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Antibiotics
Special Issues
Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties of Biomaterial
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Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties of Biomaterial

A special issue of Antibiotics (ISSN 2079-6382). This special issue belongs to the section "Antibiofilm Strategies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2026 | Viewed by 5874

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ziba Najmi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
Interests: tissue regeneration; biomaterials evaluation; antibacterial evaluation; antibiotics
Dr. Alessandro Calogero Scalia

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Health Sciences, Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases-CAAD, Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
Interests: tissue regeneration; biomaterials evaluation; antibacterial evaluation; natural antimicrobial components

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biofilm-associated infections are among the most common complications in medical applications, caused by various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, such as Staphylococci, Streptococci, Enterococci, Bacilli, and anaerobes. The primary concern of biofilm formation on medical device surfaces is an increase in antibiotic resistance due to horizontal gene transfer, the presence of dormant bacterial cells, and the extracellular matrix protecting the bacterial biofilm against prescribed antibiotics. To address this, many researchers have focused on modifying and functionalizing biomaterial surfaces and doping them with antibacterial agents to either hinder the bacterial adherence and prevent biofilm formation from the initial step or to have a bactericidal effect, enabling the killing of bacteria after attachment to surfaces. This Special Issue aims to bring together valuable research on modifications on biomaterial surface characteristics, both physiochemical and biological, to reduce bacterial adherence and biofilm formation. Manuscripts concerning the following subjects are welcome:

  • Physicochemical modification of biomaterial surfaces;
  • Coating with nanoparticles and antimicrobial agents;
  • Coating with naturally derived components, such as antimicrobial peptides, essential oils, and probiotics;
  • New techniques to evaluate biofilm formation and eradication on biomaterial surfaces;
  • Impact of biomaterial modifications on biofilm formation mechanisms.

Dr. Ziba Najmi
Dr. Alessandro Calogero Scalia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibiotics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomaterials surfaces
  • coating
  • biofilm formation
  • biofilm eradication

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 1159 KB  
Article
Microbiological and Clinical Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Chemical Desiccant Agent in Non-Surgical Periodontal Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
by Alessia Pardo, Gabriele Brancato, Annarita Signoriello, Elena Messina, Giovanni Corrocher, Valentina Bellopede, Gloria Burlacchini, Caterina Signoretto and Giorgio Lombardo
Antibiotics 2025, 14(10), 1050; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14101050 - 20 Oct 2025
Viewed by 634
Abstract
Background: This randomized clinical trial compared the effects of topical irrigation with a desiccant agent (HybenX Oral Tissue Decontaminant, HBX) combined with full-mouth ultrasonic debridement as well as scaling and root planing (FMUD-SRP) versus conventional non-surgical periodontal therapy (US-SRP). Methods: Three quadrants [...] Read more.
Background: This randomized clinical trial compared the effects of topical irrigation with a desiccant agent (HybenX Oral Tissue Decontaminant, HBX) combined with full-mouth ultrasonic debridement as well as scaling and root planing (FMUD-SRP) versus conventional non-surgical periodontal therapy (US-SRP). Methods: Three quadrants per patient with probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 5 mm were randomly assigned to (i) the control group (US-SRP only), (ii) test group 1 (HBX + US-SRP at baseline, HBX 1T (one time)), or (ii) test group 2 (HBX + US-SRP across three sessions, HBX 3T (three times)). Clinical parameters included probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BOP), plaque index (PI), gingival recession (REC), and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), recorded at baseline (Tbase), 45 days (T45d), and 90 days (T90d). Microbiological sampling was conducted for all sites at Tbase, T45d, and T90d to assess periodontal pathogens. HBX-treated sites received gel application for 60 s, followed by a saline rinse and US-SRP. Results: Significant differences were found between groups in PPD (p = 0.04) and CAL (p = 0.02) at T45d versus Tbase, while BOP, PI, and REC showed no significant inter-group differences at T45d. The HBX 3T group demonstrated greater pathogen reduction compared to the control and HBX 1T groups, except for one bacterial species. Conclusions: All treatments improved clinical and microbiological parameters. Even if single and triple applications of HBX showed similar clinical results, the repeated application achieved greater bacterial reduction. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties of Biomaterial)
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Review

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33 pages, 4268 KB  
Review
Targeting Bacterial Biofilms on Medical Implants: Current and Emerging Approaches
by Alessandro Calogero Scalia and Ziba Najmi
Antibiotics 2025, 14(8), 802; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics14080802 - 6 Aug 2025
Viewed by 4722
Abstract
Biofilms are structured communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular matrix, and they represent one of the most widespread forms of microbial life on Earth. Their presence poses serious challenges in both environmental and clinical settings. In natural and industrial systems, biofilms [...] Read more.
Biofilms are structured communities of microorganisms encased in a self-produced extracellular matrix, and they represent one of the most widespread forms of microbial life on Earth. Their presence poses serious challenges in both environmental and clinical settings. In natural and industrial systems, biofilms contribute to water contamination, pipeline corrosion, and biofouling. Clinically, biofilm-associated infections are responsible for approximately 80% of all microbial infections, including endocarditis, osteomyelitis, cystic fibrosis, and chronic sinusitis. A particularly critical concern is their colonization of medical devices, where biofilms can lead to chronic infections, implant failure, and increased mortality. Implantable devices, such as orthopedic implants, cardiac pacemakers, cochlear implants, urinary catheters, and hernia meshes, are highly susceptible to microbial attachment and biofilm development. These infections are often recalcitrant to conventional antibiotics and frequently necessitate surgical revision. In the United States, over 500,000 biofilm-related implant infections occur annually, with prosthetic joint infections alone projected to incur revision surgery costs exceeding USD 500 million per year—a figure expected to rise to USD 1.62 billion by 2030. To address these challenges, surface modification of medical devices has emerged as a promising strategy to prevent bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation. This review focuses on recent advances in chemical surface functionalization using non-antibiotic agents, such as enzymes, chelating agents, quorum sensing quenching factors, biosurfactants, oxidizing compounds and nanoparticles, designed to enhance antifouling and mature biofilm eradication properties. These approaches aim not only to prevent device-associated infections but also to reduce dependence on antibiotics and mitigate the development of antimicrobial resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Properties of Biomaterial)
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