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Antibiotics
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Oral Infections: Antimicrobial Treatment and Prevention of Complications in Head...
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Oral Infections: Antimicrobial Treatment and Prevention of Complications in Head and Neck

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2022) | Viewed by 32963

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Michele Antonio Lopez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Head and Neck and Sensory Organs, Division of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, Gemelli Foundation for the University Policlinic, Catholic University of the "Sacred Heart", 00168 Rome, Italy
2. Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico Rome Italy, Via A. del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
Interests: dental implant; sinus lift; odntogenic sinusitis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Manuele Casale

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Medicine, Campus Bio-Medico University, Fondazione Policlinico Campus Bio-Medico, Via A. del Portillo 200, 00128 Rome, Italy
Interests: sinusitis; sleep apnea syndrome; rhinology; new surgical devices in ENT
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

There are many pathologies in the neck and facial area that require different treatments depending on their etiology.

Odontogenic infections originating from a tooth or from its supporting structures can extend to jaws or closer structures, creating greater complications as in the case of sinusitis and oroantral fistulas. The correct functionality of the maxillary sinus is essential in order to manage the pathological process.

A careful evaluation of the functionality of the entire area through an accurate clinical and radiological diagnosis before surgery makes it possible to avoid more complex treatments.

Of particular interest are pathologies of infectious origin which require antibiotic treatments that are sometimes complex and often need the support of a surgical treatment.

Antibiotic prophylaxis in ENT, oral and maxillofacial surgery helps the prevention of the infection during and after surgery depending on the invasiveness of the intervention and the general state of the patient.

The extreme complexity of this area requires the participation and collaboration of several specialists who must work together for an increasingly necessary multidisciplinary approach. Dentists, otolaryngologists, and maxillofacial surgeons are the most involved figures.

The focus of this Special Issue is on the treatment of pathologies of the cervical facial region, but also on all preventive therapies that can avoid more complex disorders, reducing patient morbidity and reducing treatment costs.

Prof. Dr. Michele Antonio Lopez
Prof. Dr. Manuele Casale
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antimicrobial
  • cervico-facial
  • prevention
  • head and neck

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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9 pages, 1829 KiB  
Article
Odontogenic Sinusitis from Classical Complications and Its Treatment: Our Experience
by Lorenzo Sabatino, Michelangelo Pierri, Francesco Iafrati, Simone Di Giovanni, Antonio Moffa, Luigi De Benedetto, Pier Carmine Passarelli and Manuele Casale
Antibiotics 2023, 12(2), 390; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics12020390 - 15 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 4119
Abstract
Odontogenic sinusitis (ODS) refers to the maxillary sinus infection, which is secondary to either adjacent infectious dental pathologies or procedures. The aim of this retrospective study is to report the experiences of the department of integrated therapies in otolaryngology (Campus Bio-Medico Foundation, Rome, [...] Read more.
Odontogenic sinusitis (ODS) refers to the maxillary sinus infection, which is secondary to either adjacent infectious dental pathologies or procedures. The aim of this retrospective study is to report the experiences of the department of integrated therapies in otolaryngology (Campus Bio-Medico Foundation, Rome, Italy) in classifying and treating patients that are affected by odontogenic sinusitis derived from “classic complications”. A total of 68 patients responding to the criteria and to the definition as a classical odontogenic complication were included. The surgical therapy consisted of a combined oral and nasal simultaneous approach for 28 patients (43%), a combined non-simultaneous approach for 4 patients (6%), a nasal only approach for 14 patients (21%), and an oral only approach for 20 patients (30%). All the patients presented a complete resolution of the symptoms. The choice of performing a nasal, oral, or combined approach is based on the presence of anatomical elements that facilitate sinusitis and reinfection occurrence, such as deviated nasal septum, concha bullosa, or obstructed osteo-meatal complex. The correct use of validated classification, the pre-operative CT scan, a multidisciplinary approach, and an appropriate presurgical examination are the necessary elements to obtain a good success rate. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Infections: Antimicrobial Treatment and Prevention of Complications in Head and Neck)
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11 pages, 2247 KiB  
Article
Photodynamic Therapy by Mean of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid for the Management of Periodontitis and Peri-Implantitis: A Retrospective Analysis of 20 Patients
by Roberto Rossi, Lorena Rispoli, Michele Antonio Lopez, Andrea Netti, Morena Petrini and Adriano Piattelli
Antibiotics 2022, 11(9), 1267; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11091267 - 18 Sep 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2641
Abstract
Periodontitis and peri-implantitis are common in the population worldwide. Periodontal diseases affect approximately 50% of adults, while mucositis affects 80% of patients with implants, turning into peri-implantitis at a rate varying from 28 to 58%. If standardized treatments for all degrees and variety [...] Read more.
Periodontitis and peri-implantitis are common in the population worldwide. Periodontal diseases affect approximately 50% of adults, while mucositis affects 80% of patients with implants, turning into peri-implantitis at a rate varying from 28 to 58%. If standardized treatments for all degrees and variety of periodontal diseases are known and codified, a consensus on the treatment of peri-implantitis still has to be found. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used successfully in the medical field and was recently introduced as supportive therapy in dentistry. This paper reviews the results on 20 patients, 10 affected by periodontal disease (grades II to III) and 10 by peri-implantitis. Application of 5% 5-aminolevulinic acid gel (ALAD), as a support of causal therapy, in periodontal pockets and areas of peri-implantitis favored the maintenance of severely compromised teeth and significantly improved compromised implant conditions. Between baseline and 6 months, all teeth and implants remained functional. All patients confirmed that the scaling and root planning (SRP)+ALAD-PDT was not painful, and all perceived a benefit after the treatment at all timing points. For periodontal patients, a significant decrease in PPD after 3 (p < 0.001) and 6 months after SRP+ALAD-PDT respect baseline values were observed. For the implant patients, the SRP+ALAD-PDT was correlated to a decrease in PPD and BOP, and a slight increase in the number of exposed threads. However, the results were statistically significant only for PPD (p < 0.001). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Infections: Antimicrobial Treatment and Prevention of Complications in Head and Neck)
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8 pages, 1708 KiB  
Article
Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and mec-A Cassette in the Throat of Non-Hospitalized Individuals Randomly Selected in Central Italy
by Luca Scapoli, Annalisa Palmieri, Agnese Pellati, Francesco Carinci, Dorina Lauritano, Claudio Arcuri, Luigi Baggi, Roberto Gatto and Marcella Martinelli
Antibiotics 2022, 11(7), 949; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11070949 - 14 Jul 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1946
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a cause of life-threatening infections that are difficult to treat because of resistance to several antibiotics. Most documented MRSA infections are acquired nosocomially or among community with frequent contact with health facilities. However, an increasing attention to community [...] Read more.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a cause of life-threatening infections that are difficult to treat because of resistance to several antibiotics. Most documented MRSA infections are acquired nosocomially or among community with frequent contact with health facilities. However, an increasing attention to community acquired MRSA strains appears justified. A population of Central Italy was investigated for the presence of S. aureus and for the methicillin-resistance determinant mec-A gene. Exclusion was due to systemic diseases, pathologies or therapies inducing systemic immunosuppression, facial trauma or poor oral hygiene. Throat swabs obtained from 861 randomly selected participants were tested for the presence of DNA sequences of S. aureus and the mec-A gene by real-time PCR. The DNA of S. aureus was detected in 199 specimens (23.1%), while the mec-A gene was detected in 27 samples (3.1%). The prevalence of patients carrying methicillin-resistant strains was higher in younger and older strata. The prevalence of mec-A among S. aureus positive samples was 7.5%. Our data confirm that S. aureus and methicillin-resistant strains are common in the throat of the general population of Central Italy. Although the PCR methods used in this study are different from traditional culture-based approaches, the observed prevalence was consistent to those observed in Italians and other populations. Considering that carriers have a higher risk to develop post surgically life-threatening infections, it is worth evaluating a preventive approach based on rapid PCR screening of incoming patients to reduce the risk of developing health-care-associated infections. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Infections: Antimicrobial Treatment and Prevention of Complications in Head and Neck)
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Review

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15 pages, 2741 KiB  
Review
Transinusal Pathway Removal of an Impacted Third Molar with an Unusual Approach: A Case Report and a Systematic Review of the Literature
by Luan Mavriqi, Felice Lorusso, Gianluca Tartaglia, Francesco Inchingolo and Antonio Scarano
Antibiotics 2022, 11(5), 658; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11050658 - 13 May 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4962
Abstract
Background: The purpose of the present case report was to investigate a very rare ectopic third molar removal by a trans-sinusal approach and report the study findings through a systematic review of the literature on this topic. Case presentation: A 38-year-old female patient [...] Read more.
Background: The purpose of the present case report was to investigate a very rare ectopic third molar removal by a trans-sinusal approach and report the study findings through a systematic review of the literature on this topic. Case presentation: A 38-year-old female patient was visited for pain at the level of the right maxillary region. No relevant medical history was reported. The CBCT tomography assessment revealed an impacted third tooth at the level of the postero-lateral maxilla. Review Methods: An electronic search was performed through Boolean indicators query on Pubmed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library databases. The clinical reports were identified and selected in order to perform a descriptive analysis. The surgical approach concerned a trans-sinusal access to the site for the ectopic tooth removal with a lateral antrostomy. No evident inflammatory alteration was associated to the ectopic tooth and a non-relevant post-operative sequelae was reported at the follow up. Results: A total of 34 scientific papers were retrieved from the database search. Only two cases reported a wait-and-see radiographical follow-up approach, while the most common treatment was surgical removal, also for asymptomatic cases. Conclusion: The third-molar ectopic tooth into the maxillary sinus is an uncommon occurrence that is beast treated by an in-chair intraoral tran-sinusal approach, with a consistent reduction of the invasivity, a mild morbidity and a successful functional outcome. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Infections: Antimicrobial Treatment and Prevention of Complications in Head and Neck)
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Other

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5 pages, 3764 KiB  
Case Report
Surgical Excision of Unusual Sacked Neck and Mediastinum Abscess of Odontogenic Origin
by Andrea Colizza, Giovanni D’Erme, Andrea Ciofalo, Giacomo D’Angeli, Francesca Romana Federici, Carlotta Galli, Marco De Vincentiis and Massimo Galli
Antibiotics 2022, 11(12), 1757; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11121757 - 5 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1722
Abstract
The most common cause of neck infections is odontogenic abscesses that can often be life-threatening and require a surgical drain associated with antibiotic therapy. We present a case of the surgical management of an odontogenic sack-shaped and walled abscess arising from elements 3.6, [...] Read more.
The most common cause of neck infections is odontogenic abscesses that can often be life-threatening and require a surgical drain associated with antibiotic therapy. We present a case of the surgical management of an odontogenic sack-shaped and walled abscess arising from elements 3.6, 3.7 and 3.8 that reached the laterocervical spaces and anterior mediastinum in a 28-year-old healthy woman. Typical signs and symptoms of cervical complications of dental origin are fever, a neck mass, lymphadenopathy, trismus and odynophagia. The gold standard treatment in these situations is a multidisciplinary approach involving an oral surgeon, ENT specialist and thoracic surgeon to drain the infected material. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first described case report of a dental abscess enclosed in a sack in the deep space of the neck and in the anterior space of the mediastinum. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Infections: Antimicrobial Treatment and Prevention of Complications in Head and Neck)
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10 pages, 1274 KiB  
Case Report
Actinomyces sp. Presence in the Bone Specimens of Patients with Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: The Histopathological Analysis and Clinical Implication
by Norliwati Ibrahim, Nurul Inaas Mahamad Apandi, Syafiqah Aina Shuhardi and Roszalina Ramli
Antibiotics 2022, 11(8), 1067; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11081067 - 5 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2183
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) and osteoradionecrosis (ORN) are two similar bone pathologies in the jaw with different aetiologies. Actinomycosis is a relatively rare oral infection caused by the Gram-positive anaerobe Actinomyces sp. that normally colonizes the oral cavity. Actinomycosis is associated [...] Read more.
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) and osteoradionecrosis (ORN) are two similar bone pathologies in the jaw with different aetiologies. Actinomycosis is a relatively rare oral infection caused by the Gram-positive anaerobe Actinomyces sp. that normally colonizes the oral cavity. Actinomycosis is associated with the pathogenesis of both the MRONJ and ORN, as evident in our cases, and not just as a superficial contaminant. The clinical and histopathological aspects of the cases treated in our centre were also reported with a review of the literature. Clinical implication on the treatment of the cases was highlighted in view of the presence of this microorganism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Infections: Antimicrobial Treatment and Prevention of Complications in Head and Neck)
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8 pages, 2404 KiB  
Case Report
Chronic Osteomyelitis of the Jaw: Pivotal Role of Microbiological Investigation and Multidisciplinary Management—A Case Report
by Quentin Lucidarme, Delphine Lebrun, Véronique Vernet-Garnier, Joey Le Gall, Saïdou Diallo, Cédric Mauprivez and Stéphane Derruau
Antibiotics 2022, 11(5), 568; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11050568 - 24 Apr 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 14542
Abstract
A 15-year-old girl with a history of recurrent painful orofacial swelling was diagnosed on the basis of clinical findings, histopathological examination and imaging modalities as having primary chronic osteomyelitis of the jaw. Initial microbiological samples were performed but were inconclusive. She received multiple [...] Read more.
A 15-year-old girl with a history of recurrent painful orofacial swelling was diagnosed on the basis of clinical findings, histopathological examination and imaging modalities as having primary chronic osteomyelitis of the jaw. Initial microbiological samples were performed but were inconclusive. She received multiple empirical antibiotic therapies and NSAIDs for 3 years without complete remission. Only MALDI-TOF (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization–Time Of Flight) analysis after additional multiple microbiological bone samples with adequate techniques yielded the final diagnosis of bacterial chronic osteomyelitis of the jaw. Its management requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving oral and maxillofacial surgeons, infectiologists and microbiologists, to limit treatment failure. Antibiotic therapy without surgery for 6 months achieved the complete radiographic resolution of the CBCT (Cone Beam Computed Tomography) and the normalization of laboratory tests. After 2 years of follow-up, no relapse had been reported. Modern microbiological investigation and sampling techniques are critical for the accurate diagnosis and management of osteomyelitis of the jaw, especially in unusual and clinically misleading forms of this infection. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Infections: Antimicrobial Treatment and Prevention of Complications in Head and Neck)
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