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Environ. Earth Sci. Proc., 2025, ECWS-8

The 8th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences

14–16 October 2024

Volume Editor:
Helena M. Ramos, University of Lisbon, Portugal

Number of Papers: 6
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Cover Story (view full-size image): The 8th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences (ECWS-8), building on seven successful previous conferences, will focus on key water-related issues including adaptive water resources [...] Read more.
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8 pages, 1000 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Extreme Rainfall Analysis Including Seasonality in Athens, Greece
by Konstantinos Vantas and Athanasios Loukas
Environ. Earth Sci. Proc. 2025, 32(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/eesp2025032001 - 15 Jan 2025
Viewed by 430
Abstract
Extreme rainfall analysis is essential for accurate flood hazard assessment. Traditional approaches, such as the use of annual maxima, may overlook seasonal variations and lead to underestimated precipitation extremes, compromising effective flood risk management strategies. This study applies a point process model to [...] Read more.
Extreme rainfall analysis is essential for accurate flood hazard assessment. Traditional approaches, such as the use of annual maxima, may overlook seasonal variations and lead to underestimated precipitation extremes, compromising effective flood risk management strategies. This study applies a point process model to uninterrupted daily rainfall records (1901–2023) from the National Observatory of Athens meteorological station in Thiseion. This method analyzes both the frequency of exceedances above a given threshold and the values of those exceedances, incorporating seasonality into the modeling process. Preliminary analysis using annual maxima revealed no statistically significant trend but indicated clear monthly seasonality in precipitation extremes. By incorporating seasonality, the point process method yielded estimates up to 22% higher than those obtained using traditional annual maxima approaches, such as those employed in Greece’s National Flood Risk Management Plans. These findings highlight the need for a revision of current methodologies, which could significantly impact flood risk assessments and management strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 8th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences)
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8 pages, 3405 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Nature-Based Solutions Applied in Urban Drainage Systems: A Case Study Using GIS-Based Hydrological Modeling
by Lineker Max Goulart Coelho
Environ. Earth Sci. Proc. 2025, 32(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/eesp2025032002 - 24 Jan 2025
Viewed by 322
Abstract
This work aims to show a streamlined framework to assess Nature-based Solution (NbS) scenarios in stormwater management. Different scenarios for NbS were assessed using computational modeling to estimate the extension of flooded areas. Scenario 1 represents the current situation with no NbS implemented, [...] Read more.
This work aims to show a streamlined framework to assess Nature-based Solution (NbS) scenarios in stormwater management. Different scenarios for NbS were assessed using computational modeling to estimate the extension of flooded areas. Scenario 1 represents the current situation with no NbS implemented, Scenario 2 increased vegetation cover, Scenario 3 used linear gardens, and Scenario 4 rain gardens. Hydrological modeling combined Georeferenced Information System (GIS) and flooding spot analysis. Scenarios 3 and 4 were able to avoid flooding, with almost no flooding spots. The results indicate that the proposed assessment framework was an efficient way to compare different scenarios for stormwater management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 8th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences)
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8 pages, 4076 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Regional Frequency Analysis of Annual Maximum Rainfall and Sampling Uncertainty Quantification
by Marios Billios and Lampros Vasiliades
Environ. Earth Sci. Proc. 2025, 32(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/eesp2025032003 - 24 Jan 2025
Viewed by 367
Abstract
Accurate quantile estimation of extreme precipitation is crucial for hydraulic infrastructure design but is often hindered by limited data records, leading to uncertainties. This study applies regional frequency analysis (RFA) using L-moments, comparing classical and Bayesian approaches to quantify uncertainties. Data from 55 [...] Read more.
Accurate quantile estimation of extreme precipitation is crucial for hydraulic infrastructure design but is often hindered by limited data records, leading to uncertainties. This study applies regional frequency analysis (RFA) using L-moments, comparing classical and Bayesian approaches to quantify uncertainties. Data from 55 rainfall stations in Thessaly, Greece, are analyzed through clustering using PCA and k-means. The Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution is fitted to delineated clusters, and uncertainties are assessed via bootstrap and MCMC methods. Results highlight consistency in location and scale estimates, with Bayesian methods offering narrower uncertainty bounds, demonstrating improved reliability for long-term rainfall prediction and design. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 8th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences)
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9 pages, 1915 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Rainwater Harvesting in Social Housing: An Analysis Across Twelve Cities in Brazil
by Maria Clara Sampaio Rosa e Silva, Igor Catão Martins Vaz and Enedir Ghisi
Environ. Earth Sci. Proc. 2025, 32(1), 4; https://doi.org/10.3390/eesp2025032004 - 7 Feb 2025
Viewed by 175
Abstract
Rainwater harvesting (RWH) has emerged as a promising technique to improve water security amid the escalating effects of climate change. However, a comprehensive evaluation of various rainwater harvesting solutions is needed to promote sustainable practices in the building sector. This study aims to [...] Read more.
Rainwater harvesting (RWH) has emerged as a promising technique to improve water security amid the escalating effects of climate change. However, a comprehensive evaluation of various rainwater harvesting solutions is needed to promote sustainable practices in the building sector. This study aims to evaluate the water saving potential in multi- and single-family social housing buildings in twelve cities in Brazil. Computer simulations were performed for 60 scenarios, comprising five social housing reference models and using rainfall data from twelve representative cities of Brazil’s bioclimatic zones. The results show that single-family houses presented a higher potential for potable water savings (20 to 22%) than multi-family housing models (2 to 3%), mainly due to their higher roof-area-to-resident ratio. Single-family buildings exhibit more significant variability in absolute savings (standard deviation), while multi-family buildings are more sensitive to variability relative to their means (higher CVs). Furthermore, due to uneven rainfall distribution and storage limitations, water savings potential does not correlate linearly with total annual rainfall. Normalised results reveal that buildings with a lower population density achieve higher water savings per area and inhabitant. This study demonstrated that building and climate characteristics influence rainwater harvesting, offering valuable insights for promoting sustainable water management practices in social housing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 8th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences)
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9 pages, 1595 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Innovative Solutions for Smart Water Grids: Insights from Patent Analysis
by Ahmed Fatimi
Environ. Earth Sci. Proc. 2025, 32(1), 5; https://doi.org/10.3390/eesp2025032005 - 11 Feb 2025
Viewed by 10
Abstract
The “Smart Water Grid” integrates the internet of things, information, and communications technologies for efficient, sustainable water management, using sensors and controls to tackle issues like leaks and overuse. Patent analysis aids this technology monitoring, revealing trends and solutions and enabling innovation to [...] Read more.
The “Smart Water Grid” integrates the internet of things, information, and communications technologies for efficient, sustainable water management, using sensors and controls to tackle issues like leaks and overuse. Patent analysis aids this technology monitoring, revealing trends and solutions and enabling innovation to overcome challenges in smart water distribution systems. This study highlights the global distribution of patent filings, and the leading companies and technologies involved in smart water grid innovation. Patent data reveals a focus on communication and control technologies, as well as data transmission and processing (as reflected by the dominant patent classifications) within the smart water grid space, highlighting the importance of communication technologies in this field. In summary, smart water grid innovation is driven by the integration of efficient water management, with a global focus led by the United States and China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 8th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences)
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7 pages, 1892 KiB  
Proceeding Paper
Assessing the Environmental and Economic Footprint of Leakages in Water Distribution Networks
by Athanasios V. Serafeim, Anastasios Perdios, Nikolaos Th. Fourniotis, George Kokosalakis and Andreas Langousis
Environ. Earth Sci. Proc. 2025, 32(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/eesp2025032006 - 14 Feb 2025
Viewed by 25
Abstract
All urban and agricultural water distribution networks (WDNs), irrespective of their physical and operational characteristics, encounter substantial leakages which result in significant water losses, environmental degradation through increased carbon emissions, and noteworthy economic burdens. The current work aims to quantify both the environmental [...] Read more.
All urban and agricultural water distribution networks (WDNs), irrespective of their physical and operational characteristics, encounter substantial leakages which result in significant water losses, environmental degradation through increased carbon emissions, and noteworthy economic burdens. The current work aims to quantify both the environmental impact, estimated in terms of CO2 emissions, and the economic implications associated with leakages and evaluate the effect of the most widely used leakage reduction strategies. The current approach is applied to the water distribution network of the city of Patras in Western Greece. Full article
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 8th International Electronic Conference on Water Sciences)
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