Heterogeneous Photocatalysis and Photocatalytic Nanomaterials

A special issue of ChemEngineering (ISSN 2305-7084).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2018) | Viewed by 29674

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva, s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
Interests: TiO2-based materials; nanomaterials; materials characterization; heterogeneous catalysis; kinetic and mathematical modelling of photo-reactors
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Guest Editor
Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie (C-3), Ctra Nnal IV-A, Km 396, Córdoba, Spain
Interests: green chemistry; biomass valorization; heterogeneous catalysis; nanomaterial design
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heterogeneous photocatalysis is an advanced oxidation process that uses semiconductors in the degradation and transformation of organic pollutants, production of hydrogen using bio-molecules, conversion of CO2 into high value-added industrial chemicals and hydrocarbon fuels as well as degradation of biological microorganisms, among other applications. The photocatalytic process is largely defined by the properties of the catalyst. In this regard, an exceptional window of opportunity has been opened by using of nanomaterials. Single-phase TiO2 or TiO2-base systems, doped and composite materials, other oxides semiconductors (SnO2, ZnO, ZrO2, Bi2O3, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, WO3, CeO2, Cu2O), metal–organic frameworks, graphite-like carbon nitride and other nonoxidic photocatalyts, among others, are materials potentially efficient for a wide range of photocatalytic applications.

Based on these ideas, we would like to invite authors to present papers and short reviews in a broad range of photocatalysis and photocatalytic nanomaterials topics for this Special Issue. Studies could range from the nanomaterials synthesis and activity photocatalytic studies, photo-reaction kinetics and mechanism analysis, selectivity and stability analysis, light-matter interaction and photocatalytic modelling.

Dr. Mario J. Muñoz-Batista
Prof. Dr. Rafael Luque
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • photocatalysis
  • nanomaterials
  • photocatalytic applications
  • UV-Visible-IR-Sunlight (sunlight-type) irradiation
  • photocatalytic modelling
  • quantum efficiency and yield

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 661 KiB  
Editorial
Heterogeneous Photocatalysis
by Mario J. Muñoz-Batista and Rafael Luque
ChemEngineering 2021, 5(2), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering5020026 - 25 May 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 3221
Abstract
Heterogeneous photocatalysis is a subtype of catalysis that refers to chemical processes catalysed by a semiconductor solid under proper illumination conditions [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heterogeneous Photocatalysis and Photocatalytic Nanomaterials)
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Research

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18 pages, 5089 KiB  
Article
Photocatalytic and Antimicrobial Properties of Ag2O/TiO2 Heterojunction
by Maya Endo-Kimura, Marcin Janczarek, Zuzanna Bielan, Dong Zhang, Kunlei Wang, Agata Markowska-Szczupak and Ewa Kowalska
ChemEngineering 2019, 3(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering3010003 - 8 Jan 2019
Cited by 36 | Viewed by 5379
Abstract
Ag2O/TiO2 heterojunctions were prepared by a simple method, i.e., the grinding of argentous oxide with six different titania photocatalysts. The physicochemical properties of the obtained photocatalysts were characterized by diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning transmission electron [...] Read more.
Ag2O/TiO2 heterojunctions were prepared by a simple method, i.e., the grinding of argentous oxide with six different titania photocatalysts. The physicochemical properties of the obtained photocatalysts were characterized by diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The photocatalytic activity was investigated for the oxidative decomposition of acetic acid and methanol dehydrogenation under UV/vis irradiation and for the oxidative decomposition of phenol and 2-propanol under vis irradiation. Antimicrobial properties were tested for bacteria (Escherichia coli) and fungi (Candida albicans and Penicillium chrysogenum) under UV and vis irradiation and in the dark. Enhanced activity was observed under UV/vis (with synergism for fine anatase-containing samples) and vis irradiation for almost all samples. This suggests a hindered recombination of charge carriers by p-n heterojunction or Z-scheme mechanisms under UV irradiation and photo-excited electron transfer from Ag2O to TiO2 under vis irradiation. Improved antimicrobial properties were achieved, especially under vis irradiation, probably due to electrostatic attractions between the negative surface of microorganisms and the positively charged Ag2O. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heterogeneous Photocatalysis and Photocatalytic Nanomaterials)
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14 pages, 3391 KiB  
Article
Photodegradation of Stearic Acid Adsorbed on Copper Oxide Heterojunction Thin Films Prepared by Magnetron Sputtering
by José Montero and Lars Österlund
ChemEngineering 2018, 2(3), 40; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering2030040 - 28 Aug 2018
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 4414
Abstract
Nanocrystalline copper oxide thin films were fabricated by reactive DC magnetron sputtering. The structure and optical properties of the films were measured with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and spectrophotometry. Variations of oxygen partial pressure resulted in oxide composition ranging from Cu, Cu-Cu [...] Read more.
Nanocrystalline copper oxide thin films were fabricated by reactive DC magnetron sputtering. The structure and optical properties of the films were measured with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and spectrophotometry. Variations of oxygen partial pressure resulted in oxide composition ranging from Cu, Cu-Cu2O, Cu2O-CuO1−x, and CuO. Optical band transitions at 2.06 eV and 2.55 eV were found for Cu2O corresponding to the direct forbidden and direct allowed interband transitions. For CuO an indirect allowed interband transition was found at 1.28 eV. The photocatalytic activity was determined by quantifying the rate constant and quantum yield (destroyed molecules/photons absorbed) under stearic acid degradation. Photocatalytic activity was found to be highest in mixed-phase films with Cu-Cu2O films the highest. Results from post-annealed Cu-Cu2O and CuO films show similar results. We interpret our results as being due to efficient electron-hole charge separation in the heterojunction films. The obtained quantum yields were generally about ten times lower than for comparable dense TiO2 and WO3 binary oxides, which calls for further studies of the spectral dependence of the quantum yield and electron-hole pair life times for oxides with different purity levels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heterogeneous Photocatalysis and Photocatalytic Nanomaterials)
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14 pages, 4339 KiB  
Article
Natural Hematite and Siderite as Heterogeneous Catalysts for an Effective Degradation of 4-Chlorophenol via Photo-Fenton Process
by Haithem Bel Hadjltaief, Ali Sdiri, María Elena Gálvez, Haythem Zidi, Patrick Da Costa and Mourad Ben Zina
ChemEngineering 2018, 2(3), 29; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering2030029 - 21 Jun 2018
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 4547
Abstract
This paper describes a simple and low-cost process for the degradation of 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP) from aqueous solution, using natural Tunisian Hematite (M1) and Siderite (M2). Two natural samples were collected in the outcroppings of the Djerissa mining site (Kef [...] Read more.
This paper describes a simple and low-cost process for the degradation of 4-Chlorophenol (4-CP) from aqueous solution, using natural Tunisian Hematite (M1) and Siderite (M2). Two natural samples were collected in the outcroppings of the Djerissa mining site (Kef district, northwestern Tunisia). Both Hematite and Siderite ferrous samples were characterized using several techniques, including X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Nitrogen Physisorption (BET), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), H2-Temperature Programmed Reduction (H2-TPR), Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM) linked with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDS) and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM). Textural, structural and chemical characterization confirmed the presence of Hematite and Siderite phases with a high amount of iron on the both surface materials. Their activity was evaluated in the oxidation of 4-CP in aqueous medium under heterogeneous photo-Fenton process. Siderite exhibited higher photocatalytic oxidation activity than Hematite at pH 3. The experimental results also showed that 100% conversion of 4-CP and 54% TOC removal can be achieved using Siderite as catalyst. Negligible metal leaching and catalyst reutilization without any loss of activity point towards an excellent catalytic stability for both natural catalysts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heterogeneous Photocatalysis and Photocatalytic Nanomaterials)
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13 pages, 10606 KiB  
Article
Photodegradation of 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene on Montmorillonite–TiO2 Nanocomposites
by Beatriz González, Bárbara Muñoz, Miguel Angel Vicente, Raquel Trujillano, Vicente Rives, Antonio Gil and Sophia Korili
ChemEngineering 2018, 2(2), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering2020022 - 17 May 2018
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3734
Abstract
Montmorillonite–TiO2 nanocomposites were prepared using two different methods (ultrasonic or stirring) and using titanium(IV) isopropoxide as precursor. The solids were characterized by element chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, thermal analyses, and nitrogen adsorption. The evolution of the properties as a function [...] Read more.
Montmorillonite–TiO2 nanocomposites were prepared using two different methods (ultrasonic or stirring) and using titanium(IV) isopropoxide as precursor. The solids were characterized by element chemical analysis, X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, thermal analyses, and nitrogen adsorption. The evolution of the properties as a function of the preparation method was discussed. These nanocomposites were used as catalysts for the photodegradation of 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. The degradation pathway and the nature of the by–products were investigated by mass spectrometry. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heterogeneous Photocatalysis and Photocatalytic Nanomaterials)
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Review

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32 pages, 1886 KiB  
Review
Solar Fuels by Heterogeneous Photocatalysis: From Understanding Chemical Bases to Process Development
by Alberto Olivo, Danny Zanardo, Elena Ghedini, Federica Menegazzo and Michela Signoretto
ChemEngineering 2018, 2(3), 42; https://doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering2030042 - 4 Sep 2018
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 6867
Abstract
The development of sustainable yet efficient technologies to store solar light into high energy molecules, such as hydrocarbons and hydrogen, is a pivotal challenge in 21st century society. In the field of photocatalysis, a wide variety of chemical routes can be pursued to [...] Read more.
The development of sustainable yet efficient technologies to store solar light into high energy molecules, such as hydrocarbons and hydrogen, is a pivotal challenge in 21st century society. In the field of photocatalysis, a wide variety of chemical routes can be pursued to obtain solar fuels but the two most promising are carbon dioxide photoreduction and photoreforming of biomass-derived substrates. Despite their great potentialities, these technologies still need to be improved to represent a reliable alternative to traditional fuels, in terms of both catalyst design and photoreactor engineering. This review highlights the chemical fundamentals of different photocatalytic reactions for solar fuels production and provides a mechanistic insight on proposed reaction pathways. Also, possible cutting-edge strategies to obtain solar fuels are reported, focusing on how the chemical bases of the investigated reaction affect experimental choices. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Heterogeneous Photocatalysis and Photocatalytic Nanomaterials)
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