Advances in Body Condition, Fitness and Cognition in Dogs

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Companion Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 2239

Editor


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Guest Editor
School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Rd., Auburn, AL 36849, USA
Interests: canine; fitness; obesity; physical activity; cognition
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cognitive processes include memory, attention, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, and problem solving, and these encompass what is termed executive function. These processes allow a dog to navigate the human home in which they live and excel at activities such as sports, therapy work, service work, and working dog activities. Factors such as exercise/physical fitness (Bray et al., 2023 [1]; Yarborough et al., 2022 [2]; Mondino et al., 2023 [3]), body condition/obesity, and training (Chapagain et al., 2017, 2020 [4,5]; Marshall-Pescini et al., 2008, 2016 [6,7]; Range et al., 2009 [8], Foraita et al., 2021 [9]) may contribute to executive function in dogs, but the number of studies on this topic are limited. Therefore, better understanding the factors that contribute to executive function in dogs is critical for understanding how to improve their lives and health.

To address this gap, this Special Issue aims to gather original research, reviews, and short communications that advance our understanding of the interplay between body condition, fitness, and cognition in dogs. We welcome submissions focusing on, but not limited to, the following topics:

  • Mechanistic links between canine body condition (e.g., obesity, underweight, ideal body score) and cognitive processes (memory, attention, inhibitory control, problem solving).
  • Effects of different types, intensities, and durations of physical fitness interventions (e.g., endurance exercise, agility training, daily activity) on canine executive function.
  • Interactions between training paradigms (e.g., positive reinforcement, clicker training, working dog task training) and physical fitness/body condition in shaping dog cognition.
  • Age-related variations in the relationship between body condition, fitness, and cognitive decline or maintenance in dogs.
  • Development and validation of assessment tools for evaluating the integrated effects of body condition and fitness on canine cognitive function.
  • Nutritional influences on both body condition regulation and cognitive performance, and their combined impact on dog health and behavior.
  • Comparative studies on body condition–fitness–cognition dynamics across different dog breeds, sizes, or lifestyle contexts (e.g., companion dogs, working dogs, sports dogs).
  • Translational research exploring how optimizing body condition and fitness can enhance cognitive outcomes in clinical or practical settings (e.g., therapy dogs, service dogs, senior dogs).

References

[1] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36129565/#:~:text=Physical%20activity%20was%20robustly

[2] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-15837-9#:~:text=Yarborough,%20S.,%20Fitzpatrick,%20A.

[3] https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/veterinary-science/articles/10.3389/fvets.2023.1151266/full

[4] https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/aging-neuroscience/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2017.00100/full

[5] https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0238517

[6] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18434043/#:~:text=Abstract.%20This%20study%20investigates%20the

[7] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10071-016-0960-y

[8] https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0810957105#:~:text=We%20found%20differences%20in%20dogs%20tested

[9] https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10071-021-01489-1

Dr. Heidi A. Kluess
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • cognition
  • executive function
  • body condition
  • fitness
  • physical activity
  • canine

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 584 KB  
Article
Does Nose Work Training Affect Dog Executive Function and Physical Fitness in Humans and Dogs?
by Heidi A. Kluess and Alexandra Hackett Neff
Animals 2026, 16(3), 453; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani16030453 - 1 Feb 2026
Viewed by 1804
Abstract
Among domesticated animals, dogs are physically and behaviorally diverse. While centuries of breeding for specific traits accounts for many of these differences, myriad factors influence variation in cognitive and physical abilities among individual dogs. Here, we investigate whether training for nose work-type sports [...] Read more.
Among domesticated animals, dogs are physically and behaviorally diverse. While centuries of breeding for specific traits accounts for many of these differences, myriad factors influence variation in cognitive and physical abilities among individual dogs. Here, we investigate whether training for nose work-type sports affects dog executive function and physical fitness in both dogs and their human companions. Given the demands of such training, we hypothesized that dogs and people who participate in nose work would have higher physical fitness, and the dogs would have advanced executive function compared to those that do not do the sport. Twenty-six dogs and seventeen human companions were recruited for this pilot study. Humans completed a questionnaire that included the Dog Executive Function Scale, information about dog training, and a 7-day physical activity recall. Humans and dogs performed a battery of fitness tests, and dogs completed two cognitive tests. We found that fitness scores did not differ between groups (nose work/non-nose work) in dogs or people, and nose work training associated with higher reported dog executive function scores. Notably, more formal nose work training was associated with less “giving up” in an unsolvable task, implying that training quality may impact task persistence in dogs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Body Condition, Fitness and Cognition in Dogs)
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