Changes in the Quality of Different Plant Products under Different Growing Conditions

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Agricultural Product Quality and Safety".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2021) | Viewed by 13226

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Élelmiszertudományi és Környezetgazdálkodási Kar, Debreceni Egyetem Mezőgazdaság, Debrecen, Hungary
Interests: agrochemistry; quality control and quality determination; food and feed analytics; food safety and quality assurance

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Bio Forschung Austria, 1220 Vienna, Austria
Interests: trace elements (heavy metals, platinum metals, rare earths); phosphorus; iodine—occurrence and analysis; environmental mobility and speciation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, there have been many changes in world agriculture, including crop production in particular. These changes include the development of cultivation technologies, use of fertilizers, pesticides, new machinery, methods of soil tillage and the cultivation of new varieties/hybrids. Meanwhile, new challenges have emerged in terms of the quality of plant products as a result of changing consumer expectations, from the processing industry and the field of related sciences (in human nutrition). In addition, quality testing methods have changed as an increasing number of instruments are introduced in the analytical process.

As a consequence, today, instead of atomic absorption instruments, element content is measured by ICP while a multitude of rheological analyses are used to classify winter wheat and flours. The use of HPLC measurement techniques in the study of biologically active compounds has become common as well. During these processes, we need to address the issues of how the parameterized quality of products changes in the transforming crop production. Meanwhile, we also need to provide data on the changes in quality that result from an increase in average temperature and the CO2 content of the air. The results of agronomic and climate-related term effects will also contribute to science with new results.

I cordially invite you to share the most important achievements of your research work with readers.

Dr. Zoltán Györi
Dr. Manfred Sager
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • plant products
  • quality
  • mineral content
  • essential and non-essential elements
  • baking quality
  • nutritional constituents
  • food and feed safety
  • maize
  • cereals
  • pseudocereals
  • legumes
  • grasses
  • potatoes
  • growing conditions

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 601 KiB  
Article
Microbiological and Toxicological Evaluation of Fermented Forages
by Cintia Adácsi, Szilvia Kovács, István Pócsi, Zoltán Győri, Zsuzsanna Dombrádi and Tünde Pusztahelyi
Agriculture 2022, 12(3), 421; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12030421 - 16 Mar 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2582
Abstract
Several feed preservation methods can ensure lower mycotoxin contamination levels enter the food life cycle, and a relatively common wet preservation method of forage plant materials is fermentation. This study aimed to characterize the microbiological state and mycotoxin contamination of fermented silages and [...] Read more.
Several feed preservation methods can ensure lower mycotoxin contamination levels enter the food life cycle, and a relatively common wet preservation method of forage plant materials is fermentation. This study aimed to characterize the microbiological state and mycotoxin contamination of fermented silages and haylages (corn, alfalfa, rye, and triticale), their main microbiota, and isolation of bacteria with mycotoxin resistance. Bacteria that remain viable throughout the fermentation process and possess high mycotoxin resistance can have a biotechnological benefit. Lactic acid bacteria, primarily found in corn silage, were Lactiplantibacillus plantarum isolates. Meanwhile, a high percentage of alfalfa silage and haylage was characterized by Lactiplantibacillus pentosus. In rye silage and haylage samples, Pediococci were the typical bacteria. Bacterial isolates were characterized by deoxynivalenol and zearalenon resistance. Some of them were sensitive to aflatoxin B1, while ochratoxin A caused 33–86% growth inhibition of the cultures. The mycotoxin resistant organisms are under further research, aiming for mycotoxin elimination in feed. Full article
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12 pages, 894 KiB  
Article
The Combined Effect of Nitrogen Treatment and Weather Conditions on Wheat Protein-Starch Interaction and Dough Quality
by Indrek Keres, Maarika Alaru, Reine Koppel, Illimar Altosaar, Tiina Tosens and Evelin Loit
Agriculture 2021, 11(12), 1232; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11121232 - 7 Dec 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2904
Abstract
The objective of this field crop study was to compare the effect of organic (cattle manure, off-season cover crop) and mineral N (NH4NO3; 0, 50, 100° 150 kg N ha−1) fertilizers on (i) gluten-starch interaction, and (ii) [...] Read more.
The objective of this field crop study was to compare the effect of organic (cattle manure, off-season cover crop) and mineral N (NH4NO3; 0, 50, 100° 150 kg N ha−1) fertilizers on (i) gluten-starch interaction, and (ii) rheological properties of winter wheat dough. Data were collected from the long-term field experiment located in the Baltic Sea region (58°22′ N, 26°40′ E) in years 2013–2017. The amount of minuppueral N 150 kg ha−1 applied in two parts before flowering ensured higher gluten content (31 ± 3.3%) and dough quality (81 ± 7.4 mm) due to more positive interactions between gluten proteins and starch granules. The quality of dough was more variable in organic treatments (ranged up to 33%) because the availability of organic N was more variable and sensitivity to the weather conditions was higher. The mean variability of different dough properties over trial years under organic treatments was 1.4–2.0 times higher than in the treatment with 150 kg N ha−1. Full article
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18 pages, 5214 KiB  
Article
Production Efficiency and Total Protein Yield in Quinoa Grown under Water Stress
by Antonio A. Pinto, Susana Fischer, Rosemarie Wilckens, Luis Bustamante and Marisol T. Berti
Agriculture 2021, 11(11), 1089; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11111089 - 3 Nov 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2328
Abstract
The increasing water scarcity affects the agricultural sector, and it is a significant constraining factor for crop production in many areas of the world. Water resource management and use related to crop productivity is the most important factor in many crops. Since consumer [...] Read more.
The increasing water scarcity affects the agricultural sector, and it is a significant constraining factor for crop production in many areas of the world. Water resource management and use related to crop productivity is the most important factor in many crops. Since consumer demands healthy food, the nutritive quality and the active ingredient need to be considered within the productive issue. The objective of this study was to determine water technical efficiency related to seed yield and seed protein content and composition in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) under water stress using data envelopment analysis (DEA). The study was conducted in Chillan, Chile in two growing seasons. As water availability increased, seed yield, globulin, and albumin yield increased, particularly in the genotype Cahuil. The higher average efficiency levels for the DEA were 46.7% and 39.2% in Cahuil in both seasons at 20% available water (AW). The highest average efficiency of globulin yield was recorded in the same genotype (Cahuil). The highest multi-product technical efficiency levels in all input and output included in this study were observed in Cahuil, Regalona, and Morado under water scarcity in both seasons. In future studies related to crop management, DEA provides a good framework for estimating efficiency under restricted factors and multi-product results. Full article
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Review

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13 pages, 929 KiB  
Review
Insight into Yeast–Mycotoxin Relations
by László Attila Papp, Enikő Horváth, Ferenc Peles, István Pócsi and Ida Miklós
Agriculture 2021, 11(12), 1291; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11121291 - 19 Dec 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4445
Abstract
Fungal mycotoxins are secondary metabolites that can be present in green forage, hay, or silage. Consumption of contaminated plants or agricultural products can cause various animal and human diseases, which is why problems associated with mycotoxins have received particular attention. In addition, public [...] Read more.
Fungal mycotoxins are secondary metabolites that can be present in green forage, hay, or silage. Consumption of contaminated plants or agricultural products can cause various animal and human diseases, which is why problems associated with mycotoxins have received particular attention. In addition, public pressure to produce healthy food and feed is also increasing. As the results of several surveys indicate that yeasts can decrease toxic effects by binding or converting secondary metabolites or control growth of harmful fungi, this article provides an overview of the yeast species that can have great potential in detoxification. The most important antagonistic yeast species against toxigenic fungi are described and the mode of their inhibitory mechanisms is also discussed. We provide an insight into toxin binding and biotransformation capacities of yeasts and examples of their use in silo. Issues requiring further study are also mentioned. Full article
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