Advancing Meat Quality Through Genetic and Nutritional Insights

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Products".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 September 2026 | Viewed by 2988

Editors


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Guest Editor
Meat Science and Muscle Biology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
Interests: meat science; meat quality; animal growth and development; muscle biology; animal science
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
White Sand Research Unit, Mississippi State University, Poplarville, MS 39470, USA
Interests: beef production; beef nutrition; heat stress; management; precision technology

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Guest Editor
Animal & Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
Interests: quantitative genetics; animal breeding

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Meat quality is a multifactorial trait governed by the interaction of genetic, nutritional, and environmental factors, which collectively determine muscle phenotypes at the moment of harvest and drive the biochemical, structural, and physicochemical transformations that occur during the conversion of muscle into meat. Advances in molecular and quantitative genetics have facilitated the identification of critical loci, gene networks, and regulatory mechanisms that govern muscle-specific traits, providing insights for genomic selection and precision breeding strategies to improve meat quality. At the same time, the interaction between production efficiency and quality traits highlights the need for integrative approaches that combine genetic, physiological, and nutritional perspectives to optimize both performance and the structural, biochemical, and sensory attributes of meat. Nutrition offers important dynamic opportunities to influence meat quality by modulating muscle growth and development, energy metabolism, and carcass composition. Beyond meeting basic requirements for growth, dietary strategies can optimize energy mobilization, lipid profiles, and antioxidant capacity, thereby shaping visual and sensory properties of meat. Functional feeds, such as fatty acid supplementation, plant-derived bioactives, and antioxidant compounds, have been explored for their potential to improve product quality and sustainability. This highlights the role of nutrition not only as a management strategy but also as a driver of biochemical pathways critical to meat quality outcomes. 

This Special Issue, "Advancing Meat Quality Through Genetic and Nutritional Insights", explores how genetic and nutritional insights can advance mechanistic understanding and drive practical innovation in meat quality. By integrating molecular biology, metabolism, and applied production strategies, this Issue aims to enhance product consistency, consumer satisfaction, and the long-term resilience of animal agriculture.

Dr. Mariane Beline
Dr. Barbara Roqueto dos Reis
Dr. Sabrina Amorim
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • animal genomics
  • carcass composition
  • fetal programming
  • meat quality
  • muscle energy metabolism
  • nutrition strategies
  • selection strategies
  • sustainability

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 256 KB  
Article
Valorisation of Rabbit Biodiversity for Meat Production: Live Performance, Carcass Traits, Meat Quality and Muscle Fibre Characteristics of Different Rabbit Genotypes
by Antonella Dalle Zotte, Cecilia Mugnai, Bianca Palumbo and Marco Cullere
Animals 2026, 16(6), 937; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16060937 - 17 Mar 2026
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Abstract
Valorisation of rabbit biodiversity plays a significant role in enhancing production by preserving genetic diversity, which is crucial for maintaining adaptability and resilience in rabbit populations, thereby supporting sustainable development and conservation efforts. With this in mind, the present research aimed at comparing [...] Read more.
Valorisation of rabbit biodiversity plays a significant role in enhancing production by preserving genetic diversity, which is crucial for maintaining adaptability and resilience in rabbit populations, thereby supporting sustainable development and conservation efforts. With this in mind, the present research aimed at comparing live performance, carcass traits, meat quality and muscle fibre characteristics of different rabbit genotypes. Forty-five weaned rabbits (15 commercial hybrids—C; 15 Burgundy Fawn crosses—BF; 15 Vienna Blue crosses—VB) were farmed until slaughter (n = 15 replicated cages/rabbit genotype). The slaughter age was scheduled when all genotypes reached the same live weight (approx. 2800 g). After slaughtering and carcass dissection, the hind legs and longissimus lumborum muscles were excised and subjected to different evaluations. Hind legs were exploited for physicochemical analyses, while longissimus lumborum muscles were used for physical evaluations and for fibre typing, morphometric traits and enzymatic activity. As a direct response to the experimental design, results highlighted that the three genotypes exhibited different slaughter ages. Commercial hybrids displayed the fastest growth cycle, but they showed an efficiency comparable to that of VB crosses (p > 0.05). Genotypes displayed some differences in carcass characteristics, namely perirenal fat (p < 0.01) and hind leg weight (p < 0.05). The physical characteristics of meat were overall similar in the three genotypes, except for biceps femoris L*, which showed the highest value in the BF group. Meat chemical composition differed depending on the genotype, with BF rabbits having the highest ether extract (p < 0.05) content. The three genotypes displayed an overall similar fatty acid profile with some minor differences: VB rabbits had the highest C18:2 n-6 proportion (p < 0.01) and thus n-6/n-3 (p < 0.05). Cholesterol content was the highest in C rabbits (p < 0.05). Overall, the present research highlighted that BF and VB genotypes provided interesting potentialities which would be further valorised in rural farming conditions, given their higher resilience and adaptability than commercial hybrids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Meat Quality Through Genetic and Nutritional Insights)
13 pages, 290 KB  
Article
Poor Maternal Diet During Gestation Alters Offspring Muscle Morphometrics, Collagen Gene Expression, and Meat Tenderness in Sheep
by Mia Y. Kawaida, Amanda S. Reiter, Nicole M. Tillquist, Brandon I. Smith, Daniela A. Alambarrio, John M. Gonzalez, Stephanie N. Royko, Michela A. Brown, Shawn R. Re, Kristen E. Govoni, Steven A. Zinn and Sarah A. Reed
Animals 2026, 16(3), 486; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16030486 - 4 Feb 2026
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Abstract
We hypothesized that maternal overfeeding and restricted feeding during gestation would alter the collagen content, muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA), and meat tenderness in offspring. Pregnant ewes were fed 100% (CON), 60% (RES), or 140% (OVER) of their requirements from day 30 of [...] Read more.
We hypothesized that maternal overfeeding and restricted feeding during gestation would alter the collagen content, muscle fiber cross-sectional area (CSA), and meat tenderness in offspring. Pregnant ewes were fed 100% (CON), 60% (RES), or 140% (OVER) of their requirements from day 30 of gestation until parturition. Male offspring were necropsied at 282 ± 1.8 days of age. Gene expression and CSA were quantified in the longissimus (LM) and semitendinosus (STN) muscles. The Warner–Bratzler shear force (WBSF) was quantified in LM. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, with diet as a fixed effect. Differences were considered significant at p ≤ 0.05 or a tendency at p ≤ 0.10. Semitendinosus CSA was smaller in OVER and RES than CON rams (p = 0.02). Longissimus CSA was larger in RES than OVER and CON rams (p = 0.002). OVER LM had reduced WBSF compared with CON rams (p = 0.03). Myogenic genes bone morphogenic protein 1 (BMP1) and paired box 7 were greater in RES LM than OVER (p ≤ 0.02). Maternal diet altered the fibrogenic genes fibronectin 1 (p = 0.07), lysyl oxidase (p = 0.07), and collagen 1A1 (COL1A1; p = 0.08) in the LM and COL1A1, COL3A1, and BMP1 (p ≤ 0.09) in the STN. Poor maternal diet during gestation alters muscle and meat characteristics that may impact meat quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Meat Quality Through Genetic and Nutritional Insights)

Review

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24 pages, 801 KB  
Review
A Hypothesis-Based Framework for Chicken Meat Palatability: Proposing Indirect Roles of Arachidonic Acid and Lipid Oxidation
by Hideaki Takahashi
Animals 2026, 16(12), 1844; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16121844 - 15 Jun 2026
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Abstract
Chicken meat palatability is shaped by what the meat contains (e.g., intramuscular fat and fatty-acid composition), what happens to those components during storage and cooking (including oxidation and transfer into soups or meat juices), and how tastebud signaling integrates the resulting stimuli. Chicken [...] Read more.
Chicken meat palatability is shaped by what the meat contains (e.g., intramuscular fat and fatty-acid composition), what happens to those components during storage and cooking (including oxidation and transfer into soups or meat juices), and how tastebud signaling integrates the resulting stimuli. Chicken sold in Japan as “Jidori” (premium native-line products) is often described as having a richer flavor that lingers longer than that of standard broiler chicken, and published poultry work, including reports by the author and their colleagues, has linked this phenotype to higher arachidonic acid (AA) levels in the meat; however, the mechanistic basis remains under debate and has not been overturned. In addition, intact AA is a highly hydrophobic long-chain fatty acid that partitions poorly into aqueous phases, making a direct “AA-as-tastant” mechanism unlikely. This review develops a hierarchical interpretation that separates food-level associations from tastebud mechanisms and reframes AA as a primarily downstream lipid substrate. Two complementary routes are proposed: (i) a food-chemistry route in which cooking and storage oxidation generate low-molecular-weight, water-accessible lipid-oxidation products that partition into soups, meat juices, and cooking loss, and (ii) a receptor-centered route in which kokumi-related signaling pathways, particularly those involving the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), amplify taste intensity, continuity, and aftertaste within tastebuds. This framework emphasizes how these routes can be linked experimentally by combining matrix/phase manipulations with targeted carbonyl profiling, fractionation–reconstitution, and pathway-perturbation assays in tastebud readouts. Overall, the model is intended to support mechanism-focused study designs beyond single-compound explanations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advancing Meat Quality Through Genetic and Nutritional Insights)
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