Climate-Resilient Production of Peanut: Management Practices and Technologies

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Agricultural Product Quality and Safety".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 February 2024) | Viewed by 3739

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Guest Editor
Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
Interests: soil management practices; soil nutrients; soil carbon; water; nutrient cycling; carbon storage; agroecosystem
Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
Interests: soil fertility; plant nutrition; fertilizers; agriculture; sustainable agriculture; crop production; organic farming; organic agriculture; crop management; crop science
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) are one of the most widely grown legume crops and oilseed crops all over the world, especially in the tropical and subtropical regions. Climate change such as erratic distribution of rainfall and higher frequency of extreme climatic events has posed new challenges to peanut production. Since many studies evaluating production systems for peanuts were performed prior to or during the 1970s and 1980s, peanut cultivars used in those studies are no longer cultivated for production. New cultivars may have different responses to nutrient, irrigation, and environmental factors. It is thus imminent to reevaluate and modify currently adopted management practices and develop new guidelines toward improved peanut productivity under ever-changing climate conditions. 

In this Special Issue, we would like to publish original research and critical reviews regarding the improvement of peanut yield and quality. The topics might include but are not limited to cropping systems agronomy, particularly nutrient and irrigation management, reduction of aflatoxin contamination, novel technologies that reduce the environmental footprint of peanut production (e.g., carbon emission), evaluation of new peanut germplasm with superior performance (better yield, quality, and resistance to pathogens), the interaction of peanut germplasms with environmental factors particularly drought and heat stress. Articles concerned with teaching and extension programs directly involved with or applicable to peanuts are also welcomed.

Dr. Julie A. Howe
Dr. Rui Yang
Dr. Zheng Wang
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • peanut
  • irrigation
  • nutrient
  • environment footprint
  • aflatoxin
  • abiotic stress
  • germplasm

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 5087 KiB  
Article
Effect of Drought and Pluvial Climates on the Production and Stability of Different Types of Peanut Cultivars in Guangdong, China
by Zhijun Xu, Dongsheng An, Lei Xu, Xuejiao Zhang, Qibiao Li and Baoshan Zhao
Agriculture 2023, 13(10), 1965; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13101965 - 8 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1263
Abstract
The production and breeding of peanuts was restricted by the frequently extreme climatic conditions in Guangdong province, China. To understand the influence of drought and pluvial climates on peanut traits and yield, a phenotypic investigation of seventy peanut cultivars was conducted from 2018 [...] Read more.
The production and breeding of peanuts was restricted by the frequently extreme climatic conditions in Guangdong province, China. To understand the influence of drought and pluvial climates on peanut traits and yield, a phenotypic investigation of seventy peanut cultivars was conducted from 2018 to 2022; comprehensive field meteorological data collection, and typical drought (2021) and pluvial (2022) climates were recorded. The results revealed that the cultivars achieved the highest single plant pod weight (SPPW) and single plant seed weight (SPSW) of 61.03 g and 45.84 g, respectively, in drought conditions, followed by the control, and finally the pluvial. The SPPW, SPSW and eight agronomy traits exhibited significant differences across the different climatic conditions. Correlation analysis revealed the yield traits and key yield-related traits were positively or negatively correlated with soil water content (SWC), total global radiation (TGR), total precipitation (TP) and total net radiation (TNR). The intermediate and Spanish type cultivars were more stable and productive than the other botanical types of cultivars, commercial varieties exhibited better performance than landraces, and seven cultivars were identified with good production potential, under drought and pluvial conditions. Our study showed that pluvial climate was detrimental to peanut yield, and the SPPW and SPSW were significantly influenced by climates with genotype differences. Full article
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13 pages, 11882 KiB  
Article
Amelioration of Hypothermia-Induced Damage on Peanut by Exogenous Application of Chitooligosaccharide
by Xinlong Shi, Ziqi Sun, Xian Xue, Huimin Xu, Yue Wu, Ya Zhang, Yueqin Yang, Suoyi Han, Ruifang Zhao, Mengyuan Zhang and Xinyou Zhang
Agriculture 2023, 13(1), 217; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13010217 - 15 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1752
Abstract
Low temperature is the most common abiotic stress factor in peanut cultivation. Chitooligosaccharide (COS) plays an important role in the low-temperature resistance in plants, however, the role of COS in regulating the cold tolerance in peanuts is not clear. This research investigated the [...] Read more.
Low temperature is the most common abiotic stress factor in peanut cultivation. Chitooligosaccharide (COS) plays an important role in the low-temperature resistance in plants, however, the role of COS in regulating the cold tolerance in peanuts is not clear. This research investigated the effects of exogenous COS on peanut seedlings in response to low temperatures. The results showed that exogenous COS can significantly alleviate the cooling symptoms of seedlings by reducing the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) under simulated low-temperature conditions (8 °C). These reductions may be related to the elevation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activities and the increased contents of osmotic substances such as soluble sugars (SS), soluble protein (SP), proline (Pro), and total phenols (TP) compared with those in untreated seedlings. Meanwhile, the contents of chlorophyll a and b in a peanut leaf also increased, as well as the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), resulted in an increased plant height, a heavier fresh weight, and an increased dry weight. Notably, the treatment of 100 mg·L−1 COS had maximum gain effects compared with those of other treatments. In summary, this study revealed the usage of COS for chilling stress alleviation, and 100 mg L−1 foliar spraying is recommended. Full article
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