes, and these species are thought to be the important sources of the spread of infection and disease in both humans and animals. The main objective of the current study was to assess the prevalence of drug-resistant S. aureus, particularly vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) and MRSA, by molecular methods. To address this issue, a total of three hundred samples (200 meat samples from cattle and sheep carcasses (100 of each), 50 hand swabs, and 50 stool samples from abattoir workers) were obtained from slaughterhouses in Egypt provinces. In total, 19% S. aureus was isolated by standard culture techniques, and the antibiotic resistance was confirmed genotypically by amplification nucA gen. Characteristic resistance genes were identified by PCR with incidence of 31.5%, 19.3%, 8.7%, and 7% for the mecA, VanA, ermA, and tet L genes, respectively, while the aac6-aph gene was not found in any of the isolates. In this study, the virulence genes responsible for S. aureus’ resistance to antibiotics had the highest potential for infection or disease transmission to animal carcasses, slaughterhouse workers, and meat products. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA))
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Review

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28 pages, 949 KiB  
Review
Molecular Basis of Non-β-Lactam Antibiotics Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus
by Harshad Lade, Hwang-Soo Joo and Jae-Seok Kim
Antibiotics 2022, 11(10), 1378; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11101378 - 8 Oct 2022
Cited by 30 | Viewed by 6429
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most successful human pathogens with the potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality. MRSA has acquired resistance to almost all β-lactam antibiotics, including the new-generation cephalosporins, and is often also resistant to multiple other antibiotic [...] Read more.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most successful human pathogens with the potential to cause significant morbidity and mortality. MRSA has acquired resistance to almost all β-lactam antibiotics, including the new-generation cephalosporins, and is often also resistant to multiple other antibiotic classes. The expression of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) is the primary basis for β-lactams resistance by MRSA, but it is coupled with other resistance mechanisms, conferring resistance to non-β-lactam antibiotics. The multiplicity of resistance mechanisms includes target modification, enzymatic drug inactivation, and decreased antibiotic uptake or efflux. This review highlights the molecular basis of resistance to non-β-lactam antibiotics recommended to treat MRSA infections such as macrolides, lincosamides, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, oxazolidinones, lipopeptides, and others. A thorough understanding of the molecular and biochemical basis of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates could help in developing promising therapies and molecular detection methods of antibiotic resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA))
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