Bioactive Compounds in Fruits, Vegetables, Berries and Leaves: The Role of Growing Conditions and Harvest Timing

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Agricultural Product Quality and Safety".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2025) | Viewed by 687

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Plant Biology and Food Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
Interests: the influence of abiotic and biotic factors upon the safety and quality of plant raw materials; the storage and processing of plant raw materials; organic/biodynamic food; bioactive compounds

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Guest Editor
Department of Plant Biology and Food Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
Interests: plant cultivation in all farming systems, especially the biodynamic agriculture, storage, processing, quality, and safety of food raw materials; biological active compounds in plant raw material as influenced by harvest time, ripening stage, and genotype

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bioactive compounds are an important part of plant metabolism and are known for their potential health benefits, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. These compounds are chiefly derived from food, for instance, fruits, vegetables, berries, leaves, etc. Various factors, including soil composition, climate, cultivation practices, and the developmental stage of the plants at harvest, significantly influence the quantity and quality composition of these beneficial compounds.

The aim of the Special Issue is to elucidate the optimal growing conditions and harvest time that enhances the bioactive compounds content of fruits, vegetables, berries, and leaves. These research areas can contribute valuable insights into optimizing growing conditions and harvest practices to enhance the nutritional value of plant raw materials and health benefits, ultimately contributing to public health and sustainable food production.

The research may explore the impact of different soil properties (nutrient levels, pH), climate conditions (temperature, humidity, sunlight exposure), fertilizer, pesticides, irrigation techniques, genetic factors, and harvest timing on bioactive compound concentrations in fruits, vegetables, berries, and leaves. In addition, papers can compare the levels of bioactive compounds in produce grown under organic and biodynamic versus conventional farming practices and conduct studies to assess how the different year effects the concentration of bioactive compounds in crops due to varying environmental conditions.

Dr. Nijolė Vaitkevičienė
Dr. Dovilė Levickienė
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • plant metabolites
  • antioxidants
  • agricultural practices
  • environment
  • growing conditions
  • harvest timing

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 293 KiB  
Article
Amino Acids as Biostimulants: Effects on Growth, Chlorophyll Content, and Antioxidant Activity in Ocimum basilicum L.
by Justina Deveikytė, Aušra Blinstrubienė and Natalija Burbulis
Agriculture 2025, 15(14), 1496; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15141496 - 11 Jul 2025
Abstract
It is necessary to explore possibilities to increase agricultural production in environmentally friendly ways while maintaining the quality standards of plant raw materials. The effect of amino acids on sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) development may stimulate biomass accumulation and enhance the [...] Read more.
It is necessary to explore possibilities to increase agricultural production in environmentally friendly ways while maintaining the quality standards of plant raw materials. The effect of amino acids on sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) development may stimulate biomass accumulation and enhance the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Investigated varieties “Rosie”, “Red Opal”, “Bordeaux”, “Dark Opal”, “Red Rubin”, “Genovese”, “Cinamon”, “Italiano Classico”, “Marseillais”, and “Thai” were cultivated in a controlled-environment growth chamber and the impact of isoleucine, methionine, glutamine, tryptophan, phenylalanine was studied on biomass accumulation, chlorophyll and phenolic content, and antioxidant activity. Five to six true leaves plants were treated once with an aqueous solution containing 100 mg L−1 of the mentioned amino acids or received no treatment. Our results show that methionine or tryptophan improved the most fresh and dry weight of shoot system of sweet basil plants. Methionine increased chlorophyl a content in 6 of 10 sweet basil varieties, while glutamine had the greatest results in chlorophyl b content. Phenylalanine increased total phenolic content in most treated plants, as well as antioxidant activity. Amino acids may be applied as useful biostimulants in modern agriculture, as they play an important role in ensuring sustainable crop productivity, fostering beneficial plant properties. Full article
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12 pages, 751 KiB  
Article
Effect of Cultivar and Methanol Solvent Concentration on the Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Colored Potatoes Grown in Lithuania
by Nijolė Vaitkevičienė, Jolita Višinskytė, Jūratė Staveckienė, Dovilė Levickienė and Jurgita Kulaitienė
Agriculture 2025, 15(13), 1332; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture15131332 - 20 Jun 2025
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Abstract
Potatoes are a valuable source of diverse bioactive compounds, including phenolics. In recent years, red- and purple-fleshed cultivars have garnered increasing scientific interest due to their higher content of phenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of 60%, [...] Read more.
Potatoes are a valuable source of diverse bioactive compounds, including phenolics. In recent years, red- and purple-fleshed cultivars have garnered increasing scientific interest due to their higher content of phenolic compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of 60%, 80%, and 100% methanol concentrations on the extraction of bioactive phenolic compounds from three red- and purple-fleshed potato cultivars. The qualitative and quantitative composition of phenolic compounds, the total anthocyanin content, as well as antioxidant activity in the prepared potato extracts were investigated. The results showed that the contents of the tested compounds and antioxidant activity in potato tuber methanolic extracts varied depending on the cultivar and methanol concentration. The potato extract obtained by 60% and 80% methanol showed the significantly highest contents of total phenolics (TPs) and total phenolic acids (TPAs). ‘Violet Queen’ extracts with 60% and 80% methanol had the significantly highest contents of TP, TPA, and caffeic acid. The significantly highest contents of p-coumaric acid were observed in ‘Mulberry Beauty’ extracts using 60% and 80% methanol. The significantly highest contents of epicatechin and quercetin were found in ‘Violet Queen’ extracts with 80% methanol, while the highest contents of myricetin, m-coumaric, and o-coumaric acids as well as the highest antioxidant activity were recorded in ‘Violet Queen’ extracts with 60% methanol. Full article
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