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Animals
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Exploring the Mechanism of Animal Disease: New Diagnostic Methods
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Exploring the Mechanism of Animal Disease: New Diagnostic Methods

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2022) | Viewed by 12127

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Olga Szaluś-Jordanow

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Small Animal Diseases with Clinic, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences–SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: infectious diseases of dogs and cats; echocardiography of dogs and cats; ultrasound examination of the lungs

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advances in companion animal veterinary medicine in recent years have been tremendous. This applies to the knowledge of pathogenesis mechanisms for infectious diseases, aspects of their diagnosis, and treatment options. The use of old diagnostic methods in newly emerging schemes—new methods using advanced molecular biology techniques—contributes to a better understanding of infectious diseases and their faster treatment. It often leads to the successful treatment of dogs and cats.

This Special Issue includes original research papers and case reports focused on, but not limited to, pathogenesis mechanisms, diagnostics methods, and effects of the treatment of infectious diseases.

Dr. Olga Szaluś-Jordanow
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • molecular biology
  • pathogenesis
  • treatment
  • infectious diseases

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 6717 KiB  
Article
Integrated Basic Heart and Lung Ultrasound Examination for the Differentiation between Bacterial Pneumonia and Lung Neoplasm in Dogs—A New Diagnostic Algorithm
by Andrzej Łobaczewski, Michał Czopowicz, Agata Moroz, Marcin Mickiewicz, Rafał Sapierzyński, Sylwia Tarka, Tadeusz Frymus, Wojciech Mądry, Michał Buczyński and Olga Szaluś-Jordanow
Animals 2022, 12(9), 1154; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12091154 - 29 Apr 2022
Viewed by 3551
Abstract
The diagnostics of two of the most prevalent lung diseases in dogs, bacterial pneumonia (BP) and lung neoplasm (LN), are challenging as their clinical signs are identical and may also occur in extrapulmonary diseases. This study aims to identify ultrasonographic criteria and develop [...] Read more.
The diagnostics of two of the most prevalent lung diseases in dogs, bacterial pneumonia (BP) and lung neoplasm (LN), are challenging as their clinical signs are identical and may also occur in extrapulmonary diseases. This study aims to identify ultrasonographic criteria and develop a lung ultrasound (LUS)-based diagnostic algorithm which could help distinguish between these two conditions. The study is carried out in 66 dyspneic dogs in which a heart disease was excluded using echocardiography. Based on imaging and laboratory diagnostic tests, as well as follow-up, the dogs are classified into LN (35 dogs) and BP (31 dogs) groups. LUS is performed at admission and the presence of seven lung abnormalities (pleural thickening, B-lines, subpleural consolidations, hepatization with or without aeration, nodule sign and mass classified together as a tumor, and free pleural fluid) and classification and regression trees are used to develop an LUS-based diagnostic algorithm. Distribution of all LUS abnormalities except for aerations differs significantly between groups; however, their individual differentiating potential is rather low. Therefore, we combine them in an algorithm which allows for definitive classification of 60 dogs (91%) (32 with LN and 28 with BP) with correct diagnosis of LN and BP in 31 dogs and 27 dogs, respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploring the Mechanism of Animal Disease: New Diagnostic Methods)
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10 pages, 916 KiB  
Article
Virulence Genes as Markers for Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Formation in Dogs and Cats
by Daria Płókarz, Michał Czopowicz, Karolina Bierowiec and Krzysztof Rypuła
Animals 2022, 12(4), 422; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani12040422 - 10 Feb 2022
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3960
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an ubiquitous bacterium and opportunistic pathogen that plays an important role in nosocomial infections. The presence of virulence factors and the biofilm-forming ability of this species contributes to a high risk of treatment complications. In this study, we examined the [...] Read more.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an ubiquitous bacterium and opportunistic pathogen that plays an important role in nosocomial infections. The presence of virulence factors and the biofilm-forming ability of this species contributes to a high risk of treatment complications. In this study, we examined the biofilm-forming ability and the prevalence of five virulence factor genes (pslA, pelA, ppyR, fliC, and nan1) in 271 P. aeruginosa isolates (212 from dogs and 59 from cats). Biofilm-forming ability was detected in 90.6% of isolates in dogs and 86.4% of isolates in cats. In P. aeruginosa isolates from both species, the most prevalent virulence factor gene was ppyR (97.2% in dogs and 98.3% in cats), followed by pslA (60.8% and 57.6%), fliC (60.4% and 69.5%), nan1 (45.3% and 44.1%), and pelA (40.1% and 33.9%, respectively). In dogs, a significantly higher proportion of biofilm-forming P. aeruginosa strains possessed the fliC gene compared to non-biofilm-forming strains (p = 0.015). In cats, a significantly lower proportion of biofilm-forming strains had the nan1 gene compared to non-biofilm-forming strains (p = 0.017). In conclusion, the presence of fliC gene and the absence of nan1 gene could be indicators of biofilm-forming ability of P. aeruginosa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploring the Mechanism of Animal Disease: New Diagnostic Methods)
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14 pages, 5726 KiB  
Article
Focused Cardiac Ultrasound Examination as a Tool for Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis and Myocarditis in Dogs and Cats
by Olga Szaluś-Jordanow, Marta Stabińska-Smolarz, Michał Czopowicz, Agata Moroz, Marcin Mickiewicz, Andrzej Łobaczewski, Dorota Chrobak-Chmiel, Magdalena Kizerwetter-Świda, Magdalena Rzewuska, Rafał Sapierzyński, Michał Grzegorczyk, Anna Świerk and Tadeusz Frymus
Animals 2021, 11(11), 3162; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11113162 - 5 Nov 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3985
Abstract
Symptoms of infective endocarditis (IE) and myocarditis are usually nonspecific and include fever, apathy, and loss of appetite. This condition can lead to severe heart failure with ascites or/and fluid in the thoracic cavity or/and in the pericardial sac. We describe infective endocarditis [...] Read more.
Symptoms of infective endocarditis (IE) and myocarditis are usually nonspecific and include fever, apathy, and loss of appetite. This condition can lead to severe heart failure with ascites or/and fluid in the thoracic cavity or/and in the pericardial sac. We describe infective endocarditis and myocarditis in 3 dogs and 4 cats. In all animals, the initial diagnosis was performed on the basis of a focused cardiac ultrasound examination performed by a general practitioner after a training in this technique. The initial findings were confirmed by a board-certified specialist in veterinary cardiology. Post mortem positive microbiological results from valves were obtained in 4 of 7 patients. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was confirmed in 2 cases and Staphylococcus epidermidis was confirmed in 2 cases, one of which included Enterococcus sp. coinfection. Histopathological examination confirmed initial diagnosis in 5 of 7 animals. In the remaining 2 patients, the time elapsed from the onset of clinical symptoms to death was about 1 month and no active inflammation but massive fibrosis was found microscopically. This is, to our best knowledge, the first report of IE and myocarditis diagnosed in small animals using focused cardiac ultrasound examination. Therefore, we conclude that common usage of this technique by trained general veterinarians may increase the rate of diagnosed patients with these conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exploring the Mechanism of Animal Disease: New Diagnostic Methods)
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